SOCIAL SCIENCES BULLETIN
Year:2009 | Volume:3 | Issue:2|Papers Count:10

The purpose of this article is to explore dimensions and signs of religiosity based on sociology of religion. This paper reviewed empirical and field study of the degree and changes of religiosity in the last fifty years ago and then presents some critical view about their models and scales of assessment of religiosity. Finally, this article is to propose the model of assessment of religiosity. This is a survey research among students of Islamic Azad University and public university of Qom city. Data is collected through questionnaires distributed among 334 persons based on Cochran`s formula. The findings show that there is a high obligation toward religious beliefs, individual ethic and personal duties but there is a low obligation toward collective worshiping, political laws and religious participation. Therefore, the tendency to inner and individual religiosity (obligation toward dimensions and individual signs of religion) is more than social religiosity (obligation toward dimensions and collective signs of religion).

The present research examines information and communication technology (ICT) on urban development (a case study of Arak city). The findings are based on the views represented in literature and the relationship between ICT and urban development. Thus, information and communication technology as the main component of the information society should be taken into consideration urban development. The theories like urban sustainable development, the third wave, network society and city of bites are considered as theoretical framework. Since cities reflect the conditions of society so changes and effects of information and communication technology shown in urban societies. Therefore, the first questions are as follows: how ICT influences urban development. This is a descriptive study and survey research, which includes a sample of 384 citizens taken from Arak`s districts. The most important data-gathering tool is questionnaires. Structural equation modeling is a statistical technique used to analyze the data and test hypotheses. The findings show that there is a linear and direct statistical model between ICT and urban development (according to Lisrel software). It means that ICT has direct impact on educational opportunities, economic opportunities, availability, environment healthy, social participation, social communication, women and teenagers positions. Therefore, internet influences on urban society obviously.

The relation and ties inside human society cause the appearance of various social groups. The different role and status of social groups in the society determines their social relations and motions. Ethnic groups are considered as the most important social groups who have a great influence on socio-economic development and human decision-makings and accept great effect from the said decisions as well. The process of unsustainable and unbalanced development of Iran refers to unsteady basic elements and indexes and their unstable compound. Actually, the socio-economic development have been prepared under the effect of growth and development of world economy and capitalism, so the preparation of socio-economic development faces many difficulties for responding to the needs and desires of social groups and ethnic groups. This matter lead to disregarding of ethnic – population compounds as a part of social system. The performance of human and socio-economic development before and after the Islamic Revolution indicates the existence of impediments in preparing proportionate socio-economic development. The objective of compilation of this thesis is to consider the effects of socio-economic development on convergence and divergence of ethnic groups before and after the Islamic Revolution and the reasons and factors arising from social relations of Iranian society. The tests of research theories have been performed based on valid papers and documents and content analysis and direct observations in the form of documentary, field and Delphi methods. The findings show that there are some reasons for convergence and divergence of ethnic groups as follows: - Water shortage and widespread climatic and geographic conditions of Iran, - Severe concentration of political management, - Inattention to the participation of ethnic groups, - Ignorance of demands and requirements of ethnic groups due to following of modernization theory, - Ethnic policy of uniformity of ethnic groups, - Economic and social inequality among ethnic groups, - Unequal human development among ethnic groups, - Unbalanced and inappropriate development of ethnic regions.

The trust considers as a central point of social relations and organizations. There are some differences between the role of trust in relations of small and large groups. Trust cause that people avoid suspicion in their social relations with others so there is no honest relationship without trust. Mistrust lead to form suspicion and lack of self-confidence also disorder in relations and absence of collective cooperation. Therefore, trust in secondary groups influences on appropriate relations and sustainable cooperation. This paper is to examine social trust among university students (A case study of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch). This is a correlation method and sample size consists of 371 persons. The findings show that some indexes like participating, optimism and cooperation are weak among students but explicitness, democratic, face-to-face relations, honesty, altruistic, respondency, responsibility and clearness in performance consider as an acceptable levels.

Mass media are a powerful tool for sending pattern to the society. Occurring big changes in levels of national and international has been changed sources of socialization and inter-generation interactions. For dual role of Television as reflecting mirror (behaviors, patterns and values of society) and an effective factor (on society that in long time will change the values of society) it is basic and important the evaluating and Measurement of the messages that has been sent by Television to Iranian home. To this reason, one of the ways of knowing the kinds of relations between the generations, in view of power and according to gender is investigating the patterns that will be sent for members of society by mass media. Present study, tries to investigate the relations between the generations that has been shown on TV serials. We study it according to power and gender. We studied four Iranian serials that they have been portrayed on one and three networks in 1385. Research method was content analysis. Findings show that, totally, on the TV serials the dominance relation has been showed more than Obedience relation. According to date, Inter-generation Obedience of young people is the less. Trying the female middle ages for to have Obedience relations of Inter-generation is more than young people. Male middle ages have the most Obedience relations of Inter-generation so that more than one out of three their relations have been the obedience relations.

This paper is to study a movie named "two women" directed by TahminehMilaniwith emphasizes on woman. Moreover, focus on how a woman is personalized and pasteurized in this film. The method is content analysis with coding of all parts of the film then 19 variables used for coding. SPSS software is used for data processing also in order to analyzing data, some tables are considered too. In addition, there are meaningful relationships in just two of nine indexes. in other words; there are meaningful relationships between life environment of woman and prejudice of man as well as the sense of hope and fear. This film show that many behaviors like violent, prejudice, mistrust, control and domination exercised by man. Therefore, this movie as a kind of mass media reflects social realities of the society. In addition, this movie plays its role well as the instrument of cultural transmission and finally indicates the problems of women outstandingly.

The Present article is to explain the globalization and its relation between ethnic identity and national identity. In addition, try to answer to this question that dose the Fundamental values of globalization cause the bolding ethnic identity among Iranian Arab against national identity. On the other world what is the effect of values of globalization on specificity among Iranian Arabs. This is a survey research and qualitative data obtained through interviews. The population of this study consists of the entire Arabs of Ahwaz city which their aged ranged from18-65 years. Validity is based on content validity and reliability is according to Cronbach`s Alpha. Data is collected through questionnaires distributed among 560 persons based on Cochran`s formula. Testing hypotheses is done according to variance analysis and regression. As findings show the values of globalization, among Iranian Arabs, lead to distinguishing of ethnic identity against national identity. In addition, qualitative data indicate that there is social acceptance among Iranian Arabs with the other ethnic groups. Therefore, equalitarian discourse based on the rights of citizenship cause the consolidation of national identity. In addition, it is possible to interpret the qualitative and quantitative data for the new pattern of civil identity of Iranians.

This present study is to survey about efficiency of family in relationship with educational situation of successful and unsuccessful students of Islamic Azad university of Sanandaj (2008-2009). This is a descriptive and expost- facto research. The sample of this study included 227 university students {109girls, 118 boys} whom their educational levels varied from post diploma to professional PhD and who were selected through stratified random sampling. The test (FAD) based on Mc Master Model is used too. Results of the study show that, there is a significant relationship between educational situation of successful and unsuccessful students with their efficiency of family. Furthermore, another test indicates that there is significant relationship between emotional support and educational situation of successful and unsuccessful students. In addition, the family of successful students considers as a better performance. There are no significant relationship between sex, native, non-native and kind of college with efficiency of family. Finally, the findings show that efficiency of family has more effect on the personality and social relations of students. Mental and social factors influence on the educational situationof the students.