Journal of Dental School
Year:2018 | Volume:36 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Objectives Oxidative stress consequent to cigarette smoking may alter the salivary antioxidant defense system and lead to oral cancer. Green tea, with antioxidant properties, interacts with saliva upon entering the mouth. This experimental study explored the preventive effect of green tea on cigarette smoke-induced oxidative damage over 3 weeks. Methods In this clinical trial study sixty volunteer healthy male smokers (light and heavy) and non-smokers were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Participants of each three groups were instructed to drink 4g of green tea (prepared with 300 ml hot water) daily, for three weeks. Total antioxidant capacity of saliva was measured at baseline, after 7 days, and after 21 days in each group. Repeated measure ANOVA with Bonferroni adjustment was performed for statistical analysis. Results Non-smokers had a higher amount of salivary total antioxidant capacity at baseline (p<0. 001). After 7days of green tea consumption total antioxidant capacity of non-smokers and light smokers showed no statistical difference (p=0. 075), this trend continued until 21 days. In the heavy smokers total antioxidant capacity was still different from the other two groups (p<0. 001). However, the maximum positive alteration of salivary total antioxidant capacity from day zero to day 21 occurred in the heavy smoker group (p< 0. 001). Conclusion Although findings support the role of green tea drinking in reducing oxidative damage in saliva of both groups of smokers, heavy smokers showed the most significant change in total antioxidant capacity levels over three weeks.

Objectives The use of lasers for the treatment of periimplant hard and soft tissues is now refmore than ever before. Achieving bone integrity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Er: YAG, 980 nm and 810 nm diode lasers irradiation on biocompatibility of SLA titanium disks by SaOs2 cells morphology. Methods In this in-vitro study sixty sterile titanium disks with SLA surface were divided into four equal subgroups. One subgroup was used as a control group and the remaining three groups were irradiated with Er: YAG laser 980nm and 810nm Doide lasers, separately. After laser irradiation, all discs were autoclaved at 121° C and placed in 24 appropriate plates. The SaOs2 cells were, then, added to the plates at a density of 2×104. The cells were incubated in DMEM, CO2, and penicillin-streptomycin medium at 37 ° C for 3 days. Then, the samples were extracted from the culture medium for scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the photograph was taken by SEM at magnifications of 750, 1000, 3000, and 5000. The analyses were performed through Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results All three groups, irradiated by laser, and the control group have shown spreading cells with plentiful phylopodia, which means the morphology of a mature bone cell. The numbers were 20. 7% (Er: YAG), 52. 7% (980nm Diode), 48. 8% (810nm Diode) and 38. 7% (Control) groups, respectively, which were not statistically significant. Conclusion Er: YAG, 980nm and 810nm diode laser irradiations with the parameters mentioned in this study do not have any negative effects on osteoblast cells attachment and their maturity on titanium implants.

Objectives The aim of this clinical trial was to compare the effects of oral Midazolam with oral Hydroxyzine on post sedation using IV Ketaminein children. Methods This single blind cross over clinical trial, was conducted on 25 children aged 2-6 years of ASA I and definitely negative by Frankl behavioral scale. Participants were divided into two groups: Group I received hydroxyzine syrup premed at the first session and midazolam oral at the 2nd visit. Group II received the premed in the opposite order. Vital signs, were recorded sedation depth, recovery and discharge status and compared potential adverse effects of sedative drugs were checked and recorded including sleepiness, nausea and vomiting, vertigo at 1stand 6th hours of discharge. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS V 20 using Repeated Measures ANOVA and Mann-Whitney tests. Results No significant differences were noticeable between two groups when vital signs, were compared in addition to response to drugs, working time, sleepiness, nausea and vomiting rates. However, there was a significant difference between groups in the incidence of vertigo one hour post operatively with higher prevalence in the Hydroxyzine group. (P=0. 022) Conclusion Under the circumstances of this study, no significant difference was found between the two regimen groups, but vertigo was appeared as being higher after the first hour in the Hydroxyzine group.

Objectives Acrylic resins are one of the most important denture base materials in dentistry due to their favourable mechanical and physical properties. The purpose of present study is to compare 4 available acrylic flexural strength properties before and after thermocycling. Methods Acrylic resin specimens of Meliodent (Heraeus Kulzer, Hanau, Germany), Vertex (Vertex-dental BV, Zeist, Netherlands), Mead way (Dental Supplies LTD, Surrey, England) and Versacryl (Keystone, Gibbstown, NJ) prepared according to ISO 20745-2 (in dimensions of 25x7x2 mm). Total of 40 blocks obtained: 10 specimens from each type of acrylic resin made one group. Each group divided into two equal subgroups. Flexural strength of specimens in subgroup 1 measured before thermocycling process whereas same measurement carried out for subgroup 2 after thermocycling (5000 cycles) process. Three-point bending test used for the final measurement. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests with mean difference significant at the 0. 05 level (P < 0. 05) Results Mead way acrylic resin showed a higher level of flexural strength (105. 98± 4. 90 MPa) without thermocycling compared to Meliodent and Vertex resins, however, no significant difference was observed between Mead way and Versacryl resin’ s same property. Data analysis revealed that thermocycled Meadway resin had highest flexural strength (90. 25± S6. 30 MPa) in comparison to other resins (Meliodent, Vertex and Versacryl). Flexural strength appeared significant reduction in all resins after polymerization. Conclusion Mead way resin presented the highest flexural strength in both thermocycled and non-thermocycled resin groups. Nonetheless, thermocycling process resulted in notably lower measurements of flexural strength in Versacryl, Vertex, Meliodent and Mead way resins.

Objectives Periodontal diseases are one of the common oral diseases and microbial oral flora is one major factor responsible for it. Elimination of periodontal pathogens is particularly important in managing the periodontal state. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial effects of Nanosil, chlorhexidine (CHX) and probiotic mouthwashes on periodontal pathogens. Methods In this in-vitro study, the bacteria (A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia, E. coli, S. aureus, B. cereus, B. subtilis, S. typhimurium, E. coli O-157 and E. coli PTCC 1338) were cultured using specific culture media. Microbial suspension was prepared by dissolving 1 or 2 microbial colonies in tryptic soy broth. Nanosil, CHX and probiotic mouthwashes were added to the wells containing bacterial suspension. Samples were taken from wells showing turbidity and cultured in plates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of mouthwashes was determined by repeated measuring of the growth inhibition zones. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, One-way ANOVA, and Scheffe’ s post hoc was used for statistical analysis. Results Probiotic mouthwash had greater antibacterial effects than other mouthwashes and caused larger growth inhibition zones. For S. aureus and S. typhimurium, the mean diameter of the growth inhibition zone was not significant (p>0. 05), while for other tested bacteria were significant (p<0. 05). Conclusion Probiotic mouthwash decreases the pathogenic oral flora and stabilizes the beneficial flora in oral cavity.

Objectives Mandibular third molar extraction is among the most commonly performed dental procedures. Fracture of the angle of mandible after third molar extraction is a rare complication of this procedure. Case Herein, we report fracture of the right angle of mandible immediately after extraction of mandibular right third molar in a 38-year old healthy female patient, which was surgically managed. A review of the relevant literature is also presented. Thirty four cases of mandibular fracture following third molar extraction are reported in the literature. Most of these cases were removed surgically. Conclusion Systematic review of papers showed that angulation of impacted third molar is one of the most related factors in following fractures of mandibular angle.

Objectives Aggressive cancer therapy places patients at a greater risk for oral complications. Cancer patients suffer from oral toxic effects secondary to antineoplastic therapy (radiotherapy and chemotherapy). The aim of this review is management of the head and neck cancer patients that specifically emphasizes the prevention and treatment of oral and dental complications associated with cancer therapy. Methods In this narrative review article, the specialized databases such as PubMed, PubMed Central, MEDLINE, EBSCO, Science Direct, Scopus from 2008 to 2018 were used to find relevant documents by using Mesh terms: Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, oral consideration, head and neck. Results The data were categorized in: Complications of head and neck radiotherapy and its management (Xerostomia, Oral Infection, Oral Mucositis, Osteoradionecrosis), Complications of head and neck chemotherapy and its management (Mucosal toxicity, Dental alterations, Neurological disorders, Salivary alterations, Dysgeusia, Infections, Bleeding tendency, Osteonecrosis of the jaws due to bisphosphonates). Conclusion In order to minimize morbidity in the head and neck cancer patients, it is recommended for consulting to dental health care providers before, during and after cancer therapy.

Objectives This study is aimed to introduce an unusual case of a female with two talon teeth on both maxillary lateral incisors. Case A 38-year-old female was referred to oral medicine department, Qom university of medical sciences for routin examinations. Bilateral maxillary talon cusp was observed on maxillary lateral incisors. Future evaluation revealed impaction of maxillary left canine and missing all wisdom teeth. Since talon teeth were not decayed and no occlusal interferences were present, no treatment was performed and patient was scheduled for routine follow up recalls. Conclusion Comprehensive examination of the case revealed the province of bilateral talon cusp teeth in maxilla.