MOSKUYA
Year:2012 | Volume:7 | Issue:22|Papers Count:8

Relations between Iran and the Ottoman from the beginning of Qajar to constitutional revolution of Iran include political, cultural and economical developments of the two parties. The dispute between Iran and Ottoman over sovereignty of Georgia, concluding the first and second Arzanat al- Rome treaties, convention of four-parties commissions and Mohammarah border commission have been happened in line with these relations. The negotiations between Iranian and Ottoman ambassadors for settlement of disputes between the two countries and border issues etc. were very effective on strengthening the relations between both countries. It is notable that European governments such as Russia and England had a considerable role in settlement of disputes between Iran and Othman. This paper attempts to consider the relations between Iran and Ottoman from the beginning of Qajar Era to the Constitutional Revolution of Iran.

Transoxiana and Turkestan territory known today as Central Asia and the distant past is part of the original territory of Iran. In Central Asia, the Russians the name of based on political reasons because they wanted to make a new history and pretend some how that they did not have been of cultural affinity with Iran. the name of Khorazm, Sogdiana and Balkh in the Achaemenid inscriptions. To Witness the most historians, Khorazm is the first that Aryans settled in that area where the Iranians were living in Iran or Iran's powerful Vyjh say. These areas were also dominated during the Parthian and Sassanid Iran, and even it had been the origin Parthian were of modern Turkmenistan. In the Islamic era Turkestan and Transoxiana became an important center of political, cultural, and historical and everyone is formed about and cultural significance of everyone from cities such as Bukhara, Samarkand, Khorezm and are aware of. Much of today Central Asia is the last it hadn't been Transoxiana. The aim the current of research is to investigate the social-political changes in middle Asia in the 19th century resulting in losing the independence of the region and have been enclosed it to Russia. Refers to the word "Asia" to the by Russian government, no doubt in good faith based on historical geographical fact. A short review shows that this part of Asia has had an essential role in history and civilization as well as the social-political developments before and after Islam. Sogdiana, Samarkand, Bukhara, Khujand, Ashrusnh, Termez, Khorezm, Khiva, etc. All have a great history and Islamic civilization. In this article the author is trying to investigate the political and social structure of khanate in Central Asia in the nineteenth century, the khanate relations with the central authority and the evolution of Russian policy toward Central Asia.

The discovery of oil could be seen as the architect of the modern economy, the historical process of Iranian economy and policy makers face enormous challenges and opportunities revealed Decision-makers who can jump in world oil prices in 1352 and contracts related milestone on the path of discovery and exploitation and sales of oil in the past one hundred years. This paper tries to address the sources of historical and analytical review of existing documents, descriptive and comprehensive library provides the means relied upon to be some questions about the oil and the Iranian economy answers. Essentially, investment and infrastructure development planning process for social, cultural, political and economic increase Iran's share of the revenues from oil sales can be challenged. This plan can also lead to a fundamental question: whether to spend how much of an impact on the economic development of Iran's vast oil revenues have gone?

One of the important needs of human society is security that this biesising with the measures of the government will be sisnificat collecting news and security information. are the main instruments that governments need for providing security, and Islamic regime in a first step of its formation and continuity has required to this issue such that are holy prophet (P.B.U.H) and his assistant Imam Ali (P.B.U.H) in this regard tried toward collecting news and information and protecting information in support of this claim, in our historical resources exist much evidences that is mentioned in this Article such as infiltration, patrolling and reconnaissante, interviewing and interrogation, checking, inspection, chasins and observation using and utilizing people report and volunteer informant, that this multi has important Achievements in the basis military and security. And also has tried to adopt with the measures of our holy prophet (P.B.U.H) and Imam Ali (P.B.U.H) to provide the back ground of their security approaches and more to get familiar with the expressions and definitions of modern security and information.

Silk Road highway is unique in the ancient world for centuries, and for many years was in the East and West together gave the world those days. The link between East and West in the ancient world was not a safe and easy way of air, sea punishment our day, thousands of shipments daily and easy to carry material and spiritual ways Azmhdvd took place only towards the support and cooperation of governments Drblad Vfvrkala plurality of traffic and then, they had become known ways Vrsmy Vmqbvl. Specification of Silk Road, with all its features, climate, social and economic will over time became a commercial thoroughfare and the Nations became world famous. It's about the ancient civilizations of three continents of Africa and Eurasia were linked together. Diversity of natural, cultural, and economic realms renowned numerous road they went, led Vjabjayy addition to cargo shipments requested material Vblad lands on both sides of the way, intentionally or unintentionally, beliefs, customs, valley, many of the ideas in one of the world's land is transferred to the other side and thus belief in the people of other beliefs vote and rich nations are affected. If the Christian west, along the Silk Road and passing through the lands surrounding the Mediterranean, Black, Caspian, Aral, Baikal and Balkhash Vara’ and ideas found in the Far East, Zoroaster, Buddha, Mani, Mazdak, Confucianism, Islam and the mystical movements.

One of the modernistic achievements of Constitution Revolution was the obvious appearance and existence of the civil institutions such as the political associations and parties in Qajar Period. Soleiman Mirza was one of the few constitutionalist nobles who had widespread relations with the civil institutions. Participating in the establishment of semi-leftist Democrat Party and two Socialist and mass leftist parties, and being the leader of the mentioned parties not only was considered as actionist famous people of the parties in political arena of Iran but also there would be a question in mind that how a Qajar noble is in the top of the mentioned parties. Could we distinguish between the traditionalist nature based on the individualism and the modernist nature based on the pluralist rationale parties and could we consider him as its climax? The present article tries to consider the social status of Soleiman Mirza and to reach a strategy in order to explore the convergent and divergent positions between his political actions and situations in status of being leadership in Democrat and Socialist Parties.