MOSKUYA
Year:2014 | Volume:8 | Issue:27|Papers Count:7

Establishment of Communist Party in Iran in Spring 1921 was one of the outcomes of the Russian October (1917) Revolution. The Communist Party of Iran was very active in political and cultural areas until 1931; that is, before passing the law that banned any socialist activities. Unlike the political life of the party that lasted only one year (following Jungle’s Movement defeat), the intellectual and cultural life of the Party continued for nearly eleven years, until 1931. This latter part of the activities of the Communist Party of Iran has been rarely studied and researched. The present paper tries to search on the reasons and factors of the party’s adopting the policy of cultural and syndicate activities and withdrawing from open political activities following the defeat of Jungle Movement.

Receiving taxes is actually getting money or a good from its owner forcibly by the government that gradually with promotion of the behavior and thoughts of the societies, it has received a higher position than just being an income for the government in political and economic field. In Qajar era in Iran, tax had a close relation with economy and due to its effect on the development of social, economic and political position of the country, the reformers of that era took it into consideration in their thoughts. So that their reforms and thoughts were a step for Iran to pass from Pre- Constitutional era to a Post-Constitutional period and a focused way of receiving tax in order to establish a democratic government in Iran. Analyzing the ideas of pre-constitutional reformers in taxes and the factors that caused failure for them in achieving their demands in the subject for this paper.

Undoubtedly, the collapse of the Ottoman Empire is considered as one of the most important and influential political events of world of Islam in twentieth century/ fourteenth century of AH. About the importance of this issue, it’s enough to say that the reflect of the impact of this event in the present century and specially in recent years can also be seen. Important factors that contributed to the collapse, long years this trend continued until the First World Warput an end to this trend. What was the high light, In dependence nations under the empire. The nationalism of the late 19 th century was little sense among the nations, and during the years leading up to World War I, it was in tense And lead to expedite action on behalf of the family that led to the collapse of the empire. The main issue in this study that weexamine, the role of majorethnic Ottoman Empire in order to achieve the irnationalistic feelings That led to the collapse of the Ottoman Empire.

This paper examines the history of women's social status in ignorant Arabs era. The blessings of ignorance before Islam had been violated her rights and human values. Ignorant woman generally was considered a second-class citizen at the higher level of status which had its own specific functions and limits. On the other hand, the men did not consider worth for them. The main subject of this paper is what status women in pre-Islamic Arabs had, how approach of ignorant Arab to women was, and how the degree of participation of women in social, political, economic, and cultural issues has been.

The problem of formulation and development of Historical Art’s contents has been a challenging issue and also its movement towards historical documents and political history was always fluctuating .One of the most important preconditions for presenting a proper analysis on contents of Historical Art is to be completely knowledgeable about the Society of that era and this issue has been considered in this paper by Althusser’s Sociology. In the theoretical part of this paper I will discuss Althusser’s ideas about the functions of Power through state apparatus and also Althusser’s Correspondences with Andre Daspre about art has been considered too. After that I will briefly analysis the structure of Sassanid state and its Power elements and then I will show the influence of these factors on political contents of Sasanian Art, at the end I will present a hypothesis about the relation of Sasanian painting with its state.

The constitution revolution was a shout against several thousand years' despotism and tyranny in Iran. Iran society needed substantial changes in its intellectual system framework in order to confront this phenomenon. The intellectual system in Iran society had been established based on the traditional believes - combination of tradition and law (Iranian Culture), meanwhile tradition was dominated on law because the Taboos in Iran Society were rooted in the thoughts and believes of Iranians. These Taboos became as traditional believes during the middle history of Iran. Meanwhile, opponents belived that constitution was against tradition and even constitutionalists decided to solve the challenge by using comparative policy and incorporation of constitution and traditional believes. Lack of intellectual revolution and widespread reformations led to depletion of concepts and essentials of constitution so that they incorporated constitution not with law but tradition which led to constitution failure and decline. This article tries to deal with intellectual system framework and the Taboos dominated in Iran society and to find the important reasons of constitution failure during the changes in contemporary history of Iran by studing the aberrations of constitutionalists.