VETERINARY CLINICAL PATHOLOGY (VETERINARY JOURNAL TABRIZ)
Year:2012 | Volume:6 | Issue:2 (22)|Papers Count:8

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different mixtures of peppermint, thyme and saturea medicinal plants on performance, egg quality and blood biochemical and immunity parameters of laying hens. Experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 192 of laying hens in 4 treatments and 4 replicates (with 12 hen in each replicate) for 12 weeks and included: control group without using any medicinal plants, group 2 using 2% of medicinal plants (50% of peppermint, 25% thyme and 25% of saturea), group 3 (25% of peppermint, 50% thyme and 25% of sature) and group 4 (25% of pepermint, 25% thyme and 50% of sature). Results showed that the use of different medicinal plants mixture has significant effects on performance, biochemical parameters, percent of heterophils and ratio of heterophils to lymphocytes (p<0.05). The overall results of the present study indicate that in laying hens with using the mixture of medicinal plants like 3 experimental groups, the improvement of performance, blood parameters and immunity level is possible.

In this survey, 290 mice and rats fecal samples from commercial layer and broiler poultry houses were tested for Salmonella sp. presence. All samples were cultured on Selenite F broth media and passaged on SS agar and McConkey agar. The suspected colonies were cultured on Urea and TSI agars to be confirmed as Salmonella sp.. Finally, Salmonella isolates were identified genetically and biochemically by PCR and conventional methods, respectively. Serogrouping and Antibiotic resistance profiling were done for further differentiation of isolates. Twenty eight (9.65%) Salmonellas were isolated from (out of) 290 samples. Eight (28.6%), seven (25%), four (14.3%), and two (7.2%) isolates were located in serogroups C, D, B and E, respectively. Seven isolates (25%) belonged to Arizona subspecies and just one non-motile serogroup D Salmonella was isolated. All isolates were sensitive to enrofloxacin, difloxacin, norfloxacin, chloramphenicol and florfenicol, but they were resistant to sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim and neomycin in decreasing order. In addition to former surveys, this study confirmed the role of mice and rats in spreading of Salmonella spp. in poultry farms. In conclusion it is essential to take appropriate measurements (measures) for pest management in poultry houses to approach the prevention of some bacterial infection like (such as) salmonellosis.

Infectious bronchitis (IB) disease is a viral contagious respiratory disease. The causing agent of this disease has several serotypes. In this study, 4.91 type of Infectious bronchitis (IB) was identified. For this, tracheal samples were taken from 18 broiler chickens flocks having respiratory signs suspected to IB disease with one percent mortality in day. After RNA extraction from tissue samples in one step RT-PCR reaction, a fragment of S1 gene was amplified by common primers for all IB viruses. Then RT-PCR product was amplified for identification of 4.91(793/B) type by type specific primers in Nested-PCR. Results showed, 11 out 18 flocks (61.1%) were infected to IB that 45.45% of IB infected flocks were infected to 4.91 types. Therefore it seems 4.91 type of IB has role in forming and complexing of respiratory signs in broiler chickens suffering to respiratory syndrome in Chahrmahal-va-bakhtiyari province and it is necessary to give a suitable controlling strategy for prevention of 4.91 infection.

Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of acute renal failure (ARF), which is faced in many clinical situations. This study was designed to investigate the effect of pre-treatment with Turnip root ethanolic extract (TREE) on kidney histopathology and function markers in renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) induced injury in the rats. A total of 80 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham, IR model and two I/R+ TREE (1% and 2%)-treated groups (n=20 per group). I/R groups’ kidneys were subjected to 60 min of global ischemia at 37oC followed by 30 min of reperfusion. After 24h of reperfusion period, the rats were sacrificed. Kidney function tests and histopathological examination were also performed. Results were compared with a group of rats with sham operation. High serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and uric acid were observed in I/R rats compared to the sham rats. Pre-treatment of TREE extracts for 30 days prior to IR operation improved renal function, reduced IR induced renal inflammatory and oxidative injury. The results of this study showed that TREE significantly prevented renal I/R-induced functional and histological injuries.

Infectious Bronchitis is an acute and highly contagious viral respiratory disease of chickens characterized by gasping, coughing, tracheal rales and nasal discharge. Infected chickens have congestion in trachea and lungs with caseous exudates exudates in the trachea in post mortem examination. Ascites syndrome is a significant cause of mortality in broiler chickens. Gross lesions of this syndrome are cardiac enlargement, hydropericard and ascites. Infectious Bronchitis virus induces repiratory damage and causes ascites in broilers. In this study eight broiler farms that were infected to infectious Bronchitis selected. Blood samples were collected at the onset of infection and ELISA Test was applied for confirmation of infectious Bronchitis. In each farm autopsy was applied, causes of mortality recorded and also feed conversion ratio, total weight and feed consumption were calculated. The percentage of ascites mortality in chickens that were infected to infectious Bronchitis increased significantly than the control chickens. In eight infectious bronchitis infected famrs, percentage ascites mortality was 3% and in non-infected chickens was 0.5%. Total weight in infected (IB) chickens was significantly lower than in healthy chickens. Feed conversion ratio in infected chickens was higher than healthy chickens. There is a positive correlation between Infectious Bronchitis and the rate of ascites incidence.

Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale has been known as a relatively recently discovered pathogenic bacterial agent in broiler and turkey flocks and it causes economic losses to the poultry industry annually. The purpose of this study was survey of seroprevalence of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection in slaughtered broiler chickens in slaughter house of Maragheh, eastern Azerbaijan-Iran. By referring to poultry industrial slaughter house of Maragheh and recording the location of poultry house and the name of the city, a total of 270 blood samples were randomly taken from broiler flocks and then the samples were transferred to laboratory for gaining their sera. ELISA test was performed on sera. A total of 270 samples ( from 27 different flocks) were taken from poultry industrial slaughter house of Maragheh, 10 serum samples(3.7%) were positive, 29 serum samples (10.75%) were suspect and 231 serum samples (85.55%) were negative. This seroprevalence is less than previous reports of other provinces in Iran.

Gypsy King Fish (Chalcalburnus chalcoides) is from the carp family and found largely in the country's water resources. Ligula intestinalis is one of the parasites of this fish. Ligula intestinalis has two intermediated hosts. Cyclops is first intermediate hosts and fish are the second intermediate hosts. Plerocercoid larva can be found in the abdominal cavity of fish. This study was designed to investigate the causes of fish mortality trench Gilan province saungar- Dam in September 2012 was conducted. Were randomly sampled and a total of 65 fish species caught, identified and determined by age and parasitology were performed on them. The results showed that the infection rate 83.08 and 54 fish of 65 fish digit number were infected.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral supplements of zinc and copper on lameness and reproductive performance in dairy cattle. Performance indicators on a dairy farm are very different. In this study which was conducted on 40 Holstein cows at one of Amol's dairy farms, some of these indicators include lameness, abortion; retained placenta and open days were studied. 360 mg zinc and 125 mg copper were added to rations of daily 20 heads of cattle (case group) daily for one year. Control group was given same diet without the supplement. Regular and seasonal blood sampling were done and serum levels of zinc and copper were analyzed. The results suggested that lameness (p<0.01), retained placenta (p<0.05), open day (p<0.05) and abortion (p<0.05) were reduced significantly after treatment. There is a significant difference in these incidence, between case and control group (p<0.01). Due to the simultaneous increase in serum levels of copper and zinc with reduction the incidence of the disease, we conclude that the use of trace elements such as copper and zinc in improving reproductive performance and lameness were useful.