NEW FINDINGS IN AGRICULTURE
Year:2010 | Volume:4 | Issue:3 (15)|Papers Count:9

This study was done as survey type and data were collected by questionnaire. Validity of present study was checked by Chronobach’s Alpha method with 0.86 coefficient which was indicated its constancy. Statistical population were consist of 72 experts of agronomy department of Qazvin Agricultural Jahad Organization. SPSS software was employed to analysis collected data. Results indicated that there was not a significant relationship between time management about rapeseed yield and age, experience, employment condition, educational level of experts. There was a significant relationship between time management about rapeseed yield and training and promotion factors, economic and technical aspects, land preparation, planting and harvesting dates. T-test, also, indicated that there was a significant difference between time management and the variable of expert’s educational courses. Multiple regression analysis showed that the four variables of planting, harvesting, land preparation and breeding operation predicted 42% of rapeseed yield efficiency.

In order to investigate Silicon and potassium application facts on lodging related characteristics and quantity yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.) Tarom Hashemi variety, an experiment was carried out at split-plot in randomized complete block design with four replications at Mazandaran province in 2010. Main factor was silicon rates in four levels including 0, 250, 500 and 750 kg Si/ha and subfactor was potassium rates in four levels including 0, 30, 60 and 90 kg K/ha. Results showed that the all of traits except panicle length, fourth internode length, fourth internode bending moment and harvest index significantly (p£0.01; p£0.05) at the silicon rates. Also stem length, plant height, fourth internode length, fourth internode bending moment, fertile tiller number, grain yield and harvest index significantly (p£0.01; p£0.05) at the potassium rates. None of the investigated traits, not significantly (p£0.01; p£0.05) at silicon rates × potassium rates. The maximum of grain yield (612 g/m2) obtained on 750 kg Si/ha, because most of the tiller number per hill and fertile tiller number due this treatment. The least of the fourth internode bending moment obtained in 90 kg K/ha. Most of the fertile tiller number, grain yield (575.3 g/m2) and harvest index (35.6%) was produced in 90 kg K/ha. Grain yield had been positive correlation with total tiller number per hill and fertile tiller number. Harvest index had been positive correlation with flag leaf length, fertile tiller number and grain yield. Therefore, 750 kg Si/ha and 90 kg K/ha due to as most of yield components, grain yield and harvest index introduced the best of treatment.

To investigating the effect of methanol on growth and yield of Coker 347 type tobacco a factorial design based on RCBD with 4 replications and 18 traits was don during 2008-2009. Factors were considered as the methanol consumption time in as first factor which was consist of three solution spreading surface in the morning (Time 8-10 am) (T1) and noon (Time 12-14) (T2) and sunset (Time 17-19pm) (T3) and the second factor was the amount of methanol consumption as 0, 30, 20, 10, 40, 50 volume percent of methanol. Solution spreading of methanol during the growing season respectively performed at the beginning terms of quick transplants growth, blossom origination and 30 days before illustrating of tobacco plants. Tobacco product harvested in three sorts. Results showed that the LA, chlorophyll and the plant height became significant at the interaction effect of the two factors (p<1%) but the number of leaf in interaction effect became significant at p<5%. Sugar and Nicotine became significant at the factor B (p<5%) but leaf dry weight becomes no significant. Therefore, regarding to these results methanol enhances the quality and quantity of tobacco plant.

This research was conducted to determiner planting date planting density and different level N of fertilizer on the yield and oil percent of spring safflower on Esfahan variety exact 10th at 2010 in Arak region. The experiment was performed in factorial split plat based on RCBD with 4 replications and 48 plot. Treatment were selected as two planting dates (10th of May and 10th of July) and different level of N (46, 92 and 138 kg/ha) and two plant densities (400000 and 800000 plant/ha) hence 800000 plant per hectare executed in double row planting. Result showed that the highest yield was related to 10th of may planting date with 138 kg/ha N fertilizer and plant density of 800000 per hectare by 3101 kg/ha. So highest oil yield was related to 10th of may planting date with 138 kg/ha N fertilizer and plant density of 800000 per hectare by 995.85 kg/ha .lowest oil yield was related to 10th of July planting date with 138 kg/ha N fertilizer and plant density of 400000 per hectare by 432. there for plant density has in crease Effect of oil yield. so according shown result 800000 plant per hectare as comparison 400000 plant per hectare has direct effect in oil yield spring safflower.

Identification of the important seed and oil yield components in safflower is very efficient in genetic improvement of these traits via indirect selection. So, 10 spring safflower cultivars were sown at normal irrigation and drought stress conditions based on RCBD with three replications in research field of Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) branch in 2009. Correlation analysis showed that positive and significant relation of 1000-seed weight, No. seed/plant and oil yield with seed yield and 1000-seed weight, No. seed/plant, seed yield and oil percent with oil yield in drought stress condition. Results of correlation, regression and path analysis designed traits 1000-seed weight, No. seed/plant, No. seed/capitulum and biological yield are the best selection criteria for genetic improvement of seed yield and traits 1000-seed weight and No. seed/plant for oil yield in drought stress condition. In non-drought stress condition, traits 1000-seed weight and No. seed/plant have positive and considerable effects on seed yield and accounted for the largest amount of variation exist in this trait. These traits are the best selection criteria for genetic improvement of seed yield in non-stress condition. Traits 1000-seed weight, days to physiological maturity and No. seed/plant are the most important oil yield components and recommended for breeding of this trait in non-drought stress condition.

This research was done to determine the relationship between grain yield and agronomic traits in rice through path analysis to achieve an appropriate model selection, in order to improve grain yield was conducted on the basis of other traits. In this study, 11 rice cultivars in a RCBD with three replications were studied. The results showed significant and positive relationship between grain yield and harvest index, biological yield, number of panicles per square meter, number of panicles per plant there. Also non-significant negative correlation between grain yield and ear length and half the primary source limitation by eliminating clusters were observed. According to the direct effects of path analysis, a strong and significant from the harvest index (0.976), biological yield (0.911) and number of panicles per square meter (0.845) on grain yield were observed.

To study of plant arrangement effect on yield and its components in two cultivars, Agria and Lady Rosita, an experiment was done in Arak Islamic Azad University in 2007. In this study factorial experimented design based on RCBD was used. Factors were considered as cultivation method in 3 levels (one rowed with 60 cm width furrow, two rowed with 120 cm with furrow and one rowed with 75 cm width furrow, as ordinary cultivation) and two cultivars of potato (Agria and Lady Rosita) with 3 replications. The result showed that the arrangement of cultivation and cultivar have significant effect on the small glands seed glands average weight and the small glands numbers and edible glands numbers and marketable yield and total yield. The cultivar and arrangement effect on components yield and total yield and marketable yield in surface unit was signification, but in single bush yield the distance between rows that is, Lady Rosita cultivar in 60 cm one rowed arrangement with density of 6.6 bushes in m2, produced that highest amount of edible glands and seed glands, In Agria cultivar, offer the decreasing distance between rows and increasing that density from 5.3 to 6.6 bush/m2, the highest amount of small glands with the lowest weight in bush was produced, but there was no significant difference in single bush yield. Due to the results of this study, cultivar Lady Rosita with arrangement of 60 cm one rowed (by 6.6 bushes /m2) is suggested for Arak region.

In order to study the effect of different levels of zeolite and irrigation interval on yield and yield components of potato var. Sante an experiment was conducted in strip plot design base on CRB with 4 replications. It was done in research field of Arak Azad University during 2009. Treatments were 3 levels of zeolite (0, 1500 and 3000 kg/ha) and 3 irrigation intervals (after 5, 10 and 15 days). The weight of dry matter, LAI, tuber yield, number of tuber per plant and chlorophyll index were studied. The result showed that zeolite application have a significant effect on yield, LAI, total dry weight but have no significant effect on number of tuber per plant and amount of chlorophyll index. Using 3000 kg/ha zeolit could increased yield in respect with no zeolit, but has not significant effect on chlorophyll index and number of tuber. Moreover, the irrigation intervals have significant effect on yield, chlorophyll index, number of tuber per plant, leaf area index, total dry weight but the interaction between irrigation and zeolite was not significant in any traits.

The Ravanj sewage treatment plan is in south of Delijan located in Markazi province. Rananj is located in mounted area and stoned layer coursed a dangerous condition because of no water drainage. So, water and sewerage management company decided to solve this problem by evaluation of its treatment. Refining of waste water done by Hans bioshoft package is used. This package is a safe, trouble free and environmentally friendly, has on biological filtering of odors, and can be installed on the ground in different levels. After installation the Hans bioshaft system, BOD and COD for out flow samples were measured. The results shown that the BOD and COD out flow are higher than standard BOD and COD proposed environment standard. We proposed some of recommendation for solving this problem. At the end, the results shown that the BOD and COD out flow were gone to suitable range.