Journal of Arabic Language & Literatureis
Year:2011 | Volume:3 | Issue:166.2.4|Papers Count:7

The main purpose of this research is pondering and explaining the place of women in the process of Palestine’s resistance by analyzing related symbols in Fadwa Touqan’s poetry. She is known as the representative and the exemplary personality of women’s poetry and to some extent her reputation has been in the shadow of the literary characteristic of her brother, Ibrahim Touqan. Fadwa has a prominent role in visualizing the endeavors of Palestine women for fighting against Zionist occupiers. In this paper, it is tried to ponder and analyze the woman’s resistance symbols in her poetry as below:Symbolic unity of woman and motherland.Symbolic presence of Palestinian fighting girls.The reflection of historical stories and myths.

Baha’ Taher is one of the most prominent story writers of Modern Egypt who has ten works. He is a realist author who exploits artificial potential of realism. Our purpose in this paper is to introduce technical and subjective aspects of his fiction. Thus, in first section of this paper we study the trait of plot and conflict in Baha' Taher's works and treat some subjects as story of situation, dramatic novel and civic places in his works and in second section we analyze some contents of his stories  like June revolution, those of mid caste and highbrow, colonialism and Palestine.

Commitment to social issues of human being is a dominant theme in contemporary poetry which introduces poets to the history who make an attempt to depict social concepts and solve the problems of society. Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayyati and Mehdi Akhavan Sales are two prominent poets who move along this atmosphere. They live in two communities with similar social conditions. Due to common beliefs and thinking backgrounds, they have similar viewpoints in confronting existing social issues. This paper aims to review their poetry from an exploratory perspective and discover the examples arisen out of such viewpoints.

Badr Shaker al-Sayyab, the Iraqi poet, and Khalil Hawi the Lebanese poet, both had pessimistic views to their time, its chaotic situation and confused way of life that had been drowned in lag and ignorance and cruelty. Artistically using of the ancestors ' inheritance and myths like fables of Sinbad 's adventures in their poetry, is a good device to show the bitter truths of that time .Even though at first al-Sayyab was hopeful and used the myth to show his campaigning intentions, but not very long later he got a hopeless mood. In fact Sinbad was the description of the poet's mental and carnal pains and also was the echo of Iraq that its political and social structures were to be changed.But Khalil Hawi in one way used this myth to show the pains of himself and his nation but in the other way Sinbad found an other dimension in his mind, and it was turned to a code to make new civilization. So, his Sinbad by facing dangerous adventures and having victory in them, got the purposes that al-Sayyab 's Sinbad hadn't got in one of the hope and despair confront with each other and in another despair has its shade on every thing.

This question may be raised in the  mind of reader of this article that what motivation causes treating the feature of parnassism , in the ode of pre-Islamic Arab poet living hundreds of years before the rise of this school.Did Imru' al-Qais’ belong to the time beyond his contemporary period or the problem is something else? In fact although parnassism is a new name for a special literary school in nineteenth century, but many of it’s features and principles are seen in Arabic poems and particularly in pre-Islamic poems and many of it’s features have been a part of the nature of such insolent poets like Imru' al-Qais’ a poet that like parnassians believes that neither the poem is demonstrative of sublime moral values nor the poet has to observes the social manners and consider the public satisfaction but the important thing in poem is it’s beauty, harmony and it’s being a poem.The authors of this article aim to look for the reality and depth of a poem that embodies an art for the sake of art view and speak about a poet that although some of the critics doubt in his being and his poems but as some of the critics believe he has been the pioneer of pre-Islamic poets.

Ahmad Matar is the prominent Iraqi poet and a committed character of this age who in the contemporary Arab world enjoys great fame. Since the Holy Qur'an and religious texts, are the inspiring references to all Arab poets, Ahmed Matar is no exception. The borrowing of Qura'nic verses and contents in his poetry is due to his understanding and his wisdom in a unique manner. This article intends to answer the following questions:1-What is intertextuality and what does it mean in his poems in relation to the Qur'an?2-The borrowing from the Qur'an in his poems: the apparent phenomenon or hidden?3-The borrowing from the Qur'an in his poems: acceptable or unacceptable?4-Is there any mimic of harmonic form of some Qur'anic verses for ironic criticism?5-Is there any allegorical borrowing in his poems?

The legend of Shahrzad as the most famous legend of One Thousand and One Nights has inspired a significant number of works in the Arab Literature. Being inspired by this work, Tawfigh al-Hakim created his beautiful play called Shahrzad which has been created a magnum opus in play writing by so many literary critics. The analysis of this play and comparison of it with the legend of Shahrzad in A Thousand and One Nights indicates that Hakim has used the character of Shahrzad as the deep structure of his play and through a literary manipulation has succeeded to give his play a symbolic and mystical form and has presented A Thousand and One Nights as the highest type of thought. A comparison of these two literary works shows not only the effect of Persian culture on the literature all over the world but also clarifies similarities and dissimilarities between Persian and Arab culture. The present paper is an attempt to indicate similarities and differences in content and form of the two works through the use of content analysis and comparative method.