JOURNAL OF PLANT ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
Year:2010 | Volume:5 | Issue:3 (19)|Papers Count:8

In this research, the density of diatoms has estimated in coastal waters of Persian Gulf, in Tiab Creek to Bandar Lengeh in October 2003 to September 2004. There were five transects, include Tiab Creek, Fishing Jetty of Bandar Abbas, Nafti Jetty of Bandar Abbas, Bandar Khamir and Bandar Lengeh. Sampling was performed with a Ruttner sampler at three different depths (surface, 2 and 5 m) in three stations in each transects. In this review, 40 genera of diatoms were identified and Nitzchia, Thallassionema and Pleurosigma were identified as the dominant genera. The highest and the lowest diversity of diatoms were in autumn and spring with 39 and 28 genera, respectively. Mean density was 2004 cell per liter and peak of diatoms was in summer (4080 cell per liter) and the minimum was in spring (1914 cell per liter). Maximum of diatoms was observed in Fishing Jetty of Bandar Abbas and Khamir Port, respectively. Diatom’s density was higher in 5 m in compared to 2m and surface waters but there was not significant difference (P>0.05). Results of One – way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and LSD test, showed that there were no significant difference (P › 0.05) in density of diatoms in seasons, but there was a significant difference (P ‹ 0/05) in different transects.

Members of Papaveraceae have varied alkaloids compound and they are important in pharmacological purpose. there physiological, allelopathical and antagonistic properties in these plants pay attentaion less. Recent research pay attention to comparative antioxidant compounds such as anthocyanin, alkaloid, flavonoid and phenol in Papaver chelidonifolium Boiss. & Buhse, Roemeria refracta DC. and Chelidonium majus L.. Plants were gathered during spring (86-88) in Golestan, Mazandaran and Tehran provinces. Then our study was done. Our results showed that, the most anthocyanin, flavonoid and alkaloid belong to shoot of Ch. majus the least anthocyanin and flavonoid are in shoot and root in R. refracta. The most phenolic compound were in the shoot of P. chelidonifolium and root of Ch. Majus and R. reracta has the least phenolic compound in shoot and alkaloid in root too. also P. chelidonifolium has the least alkaloid in shoot and phenolic compound in root.

Geranium genus (Geraniaceae) has 22 annual and perennial species in Iran that four of them have tuberous root. G. persicum as a tuberous species has many variation in leaf, flower and dehiscent of fruit so distinguished of some specimens are difficult. The biosystematic studies consist of morphology, anatomy and micromorphological characters of pollen and seed showed that G. linearilobum is a near species to G. persicum. This species is separated by the differences in reniform leaves, polygonal seed with scalariform sculpture, and presence of druse in pallisad paranchyma. This species distributed in Irano-Turanian region.

The aim of this research was studying of the acclimation of the cyanobacterium Haplosiphon sp. FS 44 to combination effects of carbon dioxide concentration and acidity and alkalinity. This strain seems common but ecophysiologically unexplored in paddy-fields of Golestan province. Axenic strain has been incubated in BG-11 medium. Carbon dioxide treatments were uninoculation and relatively inoculated. In each treatments acidic (pH 5), neutral (pH7) and alkaline (pH 9) conditions have been treated. Survival, growth, chlorophyll, phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, phycoerythrin contents in addition of ammonium liberation, frequency and biometery of heterocysts, have been evaluated in each treatments. Results showed that like other explored stigonematalean and nostocalean cyanobacteria, this strain can not growth in acidic condition. The difference of growth rates seems insignificant between acidic and alkaline conditions but carbon dioxide enrichments cause significant increase of growth rate. Phycobilisome system of this strain lack phycoerythrin and may complete structure both at the core and the rode at alkaline conditions. Heterocyst frequency and biometery reach to maximum rate at the alkaline conditions and seems positive correlation with nitrogenase activity. Heterocyst show cylindrical morphology at the 4th and sub-cylindrical at the 5th after inoculation. Collectively results beside the other cyanobacteria show this strain such potent as been used as biofertilizer.

This study was carried out in order to comparision of oil yield and some agronomi characteristics in prechilling safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) spring cultivars with winter cultivar in field of farahan university in Markazi province in year 2006. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used 10 number of pre-chilling spring cultivars and 18 number of winter safflower cultivar (Padid, S-6-46, LRV-51-13, LRV-51-20, 697, LRV-290, K.W.2, Yenice, LRV-51-11, K.C.72, K.A.72, IL-128, Marand local variety, L.S.P, IL-119, IL-111, Miandoab local variety, Gila, uc-1, LSP, Nebraska-10, Esfahan local variety, Arak-2811, FO2, Davari-2811, ES.68, IL-111 (2), LRV-51-51). Planting date was 2006/10/14. Each plot consisted of 2 rows, 5 m long with 50 cm distance between rows and 5 cm between plants on the rows. In this study characteristics such as: plant height, height of first branch, stem diameter, growth period, oil percent and oil yield were assessed. Results indicated that 697 cultivar with (785.7 kg ha-1), LRV-51-20 cultivar with (600.9 kg ha-1) cultivar and K.C.72 with (484.5 kg ha-1) of oil yield were significantly significantly superior to the other cultivars. The purpose of use pre-chilling spring cultivars were determines new cultivar for winter planting in climate of Farahan region.

Studies shown use of chemical fertilizers such as N fertilizer cause to increase plant growth plant, but have ecological dangerous effects. Therefor use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria that prouduce high auxin can be effective for morphological characteristics improvment, increase growth and environment preservation. In this research, rice seedling of Neda variety inoculated with 5 isolates Psuedomonas (PF1, PF2, PP1, PP2 and PP3) with producing auxin ability and 1 treatment as control in 4 replication. Seeds sown in pots that their soil properties were measured by standard method. Three plants stay per pot after tillering.Leaves N, K content, length and fresh weight of root measured in flowering. Morphological characteristics such as plant height, total fresh weight, and yield and nutrient elements of seeds measured after physiological maturity. Results showed in following seedlings inoculation, root length, root fresh weight, plant height, total fresh weight, leaves and seeds N content and yield increased, significantly. Generaly, these bacteria directly stimulate plant growth through nutritional and physiology mechanisms.

Geographical variation of Carpinus betulus based on leaf and fruit morphology determined by used multivariate analysis, three plant populations of the species from north of iran, consist of Golidagh maravetapeh, loveh minodasht and Hasht par were sampled. Ten trees with at least 100 meters interval distance were selected from north of iran, consist of Golidagh maravetapeh, loveh minodasht and Hasht par from each population, and some of leaf and fruit charecters were determined.leaf samples were collected from middle crown early july Leaves were mixed together. Leaves were selected randomly for detail studies. Results indicated that without leaf length, number of serration and weight of seed, significantly difference among the populations, were seen. First five components justified 79.41 of total observed variance. Length of bract and width of leaf in first component and penducle length and width in second components showed the major role in the observed variance based on principle components analysis. Geographical variation especially in leaf morphology traits in Carpinus betulus is concluded.consisting that leaf length and weight of seed are less effected by environmental factors, they may be used as distinative in identifying Carpinus species.

Due to wide spread of saline soils in our country, Recognized and separated completely the resistant genotypes to saline soils, increase the amount of production capacity. In this research 9 genotypes of sorghum with a forage use cultured in growth chamber, The result shown that fsia+, speedfeed in order have been seeds of America and Australia.And obtain Iranian genotype (ghalami harat) from the genotypes of: speedfeed, fsia+ , Grazer, jumbo, Sugargrazer, SX- 121, STLE and Sudan- 79 has moderate resistance to the salinity. Maintaining the high level of germination with increasing the level of salt concentration well in this research is shown and the following genotypes (fsia+ , speedfeed and ghalami harat) are from the all of genotypes of the research to introduce a resistant and cultivation of the mass of the country to the ministry of Jihad and Agriculture were offered.