Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
Year:2019 | Volume:25 | Issue:3|Papers Count:9

Objectives This study examined the effectiveness of Child-Centered Play Therapy (CCPT) on the internalized and externalized behavioral problems of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). Methods This was a quasi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test and a follow-up design. The study population consisted of all 6-8 years old children with CP in Rafideh Rehabilitation center in Tehran, Iran. Thirty children with CP were randomly divided into two groups of control (n=15) and experimental (n=15). Behavioral problems were measured using Child-Behavior Inventory Test in pre-test, post-test and follow-up phases. CCPT was performed for 16 sessions twice a week in the experimental group. After three months of CCPT intervention, the follow-up test was conducted to examine the continuity, consolidation, and generalization of the intervention results. The obtained data were analyzed by repeated-measures Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA). Results In the post-test phase, CCPT had significant effect on reducing anxiety, depression, offense, and aggression of the children with CP compared to the pre-test scores. Conclusion Given the significant effect of CCPT on reducing the internalized and externalized behavioral problems of children with CP, the results can be used in the pediatric care centers for these children.

Objectives The present study investigated the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and Pain Perception (PP) in people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Methods This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test and a control group design. The statistical population was all individuals with MS referring to the MS Society of Ahvaz, Iran, in 2018. Thirty patients with SFS were selected and randomly assigned into two groups of test and control (15 per group). Moreover, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) (was used to measure chronic fatigue symptoms) and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MGPQ) were used for data collection. The achieved data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) in SPSS. Results The MANCOVA results revealed a significant difference between two groups in the following variables: perception of sensory pain (F=14. 70, P≤,0. 001), perception of pain assessment (F=70. 50, P≤, 0. 01), perception of various pain (F=8. 13, P≤, 0. 001), PP (F=14. 68, P≤, 0. 001, ) and CFS (F=4, P≤, 0. 05). Conclusion The study finding suggested that ACT was effective in reducing the severity of CFS and PP in the experimental group,this reduction has led to a relative improvement in MS condition. Therefore, clinicians working in health centers can use this treatment along with pharmacotherapy.

Objectives The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on the severity of depression, anxiety, stress, and the perception of low back pain after childbirth. Methods This was a quasi-experimental research with a pre-test, post-test and a control group and onemonth follow-up design. The statistical population included all females with chronic postpartum low back pain in Tehran City, Iran. Forty of them were selected by convenience sampling method and were assigned into the experimental (20) and control (20) groups. The study instruments included Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Ossouri's low back pain scale. The samples were followed-up one month after conducting the intervention. A mindfulness training program based on stress reduction was carried out in 8 120-minute sessions once a week for the experimental group. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS. Results The study findings suggested a significant difference between the mean post-test scores of the experimental and control groups. Thus, mindfulness training on chronic low back pain perception had a significant effect at P<0. 01. Additionally, mindfulness training had a significant effect on reducing depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusion Mindfulness exercises are associated with increasing the awareness of the thoughts, feelings, and senses of the patients and their admission. Moreover, these techniques reduced their level of depression, anxiety, stress, and lower chronic back pain perception. Therefore, they can help in designing better healthcare programs for therapists, counselors, and psychologists.

Objectives The present research investigated the effect of schema therapy techniques on the mental health and quality of life in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pre-test, post-test design. Moreover, 36 women were randomly assigned into two groups and received ten training sessions. Research instruments were Mental Health and Quality of Life (to measure the effectiveness of training) Questionnaires. Results There was a significant difference between the two groups in the mental health scores in the components of depression, social function disorder, and anxiety. Moreover, regarding the quality of life test scores, there were significant differences in mental health and physical health components between the study groups. In the follow-up phase, the same results in mental health and quality of life also affected the health environment. Conclusion The training of this method can affect the intended components.

Objectives The current study investigated the mediating role of emotion regulation and empathy between attachment styles and dark personality traits. Methods In total, 350 teenage students from Bushehr schools were selected based on convenience sampling method in the academic year of 2017-18. Then, dark traits test, emotional dysregulation, attachment styles, and empathy were distributed among research participants to respond. Collected data were analyzed by correlation indicators and path analysis in LISREL software. Results There was a significant correlation between the components of dark personality traits, empathy, emotional dysregulation, and attachment styles (P<0. 05). Moreover, path analysis modeling indicated the mediating role of emotional dysregulation and empathy in the relationship between attachment styles and dark traits (P<0. 05). Conclusion The obtained results supported the hypothesis that attachment styles lead to dark traits tendencies and emotional dysregulation. Furthermore, empathy can have a moderating role in this regard.

Objectives Cancer is the fourth leading cause of death in adolescents. Psychological factors play an important role in the development and sustainability, and treatment outcomes of cancer. One of these factors is the attitude towards death. One of the variables that play a fundamental role in the attitude towards death is the quality of the parent-child relationship, which forms the attachment style basis. Therefore, in this research, the structural pattern of death attitude based on attachment styles in adolescents with cancer was explored. Accordingly, we investigated the mediating role of emotional repression and anxiety sensitivity. Methods In total, 150 adolescents with cancer (85 girls & 65 boys) in the Isfahan Province, Iran, referring to Health centers and Ala Cancer Prevention and Control Center (MACSA). They were selected by convenience sampling method. Then, they were evaluated by the following measures: Hazan and Shaver Attachment Style in Adults Inventory, Wong Death Attitude Inventory, Weinberger Emotional Repression Inventory, Anxiety Sensitivity (AS) Inventory. The obtained data were analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results The collected result indicated that attachment quality has a direct and significant relationship with the attitude toward death in adolescents with cancer. Additionally, attachment quality through the mediating role of emotional suppression and anxiety sensitivity had significant relationships with the attitude toward death in this population. Conclusion Attachment styles, emotional suppression, and anxiety sensitivity are the important determinants of attitude toward death in adolescents with cancer. Moreover, the assessed model could explain the attitude toward death in these individuals.

Objectives The current research investigated the mediating role of self-compassion in the connection between object relations and the severity of depression symptoms. Methods This was a descriptive and correlational study. The study sample consisted of 245 male and female students residing in the dormitories of Iran University of Medical Sciences in the academic year of 2017-18. They were selected based on the two-step cluster sampling method. The subjects answered the Bell Object Relations and Reality Testing Inventory (BORRTI), Self Compassion Scale-Long Form (SCS –, LF) and Beck’, s Depression Inventory-Short form (BDI-S). The gathered data were analyzed in LISREL, SPSS, and Mplus. Results The structural equation analysis results suggested that self-compassion plays a mediating role in the connection between object relations and the severity of depression symptoms. Conclusion The study findings revealed that the connection between object relations and the severity of depression symptoms is partly explained by a reduction in self-compassion. These findings help therapists to have a more correct understanding of the etiology of depression.

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the discriminant validity of family adaptability and cohesion evaluation subscales. We investigated families referring to counseling, family courts, substance dependence treatment centers, and healthy and clinically defined cutoff scores for the breakdown of healthy Iranian families. Methods This scale was validated by four psychologists and translated by a professional English translator. After conducting a pilot study on 30 subjects, the necessary corrections were made to the scale. Families from 7 provinces (N=1652 subjects, parents=558, mothers=576, mothers and children=518) responded to the scale. For data analysis, univariate Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and multivariate operating characteristic curves were used. Results The obtained results suggested that family mean normal score in all groups, clinical counseling, substance dependence, and family courts subscales suggested significant differences in terms of adverse life events, family interactions, family satisfaction, integrity, balance, flexibility, intertwined, torn, confused, and frustrated that there is flexibility (P<0. 05). Conclusion The operating characteristic curve analysis to determine cutoff scores revealed the cutoff scores of family adaptability and cohesion evaluation subscales between normal and clinical diagnosis established optimum. Psychometric properties of the Persian version of family adaptability and cohesion evaluation is applicable for psychological research and clinical diagnosis.