Preventive Care in Nursing and Midwifery Journal
Year:2021 | Volume:11 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

Background: Infertility is a painful emotional experience associated with stress. Objectives: The present study aimed at determining infertility-related stress and its associated factors in infertile clients referred to the infertility clinic of Al-Zahra hospital in Rasht, Iran, in 2019. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed on 200 clients undergoing infertility treatment, selected by the convenience sampling method, and completed the Copenhagen multi-centre psychological infertility-fertility problem scales (COMPI-FPSS). Descriptive and inferential statistics (the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square, and t-tests, as well as the Spearman correlation coefficient, AVONA, and multiple linear regression) were used to analyze the data in SPSS version 16. Results: The results showed that the mean total score of infertility stress was 28. 67± 9. 85 in the study subjects. The mean scores obtained in personal, marital, and social domains of COMPI-FPSS were 15. 29± 5. 39, 7. 43± 3. 72, and 5. 95± 2. 47, respectively. A significant difference was observed in the stress score between males and females (P<0. 001). There was a significant relationship between income adequacy (P=0. 005), frequency of unsuccessful infertility treatment (P=0. 001), duration of treatment (P=0. 009), and infertility-related stress. Conclusion: Infertile subjects experienced more stress in the personal domain compared to other domains. Stress scores were significantly associated with gender, financial status, frequency of unsuccessful infertility treatment, and the duration of treatment variables. Therefore, providing counseling services and psychosocial interventions infertility treatment clinics in order to meet the psychological needs of infertile clients is an undeniable necessity.

Background: Obesity is one of the complications focused on by the health systems worldwide, and its social, psychological, and economic outcomes led it to be considered an epidemic and global threat to health. Objectives: The present study aimed at predicting the quality of life (QoL), based on health-promoting and mindfulness lifestyle in pregnant women with obesity, referring to comprehensive health centers in Arak, Iran. Methods: The present descriptive-correlational study was performed on all pregnant women with obesity, referring to comprehensive health centers in Arak, as the statistical population, from July to September 2019, of which 200 subjects were selected by the stratified cluster sampling method, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample size was determined using the Hooman formula. Data collection instruments included the World Health Organization QoL questionnaire (2004), the health-promoting lifestyle profile by Walker et al. (1987), and the mindful attention awareness scale by Brown and Ryan (2003). The Pearson correlation matrix and multiple linear regression test were used for data analysis using SPSS version 24; P-value was 0. 05. Results: The results showed that the variables of health-promoting lifestyle (i e, nutrition 30. 07± 6. 57, exercise 36. 46± 7. 36, responsibility 23. 21± 4. 80, stress management 3. 63± 16. 26, interpersonal relationships 13. 68± 4. 98, spiritual growth 18. 69± 3. 31, and mindfulness 65. 09± 11. 93) could explain QoL (92. 28± 13. 52) in pregnant women with obesity (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The findings support the contribution of underlying psychological mechanisms to QoL. Therefore, considering these variables in preventive measures and designing more effective treatments can help researchers and therapists.

Background: Sexual dysfunction is one of the factors causing adverse effects on marital life. Objectives: Therefore, the present study aimed at predicting female sexual function based on circadian rhythms and anxiety sensitivity. Methods: The present descriptive-correlational study was performed on 378 married women referring to cultural centers in Isfahan, Iran, from September 2019 to March 2020. The multistage cluster and then convenience sampling methods were used to select samples. Data collection instruments included the female sexual function index developed by Rosen et al., morningness-eveningness personality questionnaire designed by Horne and Ostberg, and anxiety sensitivity index developed by Floyd et al. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression with SPSS version 24. Results: The means of age and marriage years of the study participants were 32. 53± 7. 74 and 7. 09± 3. 76 years, respectively. The mean score of their sexual function was 56. 85± 12. 65 and the circadian rhythm 40. 84± 11. 57, and the overall score of anxiety sensitivity 44. 99± 7. 19. The findings also showed that the relationship between sexual function and circadian rhythms was 0. 17 and anxiety sensitivity-0. 18 (P<0. 01). The relationship between sexual function and the components of anxiety-related physical sensations, cognitive dyscontrol, and fear of publicly observable anxiety was-0. 14,-0. 13, and-0. 11, respectively (P<0. 05). In the first stage, anxiety sensitivity could predict 16. 7% of changes in sexual function and circadian rhythms 7. 1% of the mean changes in sexual function (P<0. 001), so it can be said that anxiety sensitivity and morningness personality could predict 24% of sexual dysfunction variation (P<0. 001). Conclusion: The present study findings show that anxiety sensitivity and circadian rhythms are among the factors affecting sexual function; therefore, it is recommended to reduce anxiety and improve sleep quality to treat sexual disorders in married women.

Background: Clinical staff are particularly prone to work-family conflict due to their professional nature and require interdisciplinary collaboration and social adjustment to increase their job motivation and achieving success in teamwork. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the association between social adjustment and work-family conflict as well as organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in hospital clinical staff. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted on all (n=115) nurses and midwives working in Khatam-al-Anbia Hospital in Salmas in 2019. Data were collected using 4 questionnaires of (1) demographic information, (2) social adjustment, (3) work-family conflict, and (4) organizational citizenship behavior. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 by Pearson correlation, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA. Results: Most of the employees were female (84. 5%), married (67. 3%), had a bachelor's degree (90%) and had work experience of 8. 77± 7. 18 years. There was a significant indirect association between social adjustment and work-family conflict (r=-0>. 21, p=0. 05). There was no significant association between social adjustment and OCB (r=-0. 06, p=0. 65). Conclusion: This study demonstrated an indirect association between social adjustment and work-family conflict in hospital clinical staff. Therefore, nursing managers can improve the quality of patient care by developing employees' adaptation skills programs intended to reduce their work-family conflict.

Background: Mothers' awareness of their negative feelings and emotions, such as anxiety and stress, has a powerful impact on improving life satisfaction and reducing children's behavioral disorders. Objectives: The present study was done to investigate the association between spiritual well-being and parental acceptance and child behavioral disorders through the mediation of life satisfaction in mothers of children with hearing impairment. Methods: This research was a descriptive correlational study performed by path analysis. The statistical population included all mothers of children with hearing impairment in Tehran city, of whom 284 cases were selected as the sample using convenience sampling. The research instruments included the Porter Parental Acceptance Scale (PPAS), the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS), Behavior Disorders Questionnaire (BDQ), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The proposed model was evaluated using path analysis by SPSS Amos 24. 0. Results: The results showed that there was a significant association between spiritual well-being and child behavioral disorders (p<0. 01), spiritual well-being and life satisfaction (p<0. 01), parental acceptance and life satisfaction (p<0. 01), and life satisfaction and child behavioral disorders (p<0. 01). There was no significant association between parental acceptance and child behavioral disorders (p>0. 05). The results of path analysis indicated that life satisfaction played a mediating role in the association between spiritual well-being and parental acceptance with child behavioral disorders (p<0. 01). Conclusion: According to the results, the proposed model had a good fit. Accordingly, by strengthening and improving spiritual well-being, parental acceptance and life satisfaction can improve the behavioral disorders of children with hearing impairment.

Background: There are many barriers to self-care behaviors in adult patients with cerebral palsy (CP) that can cause various problems in their daily life and social activities. Barriers to self-care behaviors affect various aspects of adult CP patients’ lives, causing physical, psychological, and social problems. Objectives: The present study aimed to identify the barriers to self-care behaviors in CP patients. Methods: This study was conducted using a qualitative method based on the grounded theory. The participants were selected through purposive sampling among the clients of the Cerebral Palsy Supporters House and Raad Charity Educational Center in Tehran, Iran, in 2020. The participants included six men and nine women with CP, aged 20 to 40 years. The data were collected via semi-structured interviews. After interviewing 15 participants, we reached theoretical data saturation. The interviews were recorded and then transcribed. Data based on Corbin and Strauss’ s theory (2008) were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding. Results: The barriers to self-care behaviors were conceptualized into 39 open codes and seven categories using axial coding. The categories were as follows: “ Psychological barriers to perceiving the importance of self-care behaviors” , “ physical and motor disabilities” , “ dissatisfaction with body shape and appearance” , “ excessive family concerns and support” , “ employment limitations” , “ negative and judgmental views of the society” , and “ economic and financial concerns and uncertainties about the future” . Conclusion: The results showed that barriers to self-care behaviors in CP patients affect their well-being and quality of life. The results of the present study can contribute to our understanding of the barriers to self-care behaviors and help us develop interventions and strategies to educate CP patients and their families.

Background: Sexual problems are very prevalent in climacteric periods due to hormonal, social, and physiological changes, and sexual dysfunction of women can affect women’ s self-confidence, marital relationship, and quality of life. Objectives: This study was done to investigate the relationship between urinary incontinence, vaginal dryness, prolapse, hot flush, and education with the sexual function of menopause women. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 408 women who were referred to health care centers in Zanjan, Iran between 2018 and 2019. Sampling was performed using a systematic randomized sampling method. Data collection tools were a checklist consists of questions about socio-demographic and reproductive information and the 19-item Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 through regression analysis and a P-value<0. 05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of women was 47. 90± 3. 57 years. This study found the relationship between sexual function score and urinary incontinence (β =0. 18, t=3. 70, p<0. 001), vaginal dryness (β =0. 27, t=5. 73, p<0. 001), prolapse (β =-0. 14, t=-2. 97, p<0. 001), and hot flush (β =0. 16, t=3. 35, p<0. 001); however, there was no relationship between primary and university education with sexual function score (p<0. 343 and p<0. 894, respectively). Conclusion: Based on the finding of this study, some factors, such as urinary incontinence, vaginal dryness, and hot flush were associated with lower sexual function scores and prolapse was correlated with a higher score of sexual function. There was no significant correlation between sexual function and education level.

Background: Early detection and management of hypothermia are determinants in the consequences of the injury. Various factors are involved in the progress of accidental hypothermia in these patients. Objectives: This study was done to determine the prevalence of accidental hypothermia and its related factors in trauma patients admitted to the emergency department (ED). Methods: In this prospective observational study, 123 trauma patients, who were transferred to the ED of Ayatollah Mosavi hospital, Zanjan, Iran by emergency medical technicians during November 2018, were selected. The patients' core body temperature (CBT) was measured through a calibrated tympanic thermometer on admission, 30 minutes after admission, and at the time of leaving the ED. Personal, clinical, environmental, and caring variables were evaluated as factors associated with hypothermia. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression by SPSS16. The significance level was considered to be 5%. Results: The prevalence of accidental hypothermia in the ED was 43. 1%. The patient's arrival CBT (β : 0. 333, P-value <0. 001), the length of stay in the ED (β :-0. 174, P-value =0. 011), arrival ambient temperature (β : 0. 165, P-value =0. 039), and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) (β : 0. 413, P-value <0. 001) were the risk factors identified as predictors of hypothermia. Conclusion: A significant proportion of trauma patients were hypothermic on admission to the ED. Arrival CBT, length of stay in the ED, arrival ambient temperature, and GCS had a significant role in the development or exacerbation of hypothermia. The results of this study highlight the need for giving special attention to the early detection and management of accidental hypothermia among trauma patients in the ED.