QUANTITATIVE RESEARCHES IN MANAGEMENT
Year:2010 | Volume:1 | Issue:1|Papers Count:7

Quantitative research is the application of quantitative research techniques to the field of management. Quantitative research is a formal, objective, systematic process in which numerical data are used to obtain information about the world. This research method is used to describe variables, examine relationships among variables and determine cause-effect interactions between variables. Numbers, anything that is measurable, Statistics, tables and graphs, are used to present the results of these methods of research. The goal of this paper is to provide readers with an introduction to different types of research methods including quantitative and qualitative approaches.

Main duty of commercial bank in Iranian Banking System is mobilization of resources and its allocation in form of granting financial facilities. In such a way that banks' resources are belonging to depositors and bank is only as attorney and trustee of people to use their deposit. In time of granting facilities, all aspects of demand for receiving such a facilities should be taken into consideration to minimize default risk which holds considerable importance and is duty of credit and financial institutions in better use of resources and minimize probable risk like credit risk which is the most important danger. Meanwhile, the main question regarding the present research is that: Is there any meaningful relationship between credit risk indexes and repayment of clients undertaking? To response this, we want to determine indices of credit risk which holds the most important correlation with repayment (Refund) of clients' undertaking and develop a model for credit decisions containing a score determining applicants credit risk. To do this, financial and credit reports of the years from 1999 to 2003 of manufacturing companies which have been benefited from long term installment sales of Bank Mellat were used. Multi variables analysis showed meaningful relation between credit risk indices and performance of borrowers' undertaking and a model was generated via Audit Analysis Method present for measuring credit status of manufacturing companies using Bank Mellat loans.

This research has been done for studying and explaining the relationship between of psychological empowerment dimensions with personnel creativity. The research is descriptive from objective approach and data collection method is survey research and from data analysis method approach is correlation research. The statistical population is the personnel in Engineering and Technical Service firms in Tehran and selected 200 firms as statistical sample by using of judgment sampling of nonprobability sampling methods. It is used from questionnaire for collecting the required data of psychological empowerment e dimensions and personnel creativity and used Pierson correlation and multi regression methods for analyzing data. Results show there is right and strong correlation between psychological empowerment dimensions with personnel creativity. Also, the share of psychological empowerment of employee dimensions in predicting personnel creativity is, approximately, 51 percent.

Based on momentum investment strategy, in spite of efficient market hypothesis, in specific date period each share has specific behavior method of profitability and with an appropriate strategy that match specific date period, one can achieve return on investment higher than market ROI. The purpose of this research is investigation of momentum investment strategy profitability. Researches show that there is momentum or continuation of return in 3.till 12 month period in common stock returns behavior and therefore applying momentum strategy can increase the return of investment. Profitability of this strategy has proved in many developed and some emerging markets. In this research we investigate the return of applying momentum strategy in Tehran stock exchange (TSE). This survey shows that momentum strategy is profitable in Iranian emerging stock market. The statistical population is all companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Some companies were listed in TSE and their shares were traded at least one time from 2004 to 2009 were selected as sample of this research. Research findings show that in any momentum investment strategies that analyzed, average of monthly return of winner portfolio in a specific time horizon is higher than average of monthly return of loser portfolio. Also this findings show that such winner portfolio that has best performance in 3, 6 or 12 month period continue its own performance.

Today's changing global environment have caused some challenges and problems in organization decision making processes. This is more relevant in strategic and long-term decisions. Although decision making is one of the most important works of management, few researches have been done about it and its determinants. Some researches have been done regarding the impact of managers risk taking on decision making process or its relation with the quality of decisions and they have reached to different results. For example, Hit and Taylor believe that there is no meaningful relationship between the amount of managers' risk taking and decision making process meanwhile Papadakis et al. found meaningful and reverse relation. This research has assessed the impact of managers' risk taking on the quality of decision and the role of rational decision making process has been considered as a confounding variable. The result from 102 questionnaire in Tehran food companies show meaningful impact of managers' risk taking on the quality of decisions and describes it.

The economic growth depends on the investment amount in each country. Establishment of big companies looking for gathering people's saving and conducting them to manufacturing goals will result in economical growth, increase the national impure production, job provision, increase the individual salary and finally public welfare. Risk and return of companies are affected by different factors such as Operating Cash Flow and net income. These may impact on companies' performance and result in some changes in return of their stocks. This research focuses on impact of operating cash flow and net income on stock returns of automobile manufacturing companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). In this research, the relation between two above-mentioned factors is investigated for 27 listed companies in TSE that has been working there consistently in time period of 2004-2008. For This purpose panel data is used to investigate the relation between stock return and Operating Cash Flow and net income. The results show the positive relation between stock return and net income.

Gathering performance data and its suitable usage will improve performance. The quality of management is depended on the quality of organizational decisions and perceptions. Also quality of organizational decision and perception is related to information quality and again the quality of information is attached to the quality of measurement and its appropriateness. A suitable performance evaluation system should control and monitor the performance of organizations; units in order to enable them to achieve the organizational strategic goals.' Choosing the best performance evaluation system has been done by experts' opinion and assessed by TOPSIS Fuzzy Method. It has been used from questionnaire for testing causal relation and from SPSS software to process data. The study showed that Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is the best method and its faults were solved.