Journal of Dental School
Year:2009 | Volume:27 | Issue:3 (81)|Papers Count:8

Background and Aim: An accurate imaging technique has an important role in implantology. Presence of sinus in the posterior maxilla is a limiting factor for implant insertion in this area. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the relationship between alveolar ridge and sinus. The aim of the present in vitro study was to compare the accuracy of Cranex Tome Spiral and ProMax linear tomography to assess bone quality for the preoperative planning of implants in the posterior maxilla. Materials & Methods: Tomographs were taken from 3 dry human skulls using both units. Three sites were selected in each side of posterior maxilla and marked with orthodontic wires meaning a total of 24 sites (12 sites for each unit). Bone height and width were measured first on the tomography and then on the skulls after sectioning. In order to compare the measurement values between both units and to compare them with the values obtained from gold the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient of reliability (ICC) was used. Results: The minimum Intraclass correlation coefficient of reliability was 0.569 in two times measurements of width for ProMax, and the maximum of this coefficient was 0.950 in two times measurements of height for Spiral. The mean difference between the real measurements and the height measurements of both units were less than 0.3 mm and for the width measurements were less than 0.5 mm of the real measurements. This study showed in both units, the height measurements were more accurate than the width measurements and all the measurements by Spiral were more valid then those of ProMax. Conclusion: Generally quantitative accuracy of Spiral unit was found to be higher than ProMax unit. Both units proved to be sufficient for quantity measurements. Adjustment an individual imaging plane for each site of tomography increases the accuracy. The most distal sites of Spiral unit may need separate adjustment other than manufacturer demands.

Background and Aim: Complete control of intra- oral moisture is difficult to achieve. To minimize the deleterious effects of contaminated enamel on bonding, some authors have advocated the use of adhesive systems under the sealant. The aim of this study was to compare the microleakage of two self- etch adhesive and the one- bottle adhesive used in pit and fissure sealant with or without saliva contamination. Methods and Subjects: Sixty extracted non- carious upper premolar teeth were assigned to the six groups of 10 teeth. Group1: acid + saliva+ Single Bond+ sealant, Group 2: acid+ Single Bond+ sealant, Group3: saliva + S3 Bond + sealant, Group4: S3Bond+ sealant, Group5: saliva+ Protect Bond+ sealant, Group 6: Protect Bond + sealant. The teeth were thermocycled (1000 cycles, 5-55° c) and immersed in 2% basic Fuchsine dye for 24 hours. Then the teeth were sectioned and examined with a stereomicroscope under X40 magnification. The results were evaluated with Kruskal- Wallis and Dunn. Results: Group 2 had lower microleakage scores than group 4 and 6. Also, group 6 has the lower microleakage scores than group 4 and generally an increase in micro leakage was observed in each group related to contamination. Conclusion: The findings showed that the best technique of sealant therapy in saliva contaminated and non-contaminated condition is the use of acid-etching and bonding agent and so the use of self-etch adhesive, is not advised.

Background and Aim: The number of patients with chronic renal failure is increasing every year. There are some controversies about the risk of cariogenic and periodontal diseases in these patients. This study was conducted to delineate the relationship between hemodialysis and transplant with oral microbial flora. Methods &Patients: Three groups included in our study: 1/ Hemodialysis patients with being at least 6 months under dialysis procedure, 2/ Transplant patients, being transplanted for more than 2 years and 3/ controls with normal BUN and Creatinine. Bacteriological study: staining & culture used for diagnosing aerobic & anaerobic bacteria SPSS15, Chi-square, variance and t tests were used to compare the mean of microflora between groups. Results: Candida was significantly higher in dialysis group (1.29) and transplant group (1.26) comparing controls (0.52) (P= 0.05). There was no significant difference in count of other micro organisms (streptococci, Lactobacilli, Porphyromunas) between groups. Conclusion: Candida was higher in hemodialysis and transplant groups comparing with control group.

Background and Aim: Neurovascular bundle mandibular canal is one of the most important landmarks in mandible. It is necessary to know complete understanding of its topography and variations. The aim of this study was to assessment of anatomy of mandibular canal in panoramic view. Materials &Methods: In this Cross-Sectional study 394 panoramic view of patients with age 25-53 years old were selected. A data sheet containing age, sex, length and width of mandibular canal and distance of it from mandibular border line was completed. T test and Pearson and SPSS15 soft- ware used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age was 34.59±6.79 years. The length and the width of mandibular canal were 77.4±3.8 mm respectively. The distance between mandibular canal and borderline of mandible was 13.9 mm. there was significant differences between mental foramen to borderline of mandible. There was also significant correlation between age and sex and width of mandibular except second molar furcation area. Conclusion: According to these finding all dentists consider their patients' panoramic view much more carefully to avoid unwanted neurovascular bundle injuries.

Background and Aim: Xerostomia is a common complication of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer which can increase the risk of oral and dental disease and negatively affect patients' quality of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of Iranian Made Saliva Substitute vs. VA-OraLube in improvement of Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life. Materials & Methods: This study was a randomized double-blinded, crossover clinical trial. 27 patients(49.1±4.7 years) with post-radiotherapy xerostomia were randomly allocated to receive either Iranian Made Saliva Substitute or VA-OraLube, or vice versa, each product for 1 week, with a 10 day wash-out period in between. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Questionnaire Head and Neck Cancer Module (EORTC-QLQH& N35) was completed by patients at days 1,8,18 and 25. To compare the groups the repeated measurement analysis of variance test was used then comparison of paired was performed by t-paired test. Results: Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life score has been changed almost the same degree by both VA-OraLube and Iranian made saliva substitute and both treatments were effective. But none of them affected pain relief. A trend was seen for VA-OraLube to improve senses. Conclusion: With regard to significant improvement in Standard score in different group of questionnaire after using saliva substitute, both saliva substitutes were effective in alleviating the symptoms of xerostomia and helping patients to have better life.

Background and Aim: Oral mucositis frequently occurs in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy. It is hypothesized that Oral Cooling with ice chips or cubes cause local vasoconstriction thus cause less exposure to agents & then mucositis development. In this study, this theory was examined on 14 patients in 3 consecutive cycles in which stomatitis developed in the 1st cycle of treatment. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the Ice-Therapy (mouth-cooling) in prevention or decreasing symptoms of chemotherapeutic-related stomatitis. Patients & Methods: Date was obtained on a total of 100 out-patients initiating chemotherapy regimens. The patients reported different rates of stomatitis received ice cubes in their 2nd cycle of treatment during the drug infusion & a few minutes after it. In the next cycle, the same patients were evaluated without mouth cooling. The severity of mucositis were measured based on the patient's judgment & scaled on WHO grading system in the 7th & 10th days. Statistically, comparison of severity rates of mucositis between 3 consecutive cycles were performed by mean, p value, GAMMA coefficient & Friedman test. Results: Statistical approach of data between 3 cycles determined that severity rates of mucositis have been decreased significantly between 1st& 2nd cycles (p<0.01, gamma coefficient: 65%) But this relationship has not been obtained in comparison between 2nd & 3rd cycles so it has been speculated that Oral Cooling has no useful effect on the prevention of chemotherapy-induced mucositis. Conclusion: Oral Cooling has no evidence of benefit in improvement or decreasing of the chemotherapy induced lesions.

Background and Aim: Salivary gland tumors are rarely reported comprising 2-3% of head and neck neoplasms. About 75% of salivary gland tumors are benign and 25% are malignant. Major salivary glands include parotid, submandibular and sublingual while minor salivary glands distribute through submucosa of palate, lip and buccal mucosa. The present study was done to evaluate salivary gland tumors in patients referred to Loghman hospital during 1997-2007. Materials & Methods: In this retrospective descriptive study, patients with salivary gland tumors were studied by means of existing data technique. Data collection sheet included gender, age, location and size of tumor, clinical and pathologic diagnosis, pathological diagnosis and treatment. The histopathological analysis of all cases was meticulously reviewed and classified by 3 expert pathologists. Descriptive analysis was used for the analysis. Results: Forty four patients were found with salivary gland tumors. 36.4% of them were females and 63.6% were males. Benign tumors calculated about 72.7% and malignant tumors as 27.3%. The most common tumors were pleomorphic adenoma (70.4%), warthin tumors (2.2%), and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (11.3%) was the most common malignancies. Parotid (77.2%) was the most common site following by submandibular gland (11.3%) and palate with 11.3% occurrence. The size range of tumors was 1-9 cm with the average size of 2-4cm. Conclusion: Pleomorphic adenoma was the most common benign tumor and mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most malignant tumor resembling the other studies done in the field.

Background and Aim: Treatment and management of teeth with furcation involvement is one of the most challenging problems confronting dentist. The aim of this case report was to evaluate the result of a mesio-distal tunnel preparation on a maxillary second molar. Materials & Methods: This treatment was done for a 52year old white man in a good general health. After raising a full thickness flap on the upper left sextant of mouth, the furcation of tooth # 15 was widened by a # 2 round bur and bone file. Osteoplasty continued by bur, file, and chisel until enough space was created for interdental brush use to control dental plaque. Prosthodontic treatment was done 4 months after the periodontal therapy. Results: After 3 years, the treated tooth is still functioning in the mouth of patient. We are satisfied with the result of treatment. Conclusion: This heroic technique could not be considered as a regular treatment modality for any tooth or any patient. Some requirements are considered necessary for this kind of preparation.