Medical Ethics
Year:2015 | Volume:9 | Issue:31|Papers Count:8

Due to the load of clinical services done by medical interns and residents, their errors can cause harm to patients, so their viewpoint toward error disclosure has particular importance. This research was a cross sectional study. All medical interns and residents in Kerman medical school selected through census method. Data was collected using a questionnaire containing demographic data and questions about the experience of medical errors, results of medical errors, reasons for concerns about disclosure of medical errors and questions about student view point toward error disclosure. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed and its reliability was determined using Alfa cronbach 0.8. Mean and standard deviation of view point score calculated and compared by independent T test. Two hundred seventy three questionnaires were completed.92% of participants stated that they have experienced medical error. The mean and standard deviation of participants' viewpoint score was 57.70±17.20. There was no significant difference between the mean scores of interns and residents. Experience of medical error is common among medical interns and residents. Education systems should enhance the competency of interns and residents to prevent the occurrence of any error as well as development of a positive attitude to help them how to deal with medical error.

Moral distress in educational environments can be associated with multiple effects. Students who faced with this ethical challenge feel insecurity and dissatisfaction and so school dropout and failure will be increased in them.Low quality of teaching in these conditions could potentially cause a lack of scientific and clinical sufficiency and thus the performance of health systems to achieve the health goals will be at risk. This study aimed to assess the students' moral distress in Birjand paramedical school students. The Cross -Sectional study took on 600 students of paramedical school who were selected by census. To collect data, it was used a questionnaire of 20 questions. The validity and reliability of this questionnaire was evaluated and Cronbach's Alfa was calculated 81 percent. Data were collected by Spss16 software and were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics.The findings showed that the average of moral distress from total score was 0-5, (3.12±0.88) in the intensity and (3.55±1.2) in the frequency. There was a significant relationship between moral distress with years of educations and sex (P>0.05). Moderate level of moral distress in students requires the planning and some actions asstudents’ awareness to this phenomenon.Identification and control of this phenomenon in educational environments and investigating its reasons may play an important role in the control of this phenomenon and the prevention of its adverse effects in future.

Background: Mental health disorders are creating many psychosocial problems for nurses. Also, respect of professional ethics is an innate caracther in nursing practice. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between mental health and respect of professional ethics among nursing staff.Method: In this descriptive and correlation study, the samples consisted of 195 nursing staff that were working in 2 governmental hospitals in Ahvaz. These hospitals were selected through simple randomized sampling method. Samples were selected through census sampling. Data were gathered by personal data scale, professional ethics scale and mental health scale) Symptom Check List-SCL90). Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics.Findings: Results showed that respect of professional ethics among nursing staff were 64.1% (relatively good), 21.5% (bad) and 14.4% (good). Dimensions of mental health including anxiety (R=-0.321), depression (R=-0.338) and psomatic complains (R=-0.292) had a significant relationship with professional ethics (P<0.05).Conclusion: Since professional ethics has a significant relationship with mental health, nursing managers should pay attention to professional ethics concept which leads to effected mental health of nursing staff.

Nurses are faced with challenging ethical issues, and this is making hard making decisions for them. The aim of this study was to determine respect to ethics in performing invasive procedures in educational hospitals in Zahedan University of medical sciences. This study is cross - sectional study and samples were included 200 nurses working in adults parts of selected hospitals. The research instrument was a questionnaire and checklist questionnaire including demographic information about the subjects. The checklist includes 15 questions or desired behavior on the performance in the process of bloodletting venipuncture. Researchers with refer to the adults parts and access to specimens, gave the questionnaires to the data units and then they completed related checklist separately for two observations for at least 15 days, each time for a fulltime work. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and chi-square tests, exact Fisher's test and Pearson correlation. Results showed that the high percentage of research units have had bad performance in ethical process. So it is suggested that managers, planners and who training nursing pay attention to respect to professional ethics by nurses with educational programs during working, educational workshops and formulate needed policies.

Training ethical concepts has a crucial role in promotion of moral sensitivity in nurses. Debate to select most effective method of teaching ethics in nursing continues. Present study was aimed to compare the effects of ethical training based on two methods: narrative ethics and lecturing on moral sensitivity of nurses. Fifty-six nurses from two educational hospitals in Birjand participated in this randomized control field trial research. The demographic characteristics questionnaire, and Lutzen's Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire were completed by nurses in the three Tims (before, after and three month after the intervention). Then four sessions (each 3 hours) of ethical training with one week interval for two groups of narration (28 participants) and lecture (28 participants) were conducted.Data were analyzed by SPSS-16 software. Two methods of narration and lecture significantly increased the nurses' moral sensitivity in each group (respectively p<0.001, p=0.01). Despite the higher mean score of moral sensitivity in narration group rather than the lecture group, moral sensitivity did not show a significant difference (p=0.70). The mean score of moral sensitivity 3 months after the intervention showed a statistically significant decrease than after it in both groups.(P=0.00) Concerning the results of this study, a combination of these two methods can lead to useful outcomes.

Introduction: The nature of nursing is such that we have to pay attention to care ethics more than therapeutic considerations. A nurse should be able to justify why he / she has chosen an action and has disregarded other solutions. Indeed he / she should be sensitive to concepts and positions. This study aimed to comparison of sensitivity of nurses and nursing students working in Aja University of medical sciences.Method: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study during 4 months in 1393.105 students who studied in fifth semester and higher were selected by census and 77 nurses who worked in hospitals related to Artesh University of medical sciences were selected by sampling available to study environment. Data was collected by using MMSQ (kim) ethical sensitivity questionnaire that its reliability and validity was studied and analyzed by descriptive statistics and statistical tests appropriate to the aims.Results: The mean and standard deviation of the ethical sensitivity was 3.54±0.41 in nurses and 3.45±0.34 in nursing students. The comparison of the two groups using an independent T test showed no significant difference (p=0.1) Conclusion: Ethical sensitivity level in students and nurses was higher than average. According to effect of ethical sensitivity to selecting appropriate solution and its outcomes on patients, this study requires effort of authorities to promotion of ethical sensitivity in caring.

Introduction: Nursing care is an essential component of health services and ethics in nursing is very important in health care. The inherent responsibility in nurses is respect to moral values and human rights.The purpose of this research was prioritizing of nursing ethics values using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and determining rate of observance them in a teaching hospital related to Tehran University of Medical Sciences.Method: This descriptive-comparative study was done in the first semester of 1391 in a hospital related to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The questionnaire was designed using AHP and completed by nursing ethics experts. Another questionnaire was designed that consisted of demographic information and 37 questions about the values and principles of nursing ethics that were completed by 100 patients and 100 nurses. The data was collected by a validated and reliable questionnaire and were analyzed by the «SPSS 16».Results: The results indicated that responsibility, respect to the privacy of patients and respect to Client/ Patient were assigned priority in the first to third. Also there was statistically significant difference between nurses' and patients' viewpoints about respecting nursing ethics values (p=0.001).Conclusion: Nurses' viewpoints about respecting nursing Ethics were higher than patients'. It is suggested that managers of nursing evaluate the nurse's performance in observing nursing Ethics and should provide educational programs in the field to improve quality of nursing Care.

Unawareness of nurses about ethical and legal issues in elderly care would cause physical and mental damage in elderly. This study was conducted in Kashan during 2013 to evaluate the nurses’ knowledge of ethical and legal issues related to the elderly care.A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 nurses working in the hospitals of Kashan University of Medical Sciences. Data collected by a questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted to demographic data and had 25 questions on ethical and legal issues in elderly care and a question regarding the most ethical errors in elderly care from nurses' perspective. Data were analyzed using Mann-whitney U and Kruskal-wallis testes. Overall, knowledge of ethical and legal issues in elderly care was suboptimal. A significant relationship was observed between nurses' knowledge of ethical and legal issues in elderly care with their levels of education (P=0.001) and having or not having training in the field of aging and the nurses' knowledge on ethical and legal issues in elderly care (P=0.001).Giving the standard care is dependent on nurses' knowledge; it is recommended that the necessary training programs to be conducted through workshops and continuing education.