JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOBIOLOGY IRAN
Year:2010 | Volume:7 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Rinderpest (RP), popularly known as cattle plague, is one of the oldest known acute and fatal viral disease of domestic livestock like cattle. Rinderpest virus (RPV), causative agent of rinderpest disease, was purified and concentration of its protein determined by lowry assay, and the concentration of RPV protein solution and separated surface proteins was determined 1536 and 329.5 µg/ml respectively. Hemagglutinin (H) protein of RPV separated by using Triton x-114 detergent. The H protein had an apparent molecular mass of 69 KD as measured by SDS-PAGE, with respect to molecular weight marker, at the end of, Immunogenenicity of this protein determined by SDS-PAGE and western immunoblotting by specific mAb for it. Immunogenic properties of recombinant baculovirus expressing the membrane-bound H protein have been shown, but separation of H protein of RPV by using detergent and investigation of its immunogenicity are novel works completely.

In the present study, the incidence rate of hepatic trematodes infection in slautered native ruminants of Behshahr and relationship between egg excretion and severity of the infection were evaluated. 1280 sheep, 318 goats and 420 were studied. Totally, infection to Fasciola and Dicrocoelium dendriticum were 1.4% and 4.84% in sheep, 2.2% and 3.78% in goats and 10.24% and 2.14% in cattle, respectively. Statistical analysis did not show significantly relationship between infection of hepatie Fasciola to age and sex; there was no correlation between hepatie infection to dicrocoeliasis and sex of animals. Relation corresponding age variable in sheep and goats unlike cattle was significant. No eggs isolated from sheep and goats in 44% of sheep and goats with different severity of the infection and in 56% of rest, 1 to 3 eggs per gram feaces with a maximum of infection to four worms were isolated. Statistical analysis showed that correlation between the severity of infection to Fasciola and rate of egg excretion was significant in sheep and goats, but did not show in cattle. Moreover, there was no significant relationship between severity of the infection to dicrocoeliasis and rate of egg excretion in Goats and sheep, but it was in cattle. Inspite of the most practical method to detection infection trematodes is stool exam and observation of their eggs, our finding reveal that this method may be not reliable.

The objective was to study on leukocytes characteristics of Huso huso stained by cytochemical stains in order to classify these cells more accurately. The samples were taken from Sturgeon propagation centers in the north part of Iran. 10 fish were selected randomly from each age group (fingerling, 1, 2, 3 and 7 years) and blood samples were taken from caudal vein using syringes with no anticoagulant. Blood smears were prepared immediately and fixed by methanol. The smears then stained using cytochemical staining according to the Sigma-Aldrich instructions.Neutrophils and eosinophils were positive for Sudan black B. Neutrophils were positive for Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) but eosinophils showed a weak reaction to PAS. In acid phosphatase staining, eosinophils showed a weak reaction and lymphocytes were positive. Neutrophils and eosinophils were positive for peroxidase. Eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes showed a weak reaction to a-naphtyl acetate esterase and showed a weak to positive reaction to β-glucoronidase. No heterophil was seen in the Huso huso and neutrophils were regarded as the most phagocytic cells in the speicies.

Mammary tumors are the most common tumors in female dog. There are some reports of occurrence of mammary gland tumor in most dog breeds in the world. There is little information of occurrence rate and kind of mammary gland tumor in dog in Iran. In surgical and pathologic studies has been addresses occurrence rate and kind of mammary gland tumor in referral afflicted dogs from 2003-2008.130 bitches of various breeds, from 19 months to 14 years were referred to private pet clinic. Mammary tumors were seen 93 in toy-breed bitches and 37 in large-breed bitches. Elective ovariohystrectomy and tumor removal were carried out after owners' permission. Tumor mass and ovaries were sent pathologic laboratory.Tumors that have been described in this study included serosal adenocarcinoma (47), squamous cell carcinoma (31), papillary adenocarcinoma (18), solid adenocarcinoma (18) and benign mix tumor (16) were.This study showed that occurrence of tumors in toy and large breed bitches was corresponded to other reports.

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a well-known environment pollutant toxic to the nervous tissue, particularly during development. At a low concentration Methylmercury chloride (MMC) can be transferred to the fetus through the placenta and to newborn offspring through breast milk. The purposes of this study were to evaluate ultrastructural alteration in the cerebellum of newborn rat on the 25th postnatal days. Adult Female wistar rats were inoculated with MMC (0.5, 4.5, 10mg/kg /Hg/day) on the 12th, 13th and 14th gestational days. The newborn offspring were placed with the mothers until postnatal day 25. Newborn rats were observed for clinical signs and motor behavior daily. No changes were observed in the clinical signs and motor behavior of these animals. Half of cerebellums were fixed with 2.5% gluteraldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer and routinely processed for electron microscopy and another sample of cerebellum fixed in formalin buffer 10% solution and processing for paraffin section light microscopy and TUNEL assay test.The component cells of the cerebellum male offspring in the 0.5, 4.5, 10 mg /kg groups showed reduction of granular cells layer and apoptosis in neuron cells.ultrastructural study showed chromatin migration to the edge of nuclei, dilation of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes to shed from the surface of RER. Mitochondria were rounded with condensed matrical spaces and expanded intercristal space. And the matrix was condensed.Our observation confirm that MMC induces neuronal injury and apoptosis in cerebellum.

Cholestasis stops the flow of bile from the liver to the deudenum. Cholestasis is associated with the over production of endogenous nitric oxide (NO), and water intake disturbances are commonly encountered in these patients. The purpose of this study was to determine whether elevation of endogenous NO effects on water intake alterations in cholestatic pationts.42 mature male rats were randomly divided into 7 groups (N=6) one control group (C), three sham B (B1, B2, B3), and three experimental groups A (A1, A2, A3). After preparation and anesthesia, double ligations were placed on common bile duct in experimental groups, and a loose ligation was done on common bile duct in sham groups. In subgroups A1 and B1, Aminoguanidine (100 mg/kg, IP, for 21 days), in subgroups A2 and B2, N-nitro-L arginine methyl ester (L-Name) (10 mg/kg, IP, for 21 days) and in subgroups A3 and B3 and group C, normal saline 0.9% (the same volume, IP, for 21 days) was administrated. Water intake volumes in all groups were detected daily. Data was analysed by Tukey's test and ANOVA. Statistical analysis showed that water intake increased in subgroup A1 and A2 (p<0.001), but water intake decreased in subgroup A3.Results showed that increase endogenous NO may have an important role on decrease of in water intake in cholestatic rats.

Since dermatologic cases are among the most common cases to be presented for veterinary clinicians, skin biopsies have become a routine diagnostic procedure for accurate diagnoniss.Based on the reason recognitions of skin lesions is necessary. The purpose of this study was to recognize and determine these patterns and to estimate relative frequency of nonneoplastic skin disease in dogs. 158 skin specimens were collected and have put in 10% buffered formalin. After complete fixation, the specimens were processed through standard paraffin embedding method and were cut for five µm thickness; the samples were stained with Hemotoxylin & Eosin and special stains such as PAS, if necessary. The sections were evaluated histopathologically and their basic patterns were determined. Then the data were analyzed statistically. Results showed all the basic patterns of nonneoplastic skin lesions, however prevascular dermatitis pattern was the most frequent type (33%) and vasculitis pattern was the least (1%).In addition, patterns including, Interface dermatitis(13%), Nodular&pustular dermatitis(5%), Atrophic dermatosis (23%), Fibrosing dermatitis(7%) and perifolliculitis, folliculitis, frunculosis (13%,) were seen.

Gongylonemu pulchrum Molin, 1857, is a spirurid nematode that parasitizes a variety of mammals worldwide. This nematode has an indirect life cycle and definitive hosts are infected by eating infected beetles. The nematode inclined to have the upper digestive tract. There are 31 reports of human infection by Muller. The present study was performed on 141 sheep were slaughtered in Babol abattoir. For the pathological study the esophagus in 3 cm pieces cut with the parasite and then fixed in 10% formalin and transferred to the pathology laboratory. Esophageal sections were observed for parasites. From the total 8.5% positive samples, 90.4% were identified as Gongylonema pulchrum, including 12 male and 7 female nematodes. The remaining samples were 2 male G. verruocosum. Pathologic studies showed epithelial hypertrophy, acanthosis and parakeratosis. These parasites created significant pathologic changes in the sheep's esophagus.