COUNSELING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Year:2020 | Volume:19 | Issue:73|Papers Count:7

Aim: This research has studied psychological dynamics of infertility on referred women. Mehtods: In this research, the sample of 21 infertile women to be studies were selected through purposeful sampling. Theoretical sampling process continued until data saturation. The information was gathered and data analysis was carried out by open and axial coding. Findings: The research findings showed psychological consequences of infertility to be, in order: 1. Therapeutic helplessness, 2. Meaninglessness, 3. Self-criticism, 4. Expression of strong negative emotion, 5. Psychological disorders, 6. Use of psychological medications, 7. Suicidal ideation, 8. Isolationism, 9. Marital arguments over being alone, and 10. Empty and boring houses. It appears infertile women experience adverse psychological situation. Conclusions: The findings of the research include 11 main categories and 1 core category named “ birth (increase) of inability” , which refers to the concept of infertile women may, for acceptable reasons and over time, experience a sense of inability in other life domains. In general, the results show a growing existence of inability and meaninglessness in the target population, which eventually leads to psychological disorders, use of psychological medications, and boring homes

Aim: Television and news programs are full of scenes that remind us that life will no doubt end. The purpose of this study was to investigate the representation of death news and its exciting symbols in virtual news channels. Methods: The research method was qualitative and thematic analysis was used. The population of the study included virtual news channel contents and the sample were four high-profile news channels in which the news of death during the period of May-August 2019 was reviewed. Month and channel selection were random and sampling continued until data saturation. Findings: Based on the analysis of news themes, the representation of death news was categorized in ten themes: physical and disease complications, unintentional accidents, brain death, alcohol and drug abuse, suicide, mass killing, murder, retribution, negligence leading to death, and death and killing of animals, as well as representations of attention-grabbing practices and increased excitement were categorized into five themes of stimulating imagination (sensitive location and time of occurrence, symbol of fear and apprehension and conflict), imaginative symbols (sympathetic and associative, unfinished affair and ambiguity), quantitative symbols (statistical increase and volume of news coverage, symbols of importance (reporter’ responsibility and fame), and references to taboos (rape leading to death). Conclusion: The difference between the representations of mortality factors in research and news differs in presenting prevention methods in research. Meanwhile, in the news of death, awareness and the provision of useful preventive strategies have been nearly zero. This causes continuous rumors of negative events that increase emotions of sadness, fear and anger and cause people to feel insecure.

Aim: Mindfulness, as a new therapy method, has its roots in the culture of the East. The aim of this study is to identify the cultural and mindfulness-based metaphors in the Rumi's Masnavi (three chapters of first book). Methods: The current research analyzes the content of the above-mentioned section of Masnavi. The sampling was targeted and 1027 metaphors were identified. The metaphors attributed to the 9 components of mindfulness were identified, and their abundance was also cosidered. MAXQDA coding software was used to analyze the extracted data. Findings: The investigations showed that the number of the metaphors in the first chapter was two times more than the second and third chapters. The metaphors related to the components of mindfulness according to the number were sorted as follows: the non-striving, trust (confidence), non-judging, generoslty (kindness), patience, acceptance and gratitude, beginner's mind and letting go. In other words, the non-striving and letting go were respectively used most and least frequently. The sub-components of surrender, non-fighting and silence were identified for the non-striving component. The sub-components of insight, inclusiveness, and non-comparing was distinguished for the non-judging component. In addition, based on the researched metaphors and the concept of mindfulness, four new components of awareful action, observation and describing, understand (empathy) and balance, as other components of mindfulness were also discovered. Conclusion: For the means of facilitating the conveyance of concepts, education and therapy with cognitive-based mindfulness, it is suggested that therapists and counselors use the folk and cultural metaphors in the poems of Rumi.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of dialectical behavioral therapy on resilience and psychological well-being of couples referring to Bushehr counseling centers. Methods: This study was performed on 3 couples (6 people) who were selected through voluntary and purposeful sampling. Data collection tools were Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale (2003) and Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (1989). Data were analyzed by visual mapping, reliable change index and recovery percentage formula. Findings: Dialectical behavioral therapy was able to increase the couple's resilience (83. 19% recovery), which lasted for three months until the end of the follow-up period (71% improvement). Also, dialectical behavioral therapy was able to increase the psychological well-being of couples (44. 28% improvement) which was permanent until the end of the three-month follow-up period (69. 83% improvement). The sustainable change index also indicated a significant change (P> 0. 05). Conclusion: The results of clinical analysis of significance showed the effectiveness and importance of dialectical behavioral therapy intervention in enhancing couple resilience and psychological well-being of troubled couples and the mentioned variable could explain high rate of resilience and psychological well-being in maladaptive conditions.

Aim: the aim of this research was to investigate the effect of Hope Therapy on mental health and meaning in life of depressed teenage girls. Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest, and control group. The statistical population included all high school girls in Isfahan in 2016 and the statistical sample of the study included 24 girls who were selected by cluster sampling method and whose score on Beck-2 depression questionnaire was between 16 to 46, and who were diagnosed with depression through clinical interviews. These individuals were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. Afterwards, Hope Therapy was performed in a group format in 8 steps for the subjects in the experimental group, while the control group did not receive any interventions. General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) were used in the pretest and posttest stages. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Findings: The findings showed that group hope-therapy had a significant effect on increasing mental health and meaning in life of depressed girls in the experimental group. Conclusion: It can be concluded that hope therapy base on group can be an effective intervention in promoting mental health and meaning of life of depressed adolescent girls.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between work meanings and subjective well-being through job satisfaction in Isfahan Oil Refining Company Staff. Methods: In this study, 280 stuff members at Esfahan Oil Refinery were selected through sampling of quotas. The participants took job satisfaction, subjective well-being, and work meaning questionnaires. For the data analysis, the descriptive statistics method and structural equation modeling were used. The mediating role were tested via bootstrapping test. Findings: The results showed that job orientation and career orientation directly influence subjective well-being. Job orientation has significant negative effect on subjective well-being (p<0. 05), and career orientation has significant positive effect on subjective well-being (p<0. 001). Calling orientation has indirect effect on subjective well-being through job satisfaction (p<0. 01). The mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between job and career orientation with subjective well-being was not significant. Conclusions: Overall, the findings showed that amongst different meanings of work, providing daily living expenses and to progress, has direct influence on subjective well-being, while career mission through work satisfaction has an indirect effect on subjective well-being.

Aim: In each period of life, a person has special relationships with others, and these relationships can enhance one's personal and social health or bring psychological harm. Adaptability, which is one of the most important signs of mental health in teenagers, can lead to psychological maladjustment under mental stress. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between frustration tolerance and approval motivation with emotional adjustment of female students. Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all third-grade high school students in 6th district of Tehran studying during the academic year 1397-98. The research sample consisted of 200 female students who were selected via cluster random sampling method. The tools used in this study were Harrington's Frustration Tolerance Questionnaire (2005), Trinity Patients Approval Motivation (1991), and Sinn and Singh's (1993) Students' Emotional Adjustment Scale. Findings: Pearson correlation and multicollinearity regression methods were used to analyze the data. Findings showed that there was a significant relationship between frustration tolerance, and approval motivation with emotional adjustment. Also, the variables of frustration tolerance and approval motivation could predict emotional adjustment. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, reinforcement of the approval motivation and frustration tolerance can be effective in education of the students with high emotional adaptability.