Ebnesina
Year:2019 | Volume:21 | Issue:3 (68)|Papers Count:9

Background: Considering Chlorella vulgaris role in improving the antioxidant system, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of six weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) program and Chlorella vulgaris supplements on levels of oxidative stress markers in overweight men. Materials and methods: Thirty subjects in this study (Age: 22. 8± 2. 1 yrs; BMI: 27. 1± 9. 6 Kg/m2) were randomly assigned into three groups: supplement + exercise, placebo + training, and training groups. Before and 48 hours after the end of six weeks of HIIT, blood samples were taken from subjects and used for Malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC) and nitric oxide (NO) serum levels measurements. The participants' training program included six weeks of HIIT progressive exercise three days a week with 90% maximum heart rate intensity. Subjects of the supplement group received Chlorella vulgaris supplement (300 mg) four times daily for six weeks, and the placebo group consumed Sucrose tablets similar to the chlorella tab. Results: The results showed that Chlorella vulgaris supplementation with HIIT exercises significantly decreased MDA and PC compared to other groups (p<0. 05). Also, NO levels when comparing the three groups showed a significant increase in the supplement+exercise group compared to the training group (p<0. 05) but did not show significant differences with the placebo+training group. Conclusion: High-intensity physical activity along with Chlorella vulgaris compared to intense exercise without chlorella can have more beneficial effects on antioxidant indices in overweight people.

Background: The goal of crisis medicine management is to provide uniform ways to encounter with, interfere and renovation in the case of disasters in health system. With regard to the importance of hospitals’ awareness against crisis, the present study has tried to explain a process based model for crisis medicine to prevent inter-and intra-hospital incidents and minimize the resulting physical and financial damages of crisis. Materials and methods: The study was a qualitative research with a grounded theory approach. The population of the study was purposefully selected from medical and non-medical employees of Tohid Hospital (Boushehr, Iran) through a deep interview. The participants included 20 medical staffs, 10 department supervisors and five experts in crisis management. The data collection performed until data saturation was achieved. Data analysis was performed using coding (open, axis and selective coding). The credibility was confirmed through plausibility, transformability, reliability and verifiability. Results: The components of crisis medicine management process are: risk assessment, resource evaluation, planning (prevention, preparation, coping, and recovery), process effectiveness, process upgrade that designed in a nine steps concept model. Conclusion: To succeed in planning of crisis medicine management in hospitals, a systematic approach is needed. Process-based management of crisis medicine is a regular, transparent, measurable and monitorable method that is recommended for improvement in crisis medicine.

Background: Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is one of the psychological methods to result in greater resilience and psychological flexibility by facing the previously avoided situations. The purpose of present study was to determine the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on psychological flexibility and resilience of women with breast cancer. Materials and methods: In this pretest-posttest designed research, 50 people were non-randomly selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups each containing 25 individuals. Acceptance, function and resilience measures were used and Multivariate Covariance Analysis (MANCOVA) was performed for inferential analysis. Results The means of psychological flexibility and resilience in the posttest were respectively 44. 2500 and 95. 0000 in the experimental group and 34. 0000 and 77. 2400 in the control group. The means difference was significant between experimental and control groups that shows the efficacy of ACT therapy in women with breast cancer. The effect of ACT therapy in the posttest phase on the variables of psychological flexibility and resilience was 0. 30 (p=0. 000) and 0. 19 (p=0. 048), respectively, which means that 30% of the variance of psychological flexibility scores and 19% of variance of Resilience scores in posttest were due to acceptance and commitment therapy. Conclusion: Acceptance and commitment therapy increases the psychological flexibility and resilience of women with breast cancer.

Background: Non-communicable diseases are the most common cause of premature death worldwide. Sedentary life style and unhealthy nutrition underlie for the increased fat, visceral mass, decreased bone mass and non-communicable diseases. In the present study the health status in apparently healthy people and the correlation between Body mass index (BMI) with visceral fat and bone mass was evaluated. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study with available sampling on 400 volunteer adults was performed. Inclusion criteria was signature of informed consent and exclusion criteria was dissatisfaction, high food intake, severe exercise, menstruation and apparent disease. Tanita Body composition Analyzer was used for body assessment. The correlation between BMI and visceral fat and bone mass was assayed by statistical methods and regression analysis was used to predict the value of mentioned dependent variables from BMI. Results: The participated population consisted of 43. 3% male and 56. 7% female. Of overall population, 51. 5% were over-weighted and 10. 9% were obese. Women and men respectively had 33. 8% and 28. 57% excessive fat mass, and 74. 5% and 54. 7% bone mass reduction. High visceral fat mass was seen in 15. 8% of the individuals and 1% had a very high visceral fat mass. The Pearson’ s correlation coefficient between BMI and visceral fat was 0. 564 which was statistically significant. Conclusion: The seemingly healthy people have serious risk factors and unhealthy conditions, such as high visceral fat and osteoporosis that are the cause of chronic diseases. Many people have not a proper risk perception for decision makingand need prevention visit. Prevention clinics can play an important role in risk perception, disease prevention, and health promotion.

Background: Internet addiction is a phenomenon caused by excessive use of the Internet and cyberspace which has been identified as one of the national health problems in recent decades. In this regard, considering the special circumstances of military families, we investigated the rate of Internet addiction among military parents Materials and methods: The statistical population of this study included all married personnel of a military unit with their spouses of 134 people. Using Cochran formula, 98 of them were selected as sample size. Data were collected using Yang Internet addiction questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results: The results showed that the mean scores of Internet addiction is 46. 07 which is in the low-level spectrum. The findings showed that a total of 64% of respondents had Internet addiction. The results of ANOVA test also indicated that among demographic variables, there was a significant difference in the mean scores of respondents (gender, education, age) only in the educational variables Conclusion: Special conditions of military families are one of the potential drivers of dependency beyond the need for parents to access the Internet and cyberspace, which requires preventive measures.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is the irreversible cell death in parts of myocardium which affects not only cardiovascular system but also other tissues of the body, including skeletal muscle, and in particular the function of mitochondria. It seems that increasing mitochondrial biogenesis is helpful in reducing these complications. Studies have shown that regular exercise increases mitochondrial biogenesis. But its molecular mechanism and the type and intensity of the exercise are not exactly specified. This study intends to examine the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training on the gene expression levels of AMPK and PGC-1α in slow-twitch muscles (Soleus) in rats with myocardial infarction. Materials and methods: For this purpose, 12 male Wistar rats with myocardial infarction were divided into two experimental groups (30 minutes regular running, each interval including 4 minutes running with a severity of 90-85% VO2max and two minutes of active recovery with 50%-60% VO2max intensity for three days a week for eight weeks) and control (no exercise). The expression of AMPK and PGC-1α genes was studied as an effective factor in upstream mitochondrial biogenesis. Results: The results showed that the expression of AMPK and PGC-1α genes increased significantly (p<0. 001 and p=0. 012, respectively). Conclusion: Eight weeks of high intensity interval training increase mitochondrial biogenesis by affecting AMPK and PGC-1α genes in the soleus muscles of rats with myocardial infarction.

Background: Fatigue and job burnout can have a negative effect on nurses’ health and patient care. The aim of this study was to investigate fatigue and burnout in emergency department nurses in two military hospitals Materials and methods: To determine fatigue and burnout, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were used, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and Pearson’ s correlation test at a significant level of p<0. 05. Results: Overall, 110 military nurses participated in this study. The findings of this research showed that the general fatigue and reduction activity had the highest and lowest scores of fatigue dimensions, respectively. In addition, the results indicated that more than 60% of nurses had low personal quality and depersonalization. There was a significant relationship between fatigue and burnout (p<0. 05). Conclusion: In order to reduce fatigue and burnout, ergonomic interventions (training, shifts, transport equipment of patients, etc. ) are recommended.

Background: One way to increase the protein content of the soldiers' diet is to increase the protein content of red meat. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of vinasse in the feed of Holstein male calf and its effect on carcass meat quality. Materials and methods: Twenty-eight Holstein male calves were divided into four groups and were fed on the one of the experimental diets that were similar in energy and protein content over a period of 110 days. The diets differed in composition (Vinas + molasses) and silage with different ratios of Vinas instead of cottonseed meal, with four diets including no Vinase (control), 5%, 10% and 15% Vinas, respectively. At the end, the amount of ammonia nitrogen in the rumen fluid was measured as well as sampling from the locations of 10th, 11th, and 12th ribs to determine the chemical composition. Results: Between Vinas15% group and other groups, there was a significant difference in rumen ammonia nitrogen level at the end of the experimental period (p<0. 05). Calves fed the control diet and the diet containing 10% of Vienna had the highest and the lowest fat thickness on the 12th rib, respectively. Mean protein to fat ratio increased with increasing Vinase level (p<0. 05). Also, the mean moisture content and crude protein content of rib bones increased significantly with increasing Vinase level in the diet. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that adding the vinase in the Holstein calf feed can increase the protein content to 16%, while reducing the fat content to 5%. Accordingly, it is possible to increase the protein content of the military’ s ration by adding Viennas to the rations.

Background: One of the most important tasks of community leaders is to anticipate, plan, and provide the necessary measures to deal with the crisis and its consequences. Providing safe as well as healthy water and food for those affected is one of the most important steps that governments should take. The present article reviewed nutritional needs at the time of natural disaster and measures needed to address them. Materials and methods: In this review study, data were collected using databases searching and keywords nutrition, management, crisis, disasters, and rations from 1960 to 2017. Results: After reviewing the studies, it was observed that after the disasters, firstly, measures such as population estimation for service provision, probable estimation of infant children, climatic conditions of the region, food-aware human resources and etc., should be done by food management in times of crisis. After evaluating the nutritional status of the priority groups, it should be designed to each individual nutrition management plan. Conclusion: Due to the important role of nutrition in disasters, the best nutritional content should be provided in accordance with the conditions of disasters, available standards for any type of foodstuff and appropriate for any age, sex, etc., should be provided, and according to nutritional requirements and inaccessibility of foodstuffs, powder packages with needed ingredients for rapid dissolution in water should be prepared.