Journal of Geography and Planning
Year:2009 | Volume:14 | Issue:27|Papers Count:10

The area that has been studied is a part of northern plain regions with 86 hectares area in the east of Noor city. It is located between Mahmoud Abad and Nowshahr. Its geographical position is 51o 46' N and 36o 47'. In this study 110 species were collected which belong to 40 families and 93 genus. Of the species recognized 21 species (% 19.1) are endemic of Iran. Gramineae with 22 species (%20), Composite with 11 species. (% 10), Legominosae with 9 species (% 8.8) and both of Cyperaceaand Labiatae with 6 species (%5.45) are the main families of this area. Studying plant life form by Raunkiaar method showed that Hemicryptophytes with 47.27 percent (52 species) of species are the most frequent plant forms. Cryptophytes and therophytes occupy %22.73 and %21.82 of the area's flora respectively. High percentage of Hemicryptophytes indicates that the area has moist-temperate climate with cool summer and higher rainfall. Investigation on geographical distribution (chorology) of plants indicated that %27.27 (30 species) of the flora belong to Iran-Touranian zone and % 19.1 (21 species) of the species belong to Europe-Siberian zone and other species can be also observed in other zones. High percentage oflran-Touranian elements can prove that this region belongs to Iran-Touranian zone.

Environmental protection in rural areas is one of the requirements of rural development. One of the problems that threaten the environments of villages is the lack of consideration. on waste collection and disposal in those areas. Based on the changes that have been happened in patterns, the magnitude, and quality of consumable goods, rural areas have also changed to the consumers of the goods that have been produced outside the villages. The wastes produced from the consumption of these usually are not natural as they need a longer time before disintegration, and being absorbed by the environment. There is no appropriated waste disposal system in these areas, the waste produced are distributed in surrounding areas. The resultant views are unfavorable, and various types of biologic and chemical contaminants are distributed all around. The appropriate methods of waste disposal include collection, transportation, and land: filling. The complication of influential factors in landfill site necessitates the use of geographic information systems (GIS), and its combination and synthesis with other managerial and planning affairs.In this article we have used SDSS and AHP supporting systems and modeling in GIS for landfill site selection of Bostanabad Township.

In order to determine the cultivated area of Malekan vineyards, we used Spot 5 satellite images. Having performance rectification needed in per-process step we used types of enhancement methods for identifying vineyard. Applying normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the cultivated area was extracted and grapes were distinguished from other vegetation by sampling in field operation with GPS and using decision tree classification. Obtained map has been transformed to GIS, areas of grapes were estimated with a precision of 95% equal to 4050 hectare and maps were then provided.

Urban fringe is regarded as the foreland in the process of "urban sprawl", especially in developing countries like Iran. The rapid land use changes in this transitional and semi-urban system often puzzles urban researchers. The aim of this paper is to identify the driving forces which affect urban growth in the fringes of Tabriz by DPSIR model. The results show that factors such as economic and population growth, policies and planning, psychological, low land price, accessibility to infrastructures, essentiality of industrial units transition to urban fringe, lack of land to construct urban spaces as well as various socio-economic problems on interior of Tabriz, play an important role in agricultural land use conversion to urban ones.

The aim of this research is to recognize the ground resources and climatic Potentials and limits of Sabzevar Township in Pistachio cultivation. In order to determine the effects of climatic factors on Pistachio growth, The 12 year statistics of daily meteorology parameters in synoptic station of Sabzevar, Ghochan, Kashmar and climatology Mazenan station during the statistical period of 1993-2004 was used.Pistachio as the most valuable crop and medicinal product of the world (green gold), considering its endurance against aridness and saltiness, playes an important role in the social and economic circumstance of arid and semi-arid regions. On the other hand, the economic advantages of Pistachio make farmers cultivate it, no matter what the potentialities and capabilities of the Sabzevar lands are.Using the plant coverage maps, landuse, and soil maps of satellite image analysis has been done in GIS Arc GIS software. Using the capabilities. of spatial analysis of this software the susceptible regions, were prepared and after the weighting of the maps, the optimum Pistachio cultivation sites were determined. The prepared maps by three models show that Boolean and AHP models are the least and the most extensive ones respectively.

Arasbaran Biophere Reserve (ABR) with a total area of 80676.5 ha has located on the southern parts of Aras International River, 60 Km from Northern Ahar, and West of Kaleibar Township In East Azerbaijan Province.The physiographic characteristics of study units are the basis of hydrologic studies and vegetation zoning. The determination of such characteristics previously was accomplished through topographic maps and mechanical tools. However, today alongside the developments in sciences, these studies are carried out by geographic information systems (GIS). In this article we have specified the characteristics of ABR by digitized topographic maps (1: 50,000 Scale). The digitized Elevation Model (DEM) was also determined in ILWIS environment in 2 sub-basins of Kaleibar Chai and I1geneh Chai.

The progresses and astonishing distribution of computer sciences and remote communication have made possibility of designing, production, supply and demand, goods distribution, consumption markets and the division of large firms. Tourism is also under change, and makes improvements toward electronic identity. This article is an attempt to specify the nature and the trend of electronic tourism expansion and thereby to show the gap in Iranian electronic tourism concerning scientific and industrial contexts. Electronic tourism industry will be more possibly able to improve through virtual investment. This will lead Iranian tourism to a better and improved standard level.

Dam are the most important and considerable engineering structures in river basins and beds that can create drastic changes in river regimes, geomorphic, biologic, and ecologic processes. Despite the occurrence of such changes the construction of dams is irreversible based on the climatic changes, the population in crease, and the need of humans for the optimum use of surface waters. Fiooding is a phenomenon that either threatens or damages the main income source of the people in Gharangoo Chai river basin every year. For minimizing the flood impacts, many dams have been constructed, or are under construction. There will be impacts after dam construction in this basin, as it is regarded as one of the highest depositing catchments. Also as thee is a semi-arid climate dominant in the area, the responses should also be very rapid to changes. We have studied the impacts of dams both in terms of erosion and deposition in the Gharanghoo Chai river basin, located on the eastern slopes of Sahand Mountain.

Climatology is one of the main human sciences. Climatic elements are one of the most essential structures of the earth, and no doubt nature, humans, and all natural forms of life are affected by climatic conditions. Azerbaijan Province has located on North West Iran with an area of 120,000 Km2, and enjoys a variety of climatic conditions. In this research we have studied different climatic elements (32 elements) and zoned the climatic atlas of the area with over 150 climatic maps and the applications of GIS software. Results indicate that factors such as topography and the trend of relief have tremendous effects on the variation of climatic elements such as temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity. There is a negative correlation between height and temperature. The presence of Caspian Sea on the east and Urmia Lake on the western parts of this area affect the precipitation, but increases the relative humidity of the region.