ARABIC LANGUAGE & LITERATURE
Year:2018 | Volume:14 | Issue:3 |Papers Count:7

the novel is considered as new Arab works which within a short period of time had more attracted authors' attention than the literary genres. The art of description is the most important narrative tool and by rely on it the writer is able to represent his mental world before readers as real as possible.Ali Ahmad Bakatheer is one of the Arab contemporary authors who has a high status and reputable in such areas of Arabic literature. Inspired by Islamic history, he could connect the events occurred during Islam developments to that of contemporary period. The "Althaer alahmar is one of his most popular novels that can technically be classified as the top novel.This study aims to investigate the art of description and expression of genres, tools and the purposes of using them in the novel "Althaer alahmar" to reflect this important element in the narrative structure of this work.The results show that the writer has used the art of description in different genres and enjoyed it as an effective tool to create suitable space in his work. he best employed this technique to represent the social and political situation of the period in question. In his work, Bakatheer describes the characters, place, time, movement and actions with the aim of different function and implication based on simple narrative language. the description of place and mental states of the characters and the interpretive function and significance of this technique is of the highest frequency in this work.

After the advent of psychological research by Freud, Jung and Adler, who talked about language and awareness and ignorance Its tool was used for the study of poetry texts and its extraction, and the psychological documents for the ancient poets of Jahili and Islam.Psychological approach such case is the approach that puts literary text psychological research and is trying to benefit from psychological theories to explain literary phenomena And causes hidden head waters minute and weaved and doomed from the depths and dimensions and the effects of extended Based on this approach psychological relationship between the author and literary work. Since the generator is hair Thoughts of the poet and his environment We will analyze personal Antara Bin Shaddad al-Absi.in this article in accordance with the methodological and analytical based on the psychological role Monetary environment in the personal composition as is the case for the environment Antara that he lived and highlight «inferiority complex» Adler to learn and the statement of this node in personal Antara, the character that can be considered a source of many of Pride interested in its effect, and his hair and his style of life This article uses the lives of Antara then studying for his book reveals a psychological poet It is worth mentioning that repression or inferiority complex they were employees of the factors that in fluenced the character Antara, and fueled his ambition to glory, poetry, horsemanship. and her major attempt is to prove superiority to others.

Phonetic research is one level in stylistic science in which the researcher tries to examine the phonetic structure by viewing some phenomena such as different sounds, repetitions, songs, and phonetic structure.The present study used a descriptive-analytic method to examine Imam Ali 's condemnations by using a phonetic stylistic that includes phonetic components such as repetition, amplification of vocals, rejoicing and song regarding some examples gathered from some of his sermons and wisdom and letters. The purpose of "Etab" in the words of Imam Ali (AS) is condemnations.The findings of this study showed that Imam Ali created a rhythmical situation to influence the audience, and sometimes he spoke with an accompanying song, to express the intensity of reprimand and condemnation. He sometimes condemned his critique with whimsical and slow sounds to show the grief and pain in his chest.This study found the power of communication and harmony between word and voice to express the type of condemnation. First, Imam viewed the audience who was supposed to be condemned then he used different phrases to condemn him regarding that person's situations. The rhyme in the words of Imam (AS) is related to meaning, therefore, when Imam Ali insisted on the meaning he followed rhyme elements too.

The simile is one the most eloquent ways of expression and elegant practices of imagery. Imam Ali (Peace be upon him) has used many similes in Nahj al-Balagha, which around the four hundred and twenty of similes in the sermons from this valuable book. All of them are in ultimate of the eloquence and beauty. The present study examines the internal music and its implications of the similes within the sermons, the used method in this article is Descriptive and analytical. The aesthetic aspect of simile in the sermons are based on the three elements: aesthetic imageries, educative concepts, and internal music. The findings in this research show, which the internal music of the similes in the sermons can be expressed in from of repetitions of letters, words, structure, rhyme, contradiction, parallelism, and pun. However, Imam Ali has applied pun derivation especially in the similes where are in form of Absolute Object, which the hundred similes are from this kind. Hence, all of these apply in the form of conveying the meaning without any mannerism and artificiality. In these similes be seen implications, which showed aims of Imam and his emotional states.

sura (h) Joseph is one of the most beautiful stories of the Qur'an. It depicts all the details of this story from the early days of Joseph until his greatness, from being in Egypt to the absence of the cave and then entering Egypt and the house of Al-Aziz and the palace of the king to the prison where he did not have the right to enter. The Lord, after two years, brings him to the most precious place where he dreamed of seeing the sun and the moon prostrate to him. The reader of what happened in the story sees the place taking a great deal in its events. The percentage of the places mentioned in the story of the events mentioned as meat and sebaceous can not be separated. Since the place plays an important role in the construction of the Qur'anic story and its many functions, It is the corner that connects the parts of the story and is the frame from which the events start and the characters go. The choice of the place and its structure are the actors in building the human personality and the pillars of the entity and the identity of each person. This research addresses the place and its implications in Surat It also aims to reveal the vision of the Qur'an in relation to the different places in which it is presented and the indications it gained through its relationship with man.

One of the feathers of poetries in Nahda period in camper with the previous period is to attention to the society and its problems. So during that period, poets attend to the people more and they compose poetries about their problems. The prominent poets of that period such as Hafiz Ibrahime and Ahmed Showqhi, knew the problems that their society suffered from these and also they detect the factors of the backwardness of their society, so they try to solve them by their poetries. This new subject impact on the poetry affections. This article attend to study this issue by descriptive method based on the poetries of Hafiz Ibrahime and Ahmed Showqhi.The results show that sometimes the poetry affections get week in the poems for this reason. And also how to address the problems of the community affect the emotion of poetry and the use of the direct way to raise social issues weaken the emotion in poetry and poetry is similar to a daily newspaper that addresses the social problems.

The phoneme 'r' is considered to be a voiced sounds in the arabic languag. strength and vigour makes the repetition feature of 'r' to be projected. meanwhile, this repetition feature of 'r' produces vibration in the hearing to be unsderstood physical sensory and intellectually. the frequent use of phoneme 'r' in the beginning of the the suras of Al Takwir and Sura Al-infitar is applied in accordance with its features. In this way, the addressee of Quran’s text recieves the strengthen, concebtration and domination on the music of the phoneme 'r'. and thus, he coherently understands of the context of the text by having concentration of the syllabl and word formation of the phoneme and syntax of the sentence. however, the use of the phoneme 'r' in the beginning of the the suras of Al Takwir and sura Al-infitar must be concentrated in order that the musical feature of the phoneme, togheter with the triaxial textual context of the Quran be reflected in the soul and mind of hearer. therfore, the cohernce of the triaxial, helps the hearer to interpret the extra-textual instructions of the Quran such as the morals, warnings and behavioral characteristics. the textual principles of the language of the Quran such as cohernce and cohesion in the phonemes, words, sentences, and rhyme and prose of the verses, makes the reciever interpret them. It is worth noting that the research on the phoneme 'r' is not still carried out.