WOMAN & STUDY OF FAMILY
Year:2010 | Volume:2 | Issue:7|Papers Count:8

The purpose of the present study is to compare six aspects of life quality between the women within the age range of 20- 60 who participate in sport for all and those who do not participate in sport for all in Tehran. The research sample included 217 women active in public sports stations in Tehran and 217 inactive women. In this research, the life quality questionnaire including 72 questions was used, which measured six variables out of 15 life quality variables, namely physical well-being, marital relationship, job satisfaction, social interaction, parent- child relation, and altruistic behavior. The reliability of the questionnaire was estimated as 0.83 % by spss. The data were analyzed by using t-test, U Mann- Whitney Test, and Kolmogrov - Smironov Test at the significance level of P£0.05. The results revealed that there is a significant difference in the life quality of the women regarding the variables of physical well-being, parent-child relationship, and social interaction. In other words, the life quality of the participant women was higher than the non- participant women. However, there was not a significant difference between the active and inactive women in public sports regarding the variable altruistic behavior. Also, the results indicated that the marital relationship among the non-participant females was better. On the Whole, the results showed that the life quality of the women participating in public sports is better than that of the non-participant females. The reason could be the positive effect of sport on the main indices of the life quality (physical, mental, and social) of the women who participate in public sports.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between religious beliefs and social well-being as well as to predict social well-being based on religious beliefs among the female students of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz. For this purpose, 274 female students (age M=22.84; SD=3.81) were selected from Tabriz Islamic Azad University by multi-stage cluster sampling and completed the questionnaires. The research tools included Maebad and Keyes Social well-being questionnaires. Pearson correlation coefficient and Multivariable Simultaneous Regression were used for data analysis. The results showed that there are significant relationships between social acceptance and contribution with all dimensions of practicing religious beliefs, and between social integration and coherence with some dimensions of practicing religious beliefs (p<001), but there isn't a significant relationship between religious beliefs and social actualization.Enter Multivariable Regression analysis showed that performing religious duties and religious activities predict social integration significantly. Also, acting to duties and acting to recommended predict social acceptance and social contribution; acting to recommended, religious activities and utilization of religion in decisions and choices predict social actualization, social coherence and total social wellbeing.Some predictions were significant at p<001 and others at p<05.

This research was carried out with the main purpose of expressing the harmful factors in the religious training of the students of Ahar Islamic Azad University in 2011. The statistical population includes all of the students of Ahar Islamic Azad University, totaling 9624 people. The sample size is 375 male students and 125 female students, based on Morgan Table, and through the use of stratified random sampling. The research is a field survey, and different statistical techniques (descriptive and inferential) such as Smirnoff- Kolmogorof Test, Keizer-Maier-Olkan Test, Krovet- Bartlett Test, Factor Analysis Test, rotated varimax technique and independent T test have been used for data analysis. The measurement tool used in this study is a researcher- made questionnaire "pathology of religious training" with the reliability of 0.92 percent and the validity confirmed by the experts. The results indicated that six factors have influenced religious training as the main pathological factors, which follow in order of importance: 1- religious doubts 2- lack of understanding the needs and problems of the young generation 3-inefficiency of religious training centers 4- parents negligence 5- rizomatic space, and 6- hypocrisy, Which represent 64 percent of the total variance.

The women's image in literary works appears to have a brighter manifestation. Therefore, the poem is one of the research grounds about women. The study of old poems can show the changing process of women’s image in historical progression. The works of Motanabbi and Sadi in the classic Arabic and Persian poetry, which contain similar mental dispositions and artistic techniques, provide good examples and data for this subject. The main objective of this research is a comparative study of Motanabbi and Sadi's works through a library method. This study shows that both kinds of poems reflect the realities of life in their era. In describing their society, both poets have consciously or unconsciously compared, honored, or despised the contemporary men and women; they have portrayed the woman's role as a mother, sister, and mistress in their society. The poems relate positive and negative attributes such as: affection and spite, love and hate, loyalty and deceit, to women. The women's elegance has become an example of the taste of their era. Their descriptions have created beautiful similes. The two poets' viewpoints about women are not very different.Sadi's extensive description of women shows that, in his view, they have an important role in life. But the low frequency of women in Motanabi's poems shows that he does not pay much attention to women.

These days one of the important concerns of economists is the impact of economic globalization on real economic variables, such as production and employment. Proponents of globalization argue that gender inequality causes economic growth, in that cheap female labor reduces the costs of producing goods for exports and increasing the competitiveness of those goods. But some believe that all people of the society do not benefit equally from a growing economy. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of globalization on the welfare of women by using data from 74 selected countries of the world and generalized method of moments (GMM) in the period 1990- 2006. The results suggest that trade openness will not improve women's life expectancy. Also, trade openness increases women's access to primary education and reduces women’s access to secondary education. On the other hand, trade openness reduces the participation of women in the labor market in developed and developing countries.

Divorce as one of the most important causes of family disorders has an important role in creating derangement in sociability and socializing of children. The present research has used theories such as functionalism, homogamy, heterogamy, and network theory in order to study the factors affecting the rate of divorce appeal among the women in Sardasht. The research is of survey type, and the statistical population includes the women who presented divorce appeals to the family court in Sardasht during the years 2006-2009. The sample size was 144, obtained through the use of Morgan Table and systematic random sampling technique. By divorce appael is meant the insistence of women (those who had their files in the family court) on getting a divorce from their husbands. The results obtained from the research indicated that the variables of others' interference, family violence, difference in the couples ideas and the family's income rate had a significant relationship with the women's divorce appeal.

The main purpose of the present study is to compile pre- marriage counseling content according to ethical and spiritual factors and skills predicting a successful marriage. The statistical population included all the couples who referred to Tabriz health centers in the year 2010, from among Whom 40 couples were chosen by using systematic sampling. Semi-structured interview was used to collect data. The results showed that honesty, tolerance, good ethical behavior, chastity, fidelity, faith, regarding spiritual beliefs, responsibility, respect for values, forgiveness, mutual understanding with regard to clothing, similarity in cultural traditions, regarding spiritual matters, especially mutual understanding in religious beliefs and practices, respect for family and family members, especially parents are among the essential spiritual and ethical factors in choosing a spouse in order to have successful marriage. Aquiring such skills as correct speaking, mutual respect, good behavior, empathy, forgiveness, tolerance, contentment, honesty, responsibility, and self- awareness were emphasized by the successful couples. It was concluded that paying attention to the spiritual and ethical factors and skills when getting married as well as having pre-marriage counseling can play an important role is achieving a successful marriage.

This study Work - Family Conflict among women working in the city of Tabriz and its related factors. The population included all married women in Tabriz, and the sample size is 50 people who were selected by simple random sampling method. Methodology The survey was conducted. The research instrument is a questionnaire with 45 questions in Likert scale spectrum. The technique is validated using factor analysis and reliability through Cronbach's alpha was measured and the results were acceptable. Information obtained by using spss software version 17 was analyzed using Pearson's test, t-test and F-test and finally to explain the amount of Work - Family Conflict among married women of Tabriz city of research on predictor variables stepwise multiple regression procedure (stepwise) was used. The research findings showed that Work - Family Conflict among married women is on average between Work - Family Conflict and attitudes to gender division of labor and job satisfaction are significantly correlated with women. The multivariate regression analysis showed that 40% of the variance Work - Family Conflict among Married Women of research on predictor variables is explained. In conclusion we can say that the job type, job satisfaction and level of education, a good predictor of the conflict - families are women.