JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ENVIRONMENT
Year:2010 | Volume:2 | Issue:2 (6)|Papers Count:15

In this study, Species data recording blood characteristics of Baluchi Squirrel, as one of the unique species in Iran (Sistan-Balouchestan province) were conducted from Feb.2008 to Feb.2009. In addition to monitor, forty samples were caught by catch or trapped (23 male and 17 female) that had not signs of disease. Statistical analysis showed that (mean ±SD) were: the amount of neutrophils 61.64±11.51, Lymphocyte 36.91±11.65, monocytes 3.00±1.00, eosinophils 1.67±0.81, RBC count 6.20±0.58 (×106 /ml), WBC 5.5±1.25 (×103 /ml). Average difference between the sexes blood characteristics using t-test showed no significant differences between the two sexes in all the traits.

Edible clamAmiantis umbonella inhabits sandy-muddy coast in Bandar Abbas, northern Persian Gulf. In this study specimens of this clam (240 specimens), water (12 samples) and sediment (12 samples) in summer and winter along two stations (first station, Park-e-Qadir, 56o 20¢ E and 27o 11¢ N and second station, Nakhl-e-Nakhoda, 56o 23¢ E and 27o 10¢ N) were collected from Golshahr coast of Bandar Abbas. The concentrations of 8 metals (Fe, Mg, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ag, As and Cu) in different parts of clam’s body, coastal water and sediment were determined. Regarding a few information on metal concentration in macro-benthic animals in this area, this study can be first provides report of metal concentration in this clam. There were no significant relationships between different stations and different seasons (P³0.05).The maximum and the minimum metal concentrations in clams were belonged to Mg (10000±7823 mgg-1drywt) and Ag (<0.3±0.00 mgg-1drywt), respectively. Mg and Ag had the maximum and minimum concentrations in clam, water and sediment. There was a significant relationship between metal concentration in clam, coastal water and sediment (P£0.05). There was also a significant positive correlation between clam’s length and the concentrations of Cd, Pb and Ag (P£0.05). According to the high metal concentration in different parts of clam’s body, this clam can be introduced as a bioandicator for As, Pb, Cu, Ag and Zn.

In this study, chemical composition (dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude energy, calcium and phosphorus) and metabolizable energy values (AME, AMEn, TME, TMEn) frog larvae powder (Rana ridibundus) for use in poultry nutrition were collected. So first we collected larvae by a tour from various dewatering and pond and then, placed them to sun exposed until dry completely which takes 2 days to dry. Then, a sample of frog larvae powder send to laboratory of Animal Science Research Institute and chemical composition evaluated by AOAC method and energy metabolism by Sibbald method. Results showed that 96.93% of dry matter, crude protein 30.80 percent, crude fat 7.73 percent, calcium 5.5 percent, phosphorus 0.9 percent, sodium 0.72 percent and crude energy 4700Kcal kg is in dry matter. The AME, AMEn, TME and TMEn were 3851, 3667, 4561 and 4050 Kcal/kg, respectively as fed was determined. The results showed that existence of dewatering and large ponds in various regions of the country, especially in northern regions, frog larvae powder can be partly used in poultry nutrition.

In this study, we used "Ferdows 1" research vessel and sampling conducted on random basis, through 119 sampling stations in 7 zones with 4 deep-sea layers as: 10-20, 20-30, 30-50 and 50-100 meters, throughout the Oman Sea. Achieved data recorded in pre-schemed forms and processed through "Excel" and "Arc View GIS" soft wares.One hundred species or genus identified in bottom trawl catch composition which categorized as commercial and non-commercial species. The total biomass of aquatics in bottom trawl net estimated as 52472.7 Mt.60% of this amount allocated to commercial demersal species with 31651.7 Mt.Comparing biomass rates in the Oman Sea layers, it is determined that the maximum biomass rate is in 50-100 and 10-20 meter layers, respectively.Study of CPUA in 7 zones of the Oman Sea revealed that identical to biomass, zone F (Sirik to Jask) positioned first with 20162 Kg per square nautical mile. For 10-20 meter layer, CPUA is 1.6 folded in 50-100 meter depth.

The birds are one of the important elements of urban parks. We identified the birds of green spaces in 9 main parks during winter and spring 2010. In these parks, there were 92 species belonging to 31 families and 9 orders. The most Shannon Wiener diversity species (3.78) was in winter in Dolat Park which showed a stable condition in this park. The most Margalef species aboundance (6.07) was in winter and in the same park. The utmost Hill species evenness (0.84) was in winter in Shahrvand Park which showing even distribution of species, and the least Hill species eveness (0.45) was in spring in Dolat Park. The two-ways ANOVA results showed there were significant differences between winter and spring seasons in Menhinich Index and Simpson and Hill Indexes for species aboundance. According to Duncen test in chance of 95% there were significant differences in evenness species point of view in these 9 parks and results showed condition was not even between studied areas and also there were differences in parks systems management.

This study was conducted to measure density of b-carotene and the effects of Dunaliella algae on color skin changes of the rainbow trout. Rainbow trout were separated in five equal groups and were fed for three months with diets containing 0, 5, 7, 9 and 11g of pure dried Dunaliella in each kilogram of food, respectively. Skin samples were taken from 10 random collected fish, at the end of third months of culture and after sampling from high part of lateral line, between dorsal and anal fin, the samples send to the laboratory to measure skin factors. The colors of fish skin measured by spctophotometri.Results indicated that by increasing of Dunaliella aglae and growing weight, the density of b-carotene was also increased. Treatment 4 had highest effect on growing weight of fish and had significantly difference with other treatment, especially with treatment 1 (P<0.05).Results also showed that increasing skin of treatment 4 had highest reserving of b-carotene in skin, within the limits of 0 to 11 and Dunaliella aglae containing b-carotene, has favorable effects on increasing skin color of rainbow trout.

The phylogenetic study of Tangsayad and Kerayi wild sheep populations was conducted by using 5 microsatellite markers (BM6444, MCM63, MCMA2, LSCV38, and OARAE129). The PCR responses for all 5 markers were done truly and each marker was checked. The OARAE129, LSCV38, MCM63 markers showed a meaningful deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in wild sheep populations, and 60% of Poly Morf locus which contains 3 LSCV38, MCM63, OARAE129 markers, and the two MCMA2 and BM6444 markers were Mono Morf. Low average of Allel for any locus (1.6 Allel) showed the low genetic diversity of wild sheep. Nie (1972, 1978) indicators were used to obtain the genetic distance between two wild sheep populations, which showed the high genetic similarity (0.9615) and (0.9771) and low genetic distance (0.0392) and (0.0232) in Tangsayad and Karayi wild sheep populations. Observing the average heterozygosity showed that life and the future of these animals are in danger.

In this study, the hepatopancreas of 30 matre Johnius belangerii, were removed and fixed in 10% formalin. The routine procedures of preparation of tissues (specimens, sampling, fixation, washing, dehydration, clearing, impregnation, blocking, sectioning, staining, and mounting) were followed and the paraffin blocks were cut at 6 microns, stained with H & E, PAS and Gomori, then studied under light microscope. In macroscopic observations the hepatopancreas was located in left and extended to the posterior. In microscopic study Pancreas tissue was penetrated into the liver along with portal vein. Pancreas tissue consisted of serous cell clusters as exocrine tissue, which was arranged around a central vein with H & E and PAS staining. The serous cells had a euchromatin nucleus in basal portion, and their basal cytoplasm was basophilic, but the apical cytoplasm contained eosinophilic zymogenic granules. A few pancreatic islets were seen in Gomori staining and only 2 types of cells were recognizable; A or a cells with large and euchromatin nucleus and B or b cells with small and heterochromatin nucleus.Results showed that the hepatopancreas structure of J. belangerii has many similarities to the other fish species.

This study was carried out in conversation area "Khojir", east of Tehran in October 1998. Specimens of Chironomus sp. and G. fasciatus were collected by a 0.04μ mesh size net and transferred to Shilamayesh Consulting Engineer Company lab and kept in refrigerator. Then, the number of casualty for both species in different cultures including cobblestone, sand, weed and rotten leaves have been counted and tested for feeding responses. In a 62 days period of the study, the maximum casualty numbers of G. fasciatus (26) was found in sand culture; whereas, for Chironomus sp. was in cobblestone by a number of 30. The minimum casualty amount of Chironomus sp. and Gammarus fasciatus were 9 and 18 in an algal culture, respectively. There was no significant difference before and after feeding for both Chironomus sp. and G. fasciatus. Also there was no significant difference between different cultures and the amount of casualty. This study aims to investigate the possibility of keeping Chironomus sp. and G. fasciatus in vitro in order to feed cultured fish.