Payesh
Year:2019 | Volume:18 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:10

Objective (s): Iran hospitals suffer from inefficiency. Thus, managers should take necessary actions to improve hospitals’ efficiency. The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive overview of relevant research regarding hospital efficiency strategies in Iran and to identify the gaps in the literature to inform future studies. Methods: The six-stage scoping review framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley was followed. Seven electronic databases and two search engines were examined using appropriate key words to find documents published on hospital efficiency in Iran between March 1997 and October 2017. Bibliography section of the retrieved papers and related journals were also searched for papers that were not yet indexed. A total of 1395 publications were identified, of which 123 publications met inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Data was analyzed using MAXQDA software. Results: The most studies on hospital efficiency strategies were conducted in Tehran, Isfahan and Khuzestan provinces. Fortyone strategies for improving hospital efficiency were found and were clustered into four categories: Meta (Ministry of Health), Macro (university), Mezo (hospital) and Micro (provider). The most frequently mentioned strategies to improve hospital efficiency were quality management, need-based hospital beds allocation, preventing unnecessary hospital beds expansion, economic assessment of hospital performance and providing feedback to managers, appropriate distribution of beds among hospitals and participative management. Conclusion: Policymakers and managers should take necessary coordinated actions at Meta, Macro, Meso and Micro levels to achieve sustained desirable outcomes.

Objective (s): Hospital accreditation is a good strategy for improving the quality, safety, effectiveness and efficiency of hospital services. This study aimed to evaluate hospital accreditation implementation in Iran. Methods: This descriptive, and cross sectional study was carried out in 2015 using a valid and reliable questionnaire. The study population consisted of 914 hospital managers in Iran. Overall, 547 hospital managers were surveyed through stratified random sampling. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS 18. 0 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean score of managers’ satisfaction of hospital accreditation implementation was 2. 44+0. 70 out of 5 (low). About 10 percent of managers were satisfied with the hospital accreditation implementation. Hospital managers were satisfied with employees’ engagement in applying accreditation standards and the medical university support. Most complaints were related to lack of human, financial and physical resources. Physical resources, medical university support and the hospital information system had the most effect on successful accreditation implementation. There was significant association with accreditation scores and using quality management models in the hospital. Conclusion: Hospital managers are facing time and resources shortage in implementing accreditation. Necessary resources should be provided if improvement in the quality of hospital services is required.

Objective (s): The present study aimed to determine the effect of surgery on attention functions in glioma brain patients. Methods: The statistical population of this study was all individuals aged 18 to 45 years old, referred to neurosurgery department of hospitals in Tehran, Iran in 2016 to 2018 for Glioma surgery. A total of 30 glioma brain patients entered into the study. Continuous attention by continuous performance tests, divided attention by trial making test and selective attention by Stroop test was measured. To evaluate the effect of surgery on research variables t-test, repeated measures and multivariate analyses. Results: The statistical analyses showed that surgery increased the mean scores of attentional functions (all three types of attentions) in patients (P <0. 001). Conclusion: The present study showed that surgery improved attentional functions in patients with glioma brain tumors.

Objective (s): The level of injury in SCI patients determines the level of functional disability, level of dependency and independency. This can also influence on the quality of life greatly. So this study aimed to examine the relationship between the level of injury and the quality of life in SCI patients. Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out on 110 patients in Isfahan, Iran, in 2017. Information related to the quality of life was measured using the WHOQOL-BREF and the level of injury was estimated by clinical diagnosis of patients. Results: The findings showed that the level of the injury has meaningful relationship with the patients' mental, physical, and environmental aspects of quality of life but not social domain. Conclusion: The level of injury in people with SCI has a widespread impact on their quality of life, suggesting that these people need adaptive and compensatory equipment to improve their quality of life.

Objective (s): Premenstrual syndrome is one of the most common disorders of women in reproductive age and is associated with decreased quality of life. However, how this syndrome affects the quality of life in women is not well defined. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the consequence of premenstrual syndrome on women's quality of life. Methods: This was a qualitative study. We reviewed experiences of 21 women with premenstrual syndrome. And were asked to express their perceptions. The data obtained from interviews. To explore the data content analysis was performed. Results: The findings showed premenstrual syndrome affected quality of life in women in several areas including physical health (cardio-pulmonary, genitourinary, neurological, skin and hair, digestive, musculoskeletal and general health); psychological health (mood, cognitive and emotions)” , behaviors (sleep and nutrition patterns); and family-social issues (inadequate interpersonal relationships, sexual dysfunction and social isolation). Conclusion: The findings suggest that special attention should be given to consequences of premenstrual syndrome on the quality of life in women. Improving quality of life in this population needs essential consideration.

Objective (s): Menopause is a normal event in the women’ s lives and as one of the most important issues in reproductive health has a special importance. Since healthy sexual life and sexual satisfaction are one of the major issues associated with this era, the present study was conducted to determine the factors affecting the sexual satisfaction of postmenopausal women. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 50 postmenopausal women referring to health centers affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran in 2017. Data was collected the Larsson's sexual satisfaction questionnaire. The data were analyzed using independent t-test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney and Pearson correlation. Results The mean age of the women was 55. 3 years and the mean score of their sexual satisfaction was 85. 30. Most women (66%) had moderate sexual satisfaction. There was a direct and significant relationship between sexual satisfaction and duration of marriage, marital life satisfaction, satisfaction with sex with a spouse, intercourse intervals satisfaction and the wanted marriage (P <0. 05). The average score of sexual satisfaction was higher in women who had not sexual relationship problems. Conclusion: The evaluation of sexual satisfaction of postmenopausal women by health care providers and the use of strategies to improve it by training couples' relationship skills and sexual performance are recommended.

Objective (s): Abuse and substance abuse is one of the most significant psychological and social problems of adolescence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on reducing substance abuse and death anxiety among male adolescents with substance abuse. Methods: The present study was a pretest-posttest study with a control group among a convenience sample of adolescent males with substance abuse referred to addiction treatment clinics in the district 4 of Tehran who had high drug abuse scores. They were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Data were collected in two stages before and after 8 sessions intervention by two questionnaires the status of consumption of drugs and the Templar death anxiety scale. Paired ttest, independent t-test and repeated measures variance analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between two groups in terms of substance abuse and death anxiety. Mental awareness-based cognitive therapy was effective on reducing substance abuse and death anxiety. Conclusion: The findings suggest that mindfulness therapy could be effective in reducing substance use and death anxiety among adolescents.

Objective (s): The purpose of this study was to examine modifying role of self-efficacy on the relationship between job satisfaction and general health among public health experts working in the health centers in Tehran. Methods: Validated Persian instruments for measuring the self-efficacy and mental health (GHQ-12) were used to collect data. Results: In all 91 public health workers were studied. The analysis showed that the relationship between self-efficiency and general health was significant which indicated the prediction of about 20% of mental health by self-efficiency. Also the results showed that the relationship between job satisfaction and mental health was significant which indicated the prediction of about 12% of mental health by job satisfaction. The relationship between two variables of self-efficacy and job satisfaction (in aggregate) with the dependent variable of mental health was significant which indicated the prediction of about 24% of mental health by these two variables. The correlation coefficient between the two variables of job satisfaction and mental health after adjustment for self-efficiency was significant (r = 0. 238). Conclusion: Overall the findings showed a significant relationship between job satisfaction and mental health and the moderating role of self-efficacy on this relationship.