Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences
Year:2019 | Volume:6 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Context: Green coffee ingestion improves blood pressure in healthy humans, but the interactive effect of green coffee and exercise is unknown. Aims: The purpose was to determine the combined effect of green coffee bean extract (GCE) consumption and concurrent training (CT) on arterial blood pressure in overweight and obese women. Setting and Design: This study was an experimental pilot study, which was conducted in 2017. Materials and Methods: Among overweight and obese women of the Rasht city, 30 participants were allocated to three groups via simple randomization to receive treatment with GCE (125 mg, twice/day, before lunch and dinner), CT (four sessions aerobic-resistance training/week), or both. Systole blood pressure (SBP), diastole blood pressure (DBP), heart rate, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured before and 48 h after interventions. Statistical Analysis Used: Mean and standard deviation, analysis of covariance, and paired sample t-test were used. Results: Heart rate decreased in all intervention groups (P < 0. 01). GCE-CT treatment showed significantly decreased SBP (P = 0. 04). CT group indicated significant reduction for DBP and MAP (P = 0. 03 and P = 0. 02, respectively). However, there were no significant difference between study groups for SBP, DBP, and MAP (P > 0. 05). Conclusion: It seems that GCE, CT, or combination of both had a little effect for improving arterial blood pressure, and therefore, simultaneous effect of CT-GCE was not more effective than CT or GCE for improving the blood pressure in women with normal blood pressure.

Context: Given increasing number of older adults and the burden of care costs of them, improving the quality of life (QOL) of these people is one of the main targets of researchers in this field. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise on the dimensions of QOL among elderly females. Setting and Design: This semi experimental research with re-post test design conducted in Rehabilitation and Daily Care Center of Iran-Tabriz 2018. Materials and Methods: Sixty elderly females were selected based on criteria and divided via blocks randomization into intervention (N = 30) and control groups (N = 30). The intervention group participated in aerobic training for 8 weeks (24 sessions). Both groups were evaluated before and after intervention with QOL questionnaire (SF36). Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using SPSS-20 software through descriptive, Chi-Square, one-way, and multivariate covariance methods. Results: The QOL of majority of elderly women was low (78%). The mean score of QOL in the intervention group before intervention was 43. 99 ± 4. 4 and after intervention was 55. 46 ± 4. 62 (P = 0. 001). In the control group, the mean score of QOL was 44. 70 ± 4. 51 before and 47. 31 ± 4. 37 after intervention (P = 0. 41). Conclusion: Aerobic exercises have improved the QOL in all mental and physical aspects of women aged 60– 70 years. Therefore, this easy and cost-effective intervention is beneficial for aged woman to promote QOL dimensions. It can be used as intervention to enhance QOL of aged peopled.

Context: Craving is a strong and irresistible urge for abusing drugs. If the drug urge is not met, psychological injuries and physical suffering such as weakness, anorexia, anxiety, insomnia, aggression and depression would be manifested. Aim: The aim of this study was structural equation modelling (SEM) of craving and psychological injury, with the mediating role of co-dependency and self-control in patients undergoing maintenance therapy. Settings and Design: This is a descriptive analytic study. All patients undergoing maintenance therapy in outpatient departments of Sari in 2018 were evaluated. Materials and Methods: 400 patients were selected randomly based on the inclusion criteria. The questionnaires on craving, psychological injury, co-dependency, and self-control were used for data collection. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analysed using SEM in particular regression equations. SPSS and AMOS were used for the analysis of the collected data. Results: The results indicated that the value of direct effect of craving on psychological injury was 0. 207. Moreover, the value of indirect effect of craving on psychological injury with the mediating role of codependency was 0. 114. The total effect was 0. 321, i. e., P < 0. 001. As a result, the effect of mediating variable of co-dependency in the relationship between craving and psychological injury was significant. The value of the direct effect of self-control was 0. 134; the value of the indirect effect of craving on psychological injury with the mediating role of self-control was 0. 186; i. e., P < 0. 001. Conclusion: Craving, co-dependency and self-control are important factors causing psychological injury in patients undergoing maintenance therapy.

Context: Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is generating different views among women, especially in developing countries, and this has contributed to the low turnout in the utilization of the technology in the area. Aims: This study examined the knowledge and perception of ART among women that attended a tertiary health facility. Setting and Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted on women that attended the Obstetrics, Gynaecology, and Fertility clinics in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria, 2018. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted among 348 women through stratified probability sampling method, and a self-structured questionnaire with open-ended and Likert scale questions used as instrument was administered. Statistical Analysis Used: Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 0. 05 significant levels. Results: The perception of ART had a huge mean of 3. 99 (0. 50). The result also revealed 73. 0% awareness level of ART. Hypotheses testing brought out the mean comparison of perception of ART based on educational level using one-way ANOVA, which showed F = 0. 071 and P = 0. 552. Conclusion: There is a high awareness level but low knowledge about ART; therefore, appropriate policies and programs must be put in place to educate the populace on the importance and success rate of ART.

Context: Research revealed resilience can decrease the effects of stress and improve quality of life among cancer patients. The role of positive factors such as psychological well-being and social capital is separately studied in cancer. Aims: The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between the psychological well-being and social capital with resilience among cancer patients. Setting and Design: This descriptive correlational study conducted on 163 cancer patients were selected patients referring to Touba Specialized Clinic in Sari from May to December 2018. Materials and Methods: The data collection tools included Demographics Questionnaire, Riff's Psychological Well-being Scale (-2002), Onyx-Bullen's Social Capital Questionnaire (2000), and Connor-Davidson's Resilience Scale (2003). Statistical Analysis Used: SPPS 20 and descriptive and inferential statistical methods (Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and linear regression, Spearman correlation coefficient, ) were employed. P < 0. 05 was considered as the level of significance. Results: The results revealed that the mean (standard deviation) of the psychological well-being, social capital, and resilience were 69. 71 ± 5. 49, 118. 60 ± 8. 51, and 78. 48 ± 8. 68, respectively. The study showed a positive and significant correlation between psychological well-being and resilience (r = 0. 797; P = 0. 001), and between social capital and resilience (r = 0. 716, P = 0. 001). The findings revealed that psychological well-being and social capital explained 70% of the resilience variation. Conclusion: The results showed that psychological well-being and social capital have high relationship with cancer patients' resilience and it suggested through developing appropriate interventions on psychological well-being and social capital, it is possible to improve the cancer patients' resilience.

Context: The nursing education program in Iran has been reformed over the past years with the aim of enhancing the moral capabilities and formation of positive professional identity in graduated nurses. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of formation of professional identity in nursing students in Iran. Setting and Design: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Two hundred and twenty-one students studying in the last three semesters were selected using convenience sampling. Materials and Methods: The Professional Identity Scale for nursing students was used for data gathering. The questionnaire was translated into Persian by the forward-backward translation method. The study was conducted in 2017 in three of Iran’ s capital’ s nursing and midwifery school. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’ s correlation, and linear regression. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 23. 15 ± 2. 71 years and 50. 7% of them were female. The average score for professional identity was 55. 61 ± 12. 75, and the score for professional self-image was 20. 68 ± 4. 82; the benefit of retention and risk of turnover was 11. 94 ± 3. 70; social comparison and self-reflection was 10. 06 ± 2. 50; independence of career choice 6. 80 ± 1. 82; and social modeling 6. 42 ± 2. 30. Conclusion: The average score of professional identity was higher than half of the expected score, but it was lower than the maximum score. The nursing education program in Iran failed to advantageously shape the professional identity of nursing students.

Context: Burns and associated injuries are considered as the most severe types of trauma leading to multiple disabilities. Hence, obtaining information from the burn-related demographic variables is also of particular importance. The consequences of the burn include mortality, high hospital costs, and mental and emotional health problems. Aims: The current study was conducted to determine the demographic information affecting the mortality rate among burn patients in Burn Center of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (Sari, Iran). Settings and Design: This is a cross-sectional analytical study done in 2016. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted using the medical records of 629 patients hospitalized in the Burn Departments and BICU of the Burn center of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (Sari, Iran) in 2015. All participants were included through the headcount technique. Settings and Design: This is a cross-sectional analytical study done in 2016. Statistical Analysis Used: Mean, standard deviation (SD), and Probit regression and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. The data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient and Chi-square test through the SPSS version 16. Results: The mean age of participants was 32. 95 (SD = 22. 17) years old. There were 93 patients (18. 4%) aged below 5 years. The mean length of hospital stay was 13. 69 ± 12. 78 days. The majority of fatal burn injuries (77%) occurred at home. In this study, the lethal area 50 was obtained as 66. 7%. A significant correlation was observed between demographic variables (age and educational attainment) and consequences of burn injuries. Conclusion: Considering the relationship between the effects of burns on age and educational level, investment in promoting awareness among people at different levels is recommended to prevent relevant incidents as an effective and necessary measure.

Context: Parents have an important role in sexuality education for children. Aims: The present study aimed to review the role of parents in nurturing and sexuality education for children from the perspective of Islam and scientific resources. Setting and Design: This narrative review was done in 2018. Materials and Methods: To this narrative study, the Persian and English articles in the databases of PubMed, Magiran, Barakat Knowledge network system, SID, UpToDate, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched. The following keywords were used for search: sexuality training, sexuality education, sexual health, guidelines, packages, Islam, parents, father, mother, and children. Inclusion criteria were studied design (articles, grey documents, packages, and guidelines) introduced in the field of sexuality education for children aged 0– 12. From 80 studies retrieved, 18 articles were reviewed. Statistical Analysis Used: We employed content analysis method to extract our findings. Results: The results of this study organized into three categories; (1) Parents are introduced by Islamic and scientific resources as the first educators of sexuality for children, (2) All resources highlighted that values and cultural features of each family are explained to children by their parents, and (3) Islamic and scientific resources put an emphasis on the effectiveness parent role on the promotion of sexual health in children and establishment of a healthy society. Conclusion: These issues indicate the necessity of attention to nurturing and sexuality education and considering the fact that the Islamic community requires to be shaped through its own teaching principles. Accordingly, Iranian society is in need of guidelines for parents' readiness in line with their own culture and religion.