مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Title: 
Author(s): 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    0
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2 (بخش زمین شناسی)
  • Pages: 

    -
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    926
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    1-15
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    5496
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

City of Tehran is founded on Quaternary alluvium. During the last years, several researchers have studied characteristics of this alluvium. Amongst them, Rieben classification has been the most widely used classification rather than others. Rieben (1955) divided Tehran alluvium to four categories, A, B, C and D which are ranged from old to young, respectively, in terms of geologic age. In Rieben study, age and general characteristics of alluviums are considered rather than geotechnical and engineering applications. Study of alluvium based on age can give useful information about history of basin sedimentation and relevant change's trends and even it may help geotechnical engineers for preparing study plan and making sound conclusions over undertaken studies. For doing so, it is required to evaluate alluvium classifications with respect to sedimentation types. In order to evaluate Rieben classification capabilities for geotechnical studies of Tehran alluvium, following subjects are studied in this research: (A) Description of Rieben and other classifications that are presented based on age and specification of geology. (B) Discussing advantages and disadvantages of existing classifications in geotechnical studies. (C) Analysis of Tehran geological maps with consideration of alluvium formation and making comparison of these maps with some boreholes, test pits and site visit results. (D) Discussing geological factors affecting on geotechnical specifications of Tehran alluvium.

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Author(s): 

HASANIGIV M. | RAHIMI M.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    1-7
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1339
  • Downloads: 

    288
Abstract: 

The porosity exponent (m) is a major source of uncertainty in the calculation of water saturation using Archie's Equation. In order to establish a relationship between this parameter and total porosity, 155 core samples from 3 oil reservoirs (Asmari, Ilam and Sarvak) in two fields were analyzed. Based on microscopic studies, the samples were categorized into 6 classes in terms of rock and pore types. Plots of the porosity exponent versus total porosity show an opposite trend between the calculated porosity exponent from core resistivity measurements and that from Shell's equation, especially in the low porosity range (<10%). The core - measured and calculated porosity exponent from the Borai equation have similar trends especially for Bioclastic Grainstone fabric with irregular large vugs and moldic pores (class6). However the porosity exponent values of the Borai equation are just slightly overestimated in the low porosity range (<10%) and underestimated in high porosity range (>10%). Based on these data set, some new correlations for the porosity exponent are introduced. Applying the porosity exponent values determined using these new equations seems to reasonably minimize the error in calculation of water saturation.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    17-24
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    2
  • Views: 

    1575
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Cretaceous volcanic and volcano-sedimentary rocks with basic to intermediate compositions are developed in the north of Sanandaj. Chemical analyses infer to these rocks have calc-alkaline nature. Negative Nb and Ti anomalies and enrichment of LREE and LIL elements in compare with MORB shows their original magma was generated in an enriched mantle over the Subduction zone. Also low ratios of Nb/ U Ce/Pb and imply to their original magma is related to seduction zone.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    25-40
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    2
  • Views: 

    1347
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Upper Jurassic rocks with a great thickness are well developed at west of Binalud Range Zone. These rocks mainly contain limestone, marly limestone and marl. Two sections, Dahaneh Heydari and Bojnow were chosen for paleontological studies. The thickness of the studied succession in Dahaneh Heydari section is 554 meters and in the Bojnow section is 592 meters and being subdivided in 3 members. In the both sections, the succession begin with a terrigenous association that has been placed over the Kashafrud formation conformably, also in the upper part at this succession very thick yellowish limestones are placed conformably and gradually. Sixteen ammonite genera and 48 species are identified, of them 7 genus and 35 species are from perisphinctidae family and 12 species are reported for the first time from Iran. Based on the ammonite fauna 7 biozones are recognized that correlate with Sub – Mediterranean biozones. The fauna indicates Late Oxfordian – Kimmeridjian ages for these rocks.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    41-53
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    1430
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

The Kuh e-Dom intrusion is part of Urumieh- Dokhtar magmatism in Central Iran Zone. These rocks range from acidic (granodiorite, monzogranite, quartz monzonite) to intermediate (diorite, quartz diorite, monzodiorite and quartz monzodiorite) igneous rocks. The intermediate rocks occur as bands surrounding northern, southern and eastern margins of the acidic rocks. Based on field, petrographic and geochemical studies, Kuh e- Dom intrusion is I type, high potassium calcalkaline and metaluminous. Chondrite and primitive mantle normalized trace element patterns for most of the sample show enrichment in LREE and LILE and pronounced negative anomalies in Eu, Ba, Nb, Ti, P and Sr. Such geochemical characteristics are typical of magmatism at active continental margin. High Potassium (~4.8%) and La (24 ppm) contents and enrichments in LILE and Pb along with negative HFSE and Ba anomalies indicate that the magma was probably generated by partial melting of lower crust.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    55-64
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1772
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

This study was carried out in order to determine petrophysical parameters of Sarajeh reservoir rock based on the well logs and rock cores. These data was then employed to evaluate the suitability of the depleted reservoir as natural gas storage. Porosity of the rock was determined from various logs available; effective porosity and permeability were calculated using different empirical relations. Horizontal and vertical permeability of core specimens were measured; the horizontal permeability varied between 0.1 and 1 md and the vertical permeability between 0.01 and 0.1 md. The horizontal permeability was compared with the permeability calculated from log data to evaluate empirical equations for determining permeability. Among the empirical relations, equations suggested by Crain and Wyllie-Rose gave better matches with the core data. Volumetric calculations of the reservoir showed that Sarajeh gas field contains around 5.8 billion m3 of natural gas in standard conditions. Further calculations based on the physico-chemical properties of the natural gas showed that around 1.3 billion m3 of natural gas can be stored and reproduced in the depleted reservoir of Sarajeh gas field.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    65-73
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    965
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Zeolitic tuff succession, In the Sartakht area (Eocene) is located in the 20 km south east of Semnan, north Central Iran. Studies are based on thin sections, X-ray diffraction data, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and ICP-ES, MS geochemical analysis. From mineralogical point of view, this succession is mainly composed of clinoptilolite, opal-CT, smectite, mordenite, orthoclase, and halite. Geochemical data confirm Xray differaction studies and show that Na-K clinoptilolite and mordenite become more prominent at the base of the succession and toward the top, opal-CT and smectite increase. Based on trace element geochemical data, the composition of the unaltered tuff is rhyodacite to dacite. Glass and glass shards - the main constituent of these tuffs– are largely altered by diagenetic and saline, alkaline pore solution and SiO2, Na2O, K2O largely removed. They concentrate at the base of the succession. As a result, the zeolites at the base of the succession have high SiO2 and enriched in Na and K and toward the top, smectite, enriched in Ca, Mg, because of the low mobility of Ca, Mg is formed.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    75-85
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1011
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Upper Cretaceous cliff forming limestones exposed at north of Bajestan (NW Khorassan Razavi pronince). These rocks are composed of skeletal calcarenite to calcirudite with calcareous shale interbeds. Two stratigraphic sections were measured and 160 samples collected for petrographical and geochemical analysis. 11 lithofacies and three facies associations have been identified that may have been deposited in a carbonate platform ramp type. The most important diagenetic features identified, include cementation, micritization, boring, neomorphism, chemical and physical compaction, fracturing and vein filling, replacement, pyritization and dissolution. Carbon and oxygen isotopes values vary from 0.85 to 3.49 and -8.55 to -2.23 per mil PDB, respectively. These variation as well as elemental cross plots reviewed burial diagenetic realm that is supported by petrographic evidences. Carbonate rocks of Bajestan deposited in warm water (26/5°) with HMC original mineralogy.

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Author(s): 

ESMAEILI D. | RAZEGHI M.R.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    87-97
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1111
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

The Tertiary Ouch-Pelang granitoid massif is located in the northeast of Kashmar city and tectonically belongs to the eastern Central Iran zone. The massif has been cut the Eocene volcanic rocks and, based on the field study, mineralogy and geochemistry, is mainly composed of granodiorite, quartz-monzonite and monzonite with some granite. The rocks show granular, porphyroid and rarely mirmikitic textures. SiO2 display a small range (from 62% to 70%) and show a positive correlation with Fe2O3, MgO, MnO, TiO2, CaO, Al2O3, P2O5, Cr, V, Co, Ni, Pb and Nd and a negative correlation with K2O, U, Zr, Y, Th, and Yb and remains invariable against Na2O and Cs, Rb and Ba. The regular variation of the Harker diagram could be related to the fractional crystallization and the scattered patterns may relate to the assimilation. This massif is a metaluminous to slightly peraluminous and typical of I-type granites. It belongs to high-K calk-alkaline series and displays geochemical characteristics typical of volcanic arc granites related to an active continental margin (e.g. a significant Nb, Ti, P and Sr depletion and K, Th, Rb and LREE restoration) which may perhaps connected to the subduction of the Neothethys under the Central Iran.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    99-108
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    950
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Mineralogy and origin of clintonite from Hassan- Abaad skarn centeral Iran, is studied to better understand the evolution of the skarn. Trioctahedral, Ca-mica occurs locally in aluminous contact marbles around Hassan-Abaad granitoid stock. Rare clintonite-Na margarite solid solution have been observed, where margarite itself formed after plagioclase. Coexisting mineral phases are calcite, clinopyroxene, spinel, garnet, forstrite, vesuvianite, wollastonite. Tow reaction between the observed phases result in clintonite formation in this zone (Fo + Cpx + Cc + Sp + H2O = Cli + CO2 and Cpx + Cc + Sp + H2O = Cli + Fo + CO2). Phase relations restrict the stability field of clintonite to relatively low chemical potential of CO2 and/ or high chemical potential of H2O. Generation of clintonite is probably related to circulation of F-rich fluids through carbonate bodies. The main source for F is introusive plutonic and relaeted hydrothermal fluid. Plagioclase breakdown to margarite can explain deplation of Na2O, K2O and SiO2. The model of clintonite formation and evolution of Hassan-Abaad skarn is that the mineral assemblage in this area is experienced crystallization in an open system with F flow in releation with crystallization in a close system. In this area clintonite is formed between 620-650°C.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    109-119
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1050
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Eocene volcanic rocks in Shirinsu area, consist mainly of alkali olivine basalt lavas, intermediate andesitic- trachyandesitic lavas and daciticrhyodacitic ignimbrites. A number of textural and mineralogical relations observed in thin sections and some geochemical evidences indicate that basaltic and andesitic magma in this area have a common origin and are affected by crystal fractionation, magma mixing (mingling and blending) and crustal contamination. These include the existence of glomeroporphyric and glomerocryst assemblages of mafic minerals, inequilibrium textures such as sieve texture in plagioclase, compositionally bimodal phenocrysts of plagioclase and clinopyroxene, hetrogenous composition of rock and the presence of basic enclaves and micropillows with opacitized groundmass in acidic volcanic rocks with lightcoulered glassy matrix, existence of xenoliths and xenocrysts with reaction rims, etc. and dispersions and various trends observed in geochemical diagrams. On the other hand, intermediate andesitic rocks are the result of mixing between basaltic magma and it,s fractionated parts which were contaminated by crustal materials during the ascend and emplacement in upper crust. Based on existing evidences, it seems that voluminous dacitic and rhyodaciyic ignimbrites have a different origin in comparision with basalts and andesites. Acidic volcanics are most probably the products of crust partial melting which during emplacement of basic magma in crust, mixing (mainly mingling) is occurred between these magmas.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    121-131
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    1095
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

In present study Pabdeh Formation (late Paleoceneearly Oligocene in age) was investigated in Zagros Basin (SW Iran). Main goal of this research was elucidating depositional environment of the formation. This research was performed based on field observations and measurements, thin section petrography, trace fossils studies and OM (TOC% and kerogen type) measurements. Utilizing this multidisiplinary approach, seven microfacies assemblages were recognized. Pabdeh Formation in studied area comprises alternation of thin to Thic limestones and dark to light gray shale beds, rich in planktonic microfauna. These facies consist of mudstone, wackstone, packstone and shale beds. Based on systematic study of the ichnofossils, five ichnogenera were recognized in two separate assemblages. The first assemblage with relatively high ichnodiversity (Arenicolites, Chondrites, Planolites and probably Neonetrites) occurs in upper unit of Pabdeh Formation. This assemblage represents the Cruzian ichnofacies, formed in a relatively high-energy condition. The second assemblage with lower ichnodiversity (Zoophycos and Chondrites) is found in middle and lower units of the formation and represents the Zoophycos ichnofacies wich were formed in a low energy and deeper condition. Vertical stacking of these facies suggests a shallowing-upward trend of the facies deposited in a distally steepend carbonate ramp, wherein the depositional setting evolved from an outer ramp with pelagic and turbidite facies (Microfacies 4B and 4C) and reducing condition to oxygen depleted waters (TOC>2.5%) that gradually changed into middle ramp where marine currents (e.g. turbidity currents) had important roles in sediment reworking and redeposition.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    133-142
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    2240
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

The Baghoo turquoise deposit is hosted by Toroud- Chahshirin intrusive-volcanic belt (middle Eocene). Lithological units comprise andesite, rhyolite, granodiorite and dacite. The ore minerals occur as disseminated grains and veinlets in granodioritic to dacitic units. The ore minerals (Cu Al6 (PO4)4 (OH)8, 5H2O) range from 4mm to 1.2cm in thickness. The ore zone is limited by Anjiloo fault on the north and Toroud fault on the south. In order to achieve a genetic model for turquoise deposition in the area, this study focuses on the structural observation made in the field, microscopy and geochemical analysis of ore minerals and host rock. Different types of fractures were analysed and the results indicate a good correlation with standard R, R’, P, T , Y type fractures. The turquoise mineralization correlates with the strike of P group fractures. Microscopic studies of polished and thin sections indicate the presence of hypogene and supergene mineralization (oxidation and enrichment zone) in the area. Paragenetic sequence shows that hypogene zone includs pyrite, chalcopyrite and galena and oxidation zone includs iron hydroxide (goethite, hematite, and limonite), angelesite, cuprite, marchasite, azurite and malachite and enrichment zone contains covelite and chalcosite minerals. In addition, textural evidences show that turquoise deposition has occurred in the waning stages of mineralization. Geochemical study confirms the results of IR, NAA, wet chemistry and SEM analysis and indicates that Alunite was gradually changed to turquoise. A genetic model is presented for the formation of Baghoo turquoise.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    143-154
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1493
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Thick sequences of Karaj green tuffs with the age of Eocene are dominant in north of Tafresh, Central Iran. These pyroclastics consist mainly of lithic tuff, crystal tuff and vitric tuff. XRD, SEM and EMP analysis as well as thin section petrography indicate that a widespread alteration has resulted in the formation of a variety of low grade metamorphic and secondary minerals such as sericite, calcite, chlorite, albite, analcime, epidote, prehnite and pumpellyite. This mineralogical assemblage suggests that the tuffs, in their basal horizons, have undergone a low grade metamorphism in the zeolite and prehnite- pumpellyite facies. It is likely that the considerable thickness of tuff series is responsible for such a burial metamorphism in the north Tafresh area.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    155-164
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    1066
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

The kazhdumi Formation of the Bangestan Group is a well-know and important source rock in most oilfields in the Zagros Basin. For the present study 52 rock samples from an outcrop in Tange-Maghar were collected and treated palynologically. Three palynofacies were differentiated and the results were compared with those gained from geochemical analysis. Palynofacies I (PF-1) with 90 to 100% Amorphous Organic Matter (AOM), high amounts of HI and TOC contains kerogent type II and could potentially produce oil. The second palynofacies (PF-2) contains reduced amounts of AOM, HI and TOC and the kerogen is of type II/III potentially producing oil and gas. Palynofacies type III contains a few samples characterized with low amounts of AOM, HI and TOC potentially producing meager amount of gas and oil. The high amounts of clear AOM in most samples indicate dominance of redox environmental condition with low oxygen content. The HI/OI ratios curve gained from the Rock Eval Pyrolysis indicates B and C areas which confirm this environmental condition. Plotting palynological data on Tyson ternary diagrams and Van kere volen geochemical diagrams indicate that the kerogen is of type II/II, III and is resulted in mainly from organic and algal matters. The potential for hydrocarbon generation is high for the samples with high amount of kerogent type II (palynofacies I) while is is relatively good for samples with high amounts of kerogent type II,III (palynofacies type II). Tmax indicates that the samples are mainly of mature or entering the mature phase and potentially able to produce oil and gas.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesDownload 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesCitation 1 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesRefrence 0
Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    165-172
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1002
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Abderaz Formation, with an age of Turonian Campanian, age is well exposed in Kopeh Dagh area (Mozdooran Section). Its lower boundary with Aitamir Formation is unconformable and the upper boundary with Abtalkh Formation conformable. Inoceramus limestone unit of Early Turonian -Santonian age is exposed in Baharestan section, Central Iran, Esfehan area. Based on 105 studied samples , there are lithological and paleontological similarities between Abderaz Formation and Inoceramus limestone unit.These evidences support strongly Paleoecological and paleoenvironmental similarity. This ascertainment shows the close relation between the Kopeh-Dagh and Central Iran basins. The fossil evidences found in both section are as follow: Whiteinella archaeocretacea Pessagno, Helvetoglobotruncana helvetica (Bolli), Marginotruncana renzi (Gandolfi), Marginotruncana coronata (Bolli), Dicarinella primitiva (Dalbiez), Dicarinella concavata (Brotzen), Dicarinella imbricata (Mornod), Globotruncana lapparenti Brotzen Globotruncana arca (Cushman), Globotruncana bulloides Volger, Globotruncanita stuartiformis (Dalbiez) Globotruncanita elevata (Brotzen), Globotruncana sp., Hedbergella sp.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 1002

مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesDownload 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesCitation 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesRefrence 0
Author(s): 

ALAMEH M. | GHASEMINEZHAD E.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    173-185
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1228
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

The Neyzar Formation with a lithology of mainly sandy limestones and shales is one of the Kopet– Dagh sedimentary basin lithostratigraphic units. As plalynomophs have widely been used for age dating, palaeoenviromental and palaeoclimatological interpretations in order study palynology, palynofacies and paleoenvironment of this formation three sections, Chachahe, Tange – neyzar and Padly, were sampled palynologically and the samples were prepared and studied. Some of the samples proved to be rich in dinoflagellates and rich assemblages of dinoflagellates were recorded. The assemblage indicates an age of Maastrichtian for the formation. Palynofacies studies show that the formation was deposited in a shallow- open marine environment with moderate to high energy conditions.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 1228

مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesDownload 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesCitation 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesRefrence 0
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