Studies in Medical Sciences
Year:2020 | Volume:31 | Issue:8|Papers Count:8

Background & Aims: supracondylar humerus fracture is one of the most common pediatric elbow fractures accounting for about 16% of the pediatric fractures. Loss of reduction is one of the complications after closed and percutaneous fixation. This research is aimed to investigate the factors involved in the loss of reduction. Method: In this descriptive study, the children with supracondylar humerus fractures were examined. 175 children under the age of 10 with type 3 and 4 supracondylar humerus fracture fractures who underwent closed fixation and pinning were entered into the study. The studied factors were analyzed by a logistic regression method. Results: in this study 175 children under the age of 10 including 71 girls and 104 boys (59. 4%) with the average age of 5. 4± 2. 4 were investigated. In 153 cases, (87. 4%) the fixation was anatomical and stable during the follow-up; while 22 cases (12. 6%) had the loss of fixation. The most important anatomical disorder was internal rotation displacement in the medial distal part of fracture in these 22 cases. Pinning technique and obesity were among the effective factors in the failure of the anatomical reduction. In a way that obese children (above 85 percentile or IBM>25) and the lateral pinning location were divergent but they crossed in the fracture site and were effective with odd ratios of 1. 3 (CI 95% 0. 8-2. 3) and 1. 8 (CI 95% 0. 9-2. 3), respectively. In 14 cases (63. 6%) the failure was due to the place of fracture cross and in 8 cases (36. 6%) the complication occurred in the obese children. The fracture type had no effect on the loss of reduction as no difference was observed. Conclusions: Obesity and fixation technique are among the effective factors in the loss of reduction in pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures. In obese children, cross-suitable fixation should be considered to prevent complications.

Background & Aims: Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is based on invasive and noninvasive methods. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of stool antigen test in comparison with endoscopy and histology for detection of Helicobacter pylori in children. Materials & Methods: During four years, 233 children with gastrointestinal problems such as recurrent abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, and failure to thrive referring to Ali-Asghar hospital enrolled in the study. Data was gathered and analyzed using SPSS. Results: Mean age of children was 7. 28 years (range 1-15 years). One hundred twenty five children (53. 6%) were female. In stool antigen test, positive and negative results were found in 134 (57. 5%) and 99 (42. 5%) patients, respectively. Also, pathology results revealed positive HP in 172 (73. 8%) cases and negative findings in 61 (26. 2%) cases. In present study, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of fecal antigen test were 60. 4%, 50%, 77, 6% and 31. 3%, respectively. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that the fecal helicobacter pylori antigen test as a non-invasive method has low sensitivity and specificity in comparison to biopsy.

Background & Aims: The respiratory system is one of the most important organs in the body which can be affected by disorders and adverse consequences of inhaling suspended particles. Considering the positive effects of physical activity on the respiratory system, this study was performed to compare pulmonary parameters between athlete and non-athlete workers in a tile factory. Materials & Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. 74 tile factory workers were eligible for the study, they were selected based on available sampling method. According to Beck questionnaire, 40 subjects were in the non-athlete group and 34 subjects were in the athlete group. Spirometry device was used to determine the lung capacity of workers. Measured pulmonary function indices included vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume per second (FEV1), FEV1 to FVC ratio, and forced expiratory flow of 25-75% (FEF 25-75%). Independent T-test was used for comparison between the two groups and SPSS software ver. 23 was used for data analysis. Results: According to data analysis except FEF 25-75% other indices (VC, FEV1 / FVC) in athlete group were significantly higher than the non-athlete group (p =0, 038) (p= 0. 28) (p =0. 015). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that respiratory performance of athlete workers is better than non-athlete workers. It seems that exercise has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the respiratory system. Therefore, workers with a minimum of regular exercise can have good results in improving function of their lungs.

Background & Aims: Non-medicinal treatments are suggested for controlling Multiple Sclerosis (MS) because of given high the prevalence of this disease, the high costs of drug treatment, side effects of the drug, and the lack of definitive treatment of the disease with existing drug. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect tactile stimulation of ankle by Kinesio Tape on walking kinematic properties in women with multiple sclerosis Materials & Methods: statistical sample of this study consisted of 10 women with multiple sclerosis EDSS 5-6. 5, age 20-35 years, height 161. 12 ± 63 cm, mass 65. 27 ± 7 Kg and BMI 24/98 ± /59 kg/m² ). as the experimental group and 10 healthy matched women as control group. Anthropometric measurements and three dimensional kinematic features of the lower extremities joints were recorded by the motion analysis system during standing and walking with and without Kinesio tape on the ankle. Data were analyzed by repeated measures and Manova and SPSS software with significance level of (P<0. 05). Results: The results of the study showed that multiple sclerosis influenced on walking pattern and the kinematic features and causing walking disorder. The use of kinesio tape significantly reduced the amount of stride time (P = 0. 004). Conclusion: Kinesio tape reduced step time by the increase of sensory inputs through elasticity of skin. The reduction of step time means the increase in the speed of walking. It indicated the more awareness of the patients from foot position and the more confidence for increasing speed step.

Intraoperative spinal cord and nerve root monitoring is used to identify an insult to the neural elements with the goal of preventing injury, beacause of high rate of neurological deficit in spinal surgery, the use of intraoprative neuromonitoring can detect the iatrogenic neural deficit in surgery and help the surgeon to review the operation. We introduced the 51 years old women with a cervical cord meningioma to be operated under intraoprative neuromonitoring.

Background & Aims: Respiratory problems are the most commonly reported illness in children under the age of 5 years and are the leading cause of mortality in developed countries, with about 25-75% of children under 5 years old. Therefore, we decided that due to the importance of the issue and the high prevalence of hospitalization of children with respiratory problems and the lack of similar study in the region, this study examined the clinical signs and paraclinical information of pediatric patients referring to respiratory infections in Orumiyeh Shahid Motahari Hospital in Urmia Let's examine. Method & Materials: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with the aim of evaluating clinical signs and paraclinical evidence in children with respiratory problems in Motahari Hospital. The number of patients under study was based on the findings of 403 patients and the records of the patients were evaluated for clinical signs and paraclinical information. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 software. Results: Among the patients under study, 54% of patients were admitted to pneumonia, 20% were bronchiolitis, and 25% were HRAD crouped patients. Cough was the main clinical symptom in the hospitalized patients. There was no mortality among patients among the patients' experiments, only one positive blood culture was reported Conclusion: Our results showed that in patients treated with laboratory data and other paraclinical information, there are significant differences in the studies that have to be taken into account because they can be important in determining the treatment route for these patients.

Background & Aims: Behavioral factors and educational components affecting memory function in improving the performance of students with learning disabilities have not yet been clearly identified and research is ongoing. The basis of this type of disorder is neurological Identifying the type of learning disability and finding its roots, especially in students, can be effective in eliminating and preventing this disability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological evaluation of clinical, behavioral causes and factors affecting memory function in improving the performance of students with learning disabilities. Materials & Methods: In the present review study, first articles related to previous research on the position under study were extracted from six national and international databases including: Google Scholar, SID, Magiran, Pubmed, ISI, Scopus from the beginning of 2010 to the second half of 2020. The collected materials were then summarized and discussed focusing on the epidemiological evaluation of this type of disorder and providing a preventive solution. Results: The results of reviewing articles related to the subject under study show that epidemiological factors and components that could potentially be involved in students' learning disabilities; It can be summarized as follows: 1-Biochemical problems; 2-Inheritance and genetic issues; 3-Excessive activity (hyperactivity); 4-Lack of sufficient motivation; 5-Lack of necessary coordination in movements; 6-Excessive accuracy to a part of the whole and 7-Hormonal imbalance; 8-Memory disorders and attention disorders. In this regard, increasing the quality of life and improving standards, equipping and efficiency of learning disabilities centers in improving the symptoms of students with learning disabilities is effective and useful. Conclusion: The findings of the present study comprehensively highlights the behavioral factors and educational components affecting memory function in improving the performance of students with learning disabilities. It is hoped that policy makers in medicine, health and education can consider appropriate strategies to implement them. Implement and implement optimal policies in the prevention, rehabilitation and treatment of students with learning disabilities.

Background & Aims: One of the most common causes of the jaw and facial surgery is the third molar called wisdom teeth. Since the presence of swelling and bleeding after extraction of these teeth especially in the mandible is one of the common problems in the patients, we decided to investigate the therapeutic and common effects of the patients. So, we investigated the effects of the cream impregnated with curcumin material on reducing bleeding and also the rate of swelling in patients whose third molar teeth were surgically treated. Materials & Methods: The experimental study was a randomized double-blinded study using observation technique. 48 male and female patients referring to the private clinic were randomly divided into two groups of patients using turmeric powder impregnated as a control group and sterile packaged treatment group. Then, both groups were measured for bleeding in two times: immediately after the removal of the pack (10 minutes later); and half an hour after the removal of the pack. The presence of swelling after surgery was evaluated using the packs and the findings were compared in groups. Results: Comparison of swelling with the Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed that z was-3. 428 and the p-value was0. 001. So the curcumin pack was effective in reducing swelling; however, the results of these tests for bleeding time showed that z was0. 292 and p-value was 0. 77. In other words, curcumin was not effective in reducing bleeding. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that treatment with curcumin impregnated pack was not effective in reducing bleeding while dataturmeric powder impregnated was more effective in reducing swelling for the third molars surgery.