Journal of Urban Research and Planning
Year:2018 | Volume:9 | Issue:32 |Papers Count:15

The fact is that you cannot completely prevent the consequences of natural disasters. Because some of them are complex and unpredictable. Therefore, it is better to improve the community's capacity for resilience and life along with disasters. One of the UN's international strategies to mitigate disasters is to make communities resiliceable to natural and (or human) disasters. Resilience Due to the dynamic nature of society's response to the risks, it is a forward-looking one and helps to expand policy choices for confrontation or uncertainty and change. The space and place studied in this article is the largest city in the south-east border of the country and the capital of Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Zahedan City. The regions of this city have a multifaceted mix of tribes and tribes, such as Baloch, Sistani, Fars, Afghans and… have caused the heterogeneity of the social and cultural fabric of these regions. As a result, these cases have caused the city's vulnerability and, consequently, created threats to the security of the city.The findings showed that the overall mean of mental space (dimensions of social capital (2.24) and location belonging to (2.9)) was lower than average (3) and had a negative status. The important point to be taken into account here is that the average of institutional trust is less than public trust.

The present study uses a cross-impact analysis technique, one of the most common and accepted predictive methods, by using the Mick-Mac software to analyze the urban prosperity components of the metropolitan metropolis of Tabriz. For this purpose, firstly, all the factors involved in urban development and prosperity were analyzed and using the Delphi method, 78 components in five areas (productivity, infrastructure, quality of life, Equity and inclusion, and environmental sustainability) were extracted as urban prosperity indicators. Cross-impact/ structural analysis was used to analyze the data using MICMAC software application. The results of the research indicate Tabriz metropolis is a system instability that most variables are scattered around the diagonal axis, and on the Scattered page, the five categories of factors (Effective factor, Two-sided factor, Regulation factor, Effectiveness factor, Independent factor) are identifiable. Finally, of the 78 factors mentioned after checking the amount and the degree of effectiveness the of factors in connection to each other and on the future status of the prosperity metropolis of Tabriz with direct and indirect methods, of the following 15 key factors (Unemployment rate, Literacy rate, Durable housing, Public transport capacity, Poverty, Gini coefficient, Women's Employment, cultural centers, Maternal mortality, air pollution, Infant mortality, Marginalization Youth employment, Public Schools, Industry) that having the greatest role in the future status of prosperity metropolis of Tabriz were selected.

Government Accountability field of good governance, a strong community and provides rule-based behavior. By increasing the speed of bureaucracy in decision-making and communication with difficulties. The aim of study was to evaluate the role of bureaucracy in the process of urban governance in Shiraz. The research method is descriptive - analytical and given the nature of the applications and the data collection was done by questionnaire. The population of citizens living in Shiraz. The sample size using a sample of 385 randomly selected. Data analysis using Excel and Spss and T-test and multiple regression test was conducted. Participatory evaluation indicators, the rule of law, efficiency and effectiveness, transparency, fairness, consensus, accountability, accountability is. The overall average was calculated to evaluate urban governance of 1.9392. The average value of the test, T-test, 5.2 times calculated that the difference of means indicating unfavorable conditions in urban governance from the perspective of citizens living in the city of Shiraz. Sig=.000 achieved a significant level indicates their significance at 99 per cent and showed a significant relationship between the urban good governance and bureaucracy are. And according to the Beta coefficient obtained in the table, the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable indicator is negative relationship between bureaucracy and urban governance. The rise of one another is reduced in this study proved that with an increase bureaucracy, urban governance is reduced.

The presence of military centers and barracks within the urban fabric, along with the horizontal expansion of the cities, has created many problems in the missions of the garrison and reduced its effectiveness, which in itself poses a serious threat to the proper functioning of the missions Considered. Ardabil Army 40th Army Brigade Army Brigade is one of the military centers that, due to the city's growth, is located in the residential area of the city and according to its nature, it has a vast space that if the garrison exits in addition to the creation of space for development Urban, the security implications that this center has with itself, is also being resolved. Regarding the position of Army Army's 40th Army Brigade in the urban use of Ardabil and the necessity of its transfer to development plans, this research seeks to find an appropriate and optimal place for this military garrison in Ardebil. In terms of methodology, the present study was descriptive-analytic. Using geographic and measurement systems and the network analysis model, we compiled and analyzed the information that was obtained after determining the criterion The appropriate areas for locating in the GIS environment were the appropriate zones for the establishment of a specific garrison and finally, using a linear weighted method, suitable areas were selected as the best points with first to third priorities for the garrison placement.

The exciting term of culinary tourism as a beneficial, new and profitable tourist product, in the last century, cause significant changes and developments in the world tourism industry. The purpose of this study was to model the factors shaping culinary tourism and its effect on the loyalty of tourists in the city of Isfahan, In this regard, internal and external tourists of Isfahan are considered as statistical community. The sample size was determined using the Cochran formula and 384 tourists were calculated which 246 and 138 internal and external tourists were questioned. The research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of method is analytical - descriptive. To promote the research, library studies and past researches of different countries were used and a 5 item Likert scale questionnaire the reliability and validity of which was tested in recent researches was used after being admitted by experts. For the test validity experts' judgment method and for the test reliability Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used.After doing data collection and classifying them by SPSS software. The modeling was also performed using the software AMOS. The results of structural equation modeling shows that knowledge and Recognition of tourists from indigenous foods in Isfahan has a significant effect on tourism loyalty with a value of 0.26. Also, positive attitude towards native foods in Isfahan with a factor of 0.22 has a significant effect on the desire to re-experience culinary tourism and the use of traditional foods from Isfahan.

Resilience is recognized and studied world-wide, as the capacity of a system to protect the identity of the system after a disturbance in the environment-in communities which are exposed to traumatic events such as earthquake. The aim of this study is to assess the resilience of Kamyaran against natural disasters like an earthquake. The research method in this study is analytical and the purpose is practical. In order to do this research, the Delphi method was used. In addition, a questionnaire among the 35 experts and scholars of urban affairs in Kamyaran was distributed and their comments about 7 components: environmental, socio-cultural, economic, structural-physical, infrastructural, management and educational-cultural infrastructure were collected. The questionnaire was Likert scale and had five points from very low to very high. To analyze the collected data, Spss.19, Excel software and one-sample t-test were used. The results of the study indicate that among seven components mentioned, environmental factors’ average is higher than the standard average of 3and it is equal to 3.54, average of socio-cultural component is almost equal to the standard average; that is 3.09. And other five factors’ average is less than the standard average; that is 3. The lowest is related to management index with the average of 1.8. Overall, average resilience of Kamyaran in all the above-mentioned components is 2.64; that is lower than the average standard (3), and it shows that Kamyaran is not resilient, and it is vulnerable against natural disasters such as earthquake.

Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, are a universal issue, and lack of readiness in this area may lead to significant damages.Meanwhile, social capital through individuals and groups’ cooperation and enabling people to participate in collective actions are one of the effective factors affecting the readiness of communities against earthquakes.Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to investigate the role of social capital in the readiness of citizens before the earthquake. This research is a descriptive and survey type of research. The required data were collected using library studies and field surveys at the household level. The research population is households in Kerman city and based on Cochran formula, the sample size is measured as 350 households. After data collection, the differences in amount of having social capital is analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Turkey test and also correlation between the amount of social capital and economic-social base of households, is analyzed using Pearson correlation. The results of this study show that there’s a difference among different areas in enjoying social capital factors, but this amount of social capital is measured in low level which the average of social capital of all households is 24.60 on scale of 10 to 46, which is low in comparison to the average theoretical social capital (Mean=30), on the other hand, there’s a significant correlation between the level of households enjoying social capital with the level of socioeconomic status.

The vital infrastructure is now considered as one of the valuable assets of any society, so that the smallest impairment in performance or damage to their bodies results in substantial material and spiritual damage. Knowing and ranking the threats facing each area is the first step in conducting passive defense studies. What is being addressed in this research is the ranking of threats that threaten the critical infrastructure of the 6th region of Tehran. The existence of critical infrastructure such as: Jalali refinery, Atomic Energy Organization of the country, the subway stations of the region including: Revolution and Valie-Asr, ministries of oil, the country and industries and mines show the high importance of this region from the urban and national point of view. The present research is considered as an applied research in terms of research type and in terms of the nature of research, it is considered descriptive-analytic research. Based on this, in the stage of identifying human threats, a deliberate construction of the critical infrastructure of the library method has been used for interviewing (qualitative). Also, in order to assess the threats, the questionnaire (quantitative) method was used by the technique provided by the Federal Agency for Crisis Management in the United States and the hierarchical analysis model. The research findings showed that the threat of air and missile attacks was the main threat to the vital infrastructure of the region. Also, potential threats to key assets of the sample were identified.

So far the measures are taken in urban renovation, have represented the signs of incapability in providing of public services and the shortcomings of community participation; This issue consider necessity of attention new approaches to land use planning, such as development management planning, which sought to resolve problems arising from the failure to implement proposed patterns in land use plans as an interface between planning and implementation. So, the purpose of this study is to use land readjustment as a collaborative approach to development management planning for implementing land use plans. Therefore, data have extracted by the method of documentary / field and the research method is descriptive-analytic. So that in the process of research after estimation of land price using spherical kriging interpolation method, boundary analytic has done, then land use planning is calculated, afterwards estimated land price; developable and undevelopable land area are used as input data in the LR equations. Thus Potential rate of land (3.39), feasibility index (2.44), and distribution rate (1.72) is estimated, which indicates the justification of the planned area for implementing the LR method. Moreover for finance proposed land use plan, area of financial support land (17112.2 m2); contribution rate of financial support land (0.21); and contribution rate of undevelopable land area (0.28) is estimated. Finally readjusted land plots using the contribution and distribution rate In order to implementation of land use plan is calculated. The results show that, using distribution rate due to focuses added value in readjusting land is fairer.

Tourism is a multifaceted phenomenon and a subject of study between different disciplines such as economics, management, ethnography, geography and political science, etc. Understanding the complex administrative, political, economic and cultural processes of tourism requires a well-targeted and integrated management. In order to raise the level of income generation in the city, it would provide the opportunity to enjoy various aspects of tourism. Therefore, considering the positive and existing potential of Marvdasht in this category, this city was investigated.The data gathering method was fieldwork and interviewed with 75 officials and completion of the questionnaire by 380 local residents over 18 years of age.Analysis of the results through the spss software based on two hypotheses, the importance of the relationship between integrated urban management in the tourism sector with 492.42 x2 and the degree of freedom 4, the interaction and cooperation of urban management and local residents with 136.23 x2 and 4 degrees of freedom has been approved.. Therefore, according to the results of the research, hypotheses show that the strengthening and coherence of the action between the components of the cooperation between urban management and local residents is more robust, as well as a better relationship in the field of sustainable management and tourism. On the other hand, the role of targeted management will be more important.

This research tries to analyze allometric relations of ‎the physical and physical components of Kerman. For this purpose, the required data including demographic and structural characteristics of the city of Kerman were collected from the documentation of municipal resources and related institutions such as education. After measuring the morphometric characteristics of physical structural features as well as demographic characteristics of the city of Kerman, by regression analysis, the relationship between structural- physical characteristics was studied. Finally, the type of relationship between them was determined. The results of the research indicate that in Kerman, population components grow faster than other dimensions, which means that during the growth of the city, components such as exercise, green space and health-care increases. The results also show that allometric relationships exist among the measured components only between demographic components and sports usage, green space and health services. And the relationship between the other components is not almetric.This means that the lack of proper prioritization in the implementation of development projects on the one hand, as well as the physical imbalance development in Kerman, on the other hand, cause unbalanced growth in the city's urban system, which leads to the lack of formation of appropriate allometric relationships in the physical-physical structure of this city.

The present study was aimed at designing a model for citizens' satisfaction assessment and clients of urban services management and communication channels with citizens. The research is in terms of the type of applied target and in terms of collecting descriptive-survey information. The statistical society includes all citizens in the South Pars Organization of Special Economic Zone (IRI). After consultation with experts, 300 people were selected as sample volumes using Cochran formula and participated in the research. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire to assess the satisfaction of citizens from the services of the special department of city administration. Its validity, in addition to Goya's analysis, was approved by experts and its reliability was 0.83 using Cronbach's alpha. Calculated. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, mean and fashion), and inferential statistics (T and structural equation model). The results of this study showed in general: 12 components of lighting and lighting status, urban construction projects status, safety engineering status, public transport status, urban signs and status, waste collection status, urban cleaning condition, service status Health status, green space status, citizens ' health status, social security status and environmental status on satisfaction with public services have a significant effect on citizens' satisfaction. Also, the average (standard deviation) of the status of each of the 12 average components is higher than the hypothetical average of society (0.3). Therefore, the status of all 12 domains is desirable from the citizen's point of view.

Urban spaces have different physical, social, economic and cultural desires as the basis of life and social interactions and the place of doing essential, optional and social activities. These urban spaces in informal settlements as the living place of low-income groups, regardless of the low quality, are the place of doing all kinds of urban activities.In this research, we have tried to find out how to carry out essential, selective and social activities in urban spaces of informal settlements with descriptive-explanatory goals and quantitative-qualitative methods. This route was started according to Morgan's sampling table and 201 place check distribution questionnaires, whose criteria were extracted from the theoretical bases related to the subject, and started by random sampling method and analyzed by factor analysis method and SPSS software.The findings show that the use of urban space in informal settlements, due to strong social protection systems, is a social necessity for survival, in such a way that residents do many of their necessary activities in the urban space of the neighborhood. It’s because of the restrictions of the homes and also a desire to establish social interactions. Selective activities are usually done in groups and social activities in this space are in a high level, due to the willingness to engage in social interactions. High social activities as the output of essential and selective activities indicates the proper functioning of the essential and selective activities and the existence of strong social support systems among the residents.

With the increasing pollution caused by transportation and industry, green spaces and natural areas are considered by the inhabitants of large cities. Today's man has to take refuge in green spaces designed in urban spaces to have the opportunity to think and avoid urbanization issues and problems. Failure to adhere to the design principles of urban green spaces has caused urban designers to be largely unsuccessful in attracting urban residents to these spaces and satisfying them. Paying attention to these principles can strengthen the sensory perception of urban space users by reinforcing the meaning of space and creating memories in the minds of urban space users. The main objective of this research is to achieve the principles of green space design that are effective in improving the quality of urban space. In this research, at first, the views and theories of experts in the field of architecture and urban design regarding the design of green spaces and the quality of urban spaces have been investigated. The method used in this research is Delphi and after evaluating and rating the components and sub-criteria by experts, Statistical analysis of the data was done by SPSS software and simultaneously analyzed by AHP for conclusion and conclusion of the research. Based on the research findings, among the principles of green space design, emotional components by 3.06 had the greatest impact on improving the quality of the case study, the sidewalk in the eastern side of Azadi Park in Shiraz.

Until the 1990s, renewal actions in deteriorated urban areas often are done based on physical-economic and market-oriented look in the world. But in 1990s, emergence of social problems from this renewal perspective, caused to attended social topics based on community-based approach and sustainable renewal. During 1388-92 Renewal organization of Tehran attempt to renewal with participate of residents by facilitation approach.The aims of this article are determining the factors of community-based development in sustainable renewal and review these factors in renewal actions of Takhti neighborhood in 1388-92. Research Methodology of this article is evaluation during implementation. In the first part factors of community-based development explained by descriptive and analysis method.Then based on descriptive statistics and deductive analysis, these components Descriptive statistics and deductive research based on a sample, the above components were compared and evaluated study in Takhti. In order to investigate the views of the residents from renewal outcomes based on community-based development factors, 100 questionnaires were filled and analysis with SPSS software.The results showed that renewal actions have many gaps compared to the components of community-based development. Also check out some of the components of community-based development in this neighborhood showed that their situation has improved after renewal actions. As the residents' trust to renewal authorities, participation in the renewal process and social capital improved. Result of regression analysis showed that correlation between participation and social capital is high, so we can strengthen this and increase social capital and obtained community-based development in renewal actions.