JOURNAL OF ENERGY MANAGEMENT
Year:2017 | Volume:7 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:6

Nowadays, increasing the renewable energy applications in power system, especially wind power, has caused higher imbalance probability between generation and demand. Therefore, an accurate estimateion of wind farm reserve requirements and the reserve cost reduction in power systems with high wind power penetration is very important. In this paper, the reserve requirements of a wind farm is estimated by using a probabilistic approach. Reserve requirements of wind farm are divided into two categories provided by fast-responsive and slow-responsive resources. Indeed the purpose of this division is decreasing the cost of reserve provision by reducing the use of fast-responsive resources that is more expensive in comparison with slow-responsive resources. Wind speed prediction has been done by the ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average), with using real measured data on a wind farm in the state of Pennsylvania. In this study, the Reserve requirements of wind farms and the cost of provision of reserve requirements will be reduced by using artificial neural networks that is a method based on artificial intelligence and is more accurate than statistical and traditional method ARIMA.

In this paper, a new non-isolated transformer less high step up dc-dc converter with low voltage stress on the active switch for photo voltaic converters is proposed. The converter topology is simple, which in its structure only one active switch is used. It makes reducing the switching power loss. The voltage gain of the proposed converter is higher than the conventional boost converter and the proposed converter works in wide rang than conventional converters. Proposed converter has low voltage stress on the power switches and diodes. The reduced voltage stress across the power switch enables the use of a lower conduction loss of switch. The proposed converter can be operated in the continuous conduction mode (CCM) and the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). In this paper, different operation modes of the proposed converter, calculation of the voltage gain, the currents that flow through the components, efficiency and capacitors voltage ripple are presented. To verify the operation of the proposed converter, simulation results via PSCAD software are provided.

In this work, polymer light-emitting diode (PLED) with configuration of glass/ITO/GO-COOH/MEH-PPV/Al was fabricated. At first, indium tin oxide (ITO) thin film was deposited on glass substrates by radio frequency (RF) sputtering and the influence of synthetic carboxylated graphene oxide (GO-COOH) as the hole-injection layer (HIL) on the performance of the PLED made from poly [2-methoxy-5- (2’-ethyl-hexyloxy) -1, 4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) was investigated. In addition, electrical and optical properties of ITO transparent electrode were measured. Finally, the device performance was investigated and compared with PLED fabricated with poly (3, 4ethylenedioxythiophene): poly (p-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) as HIL. The Fowler-Nordheim (FN) tunneling model was used to estimate the hole injection barrier height (j) of the fabricated PLEDs. According to the obtained results, the GO-COOH layer improved the hole-injection within the PLED structure, resulting in the reduction of the turn-on voltage of the fabricated devices. As a result, it can be concluded that the GO-COOH can be used as a convenient HIL in PLEDs as well as other micro or nano electronic devices.

Fuel consumption is one of the main contemporary issues in transportation sector. Because the fuel is subsidized in Iran, reducing fuel consumption has benefits for both the government and private sector. One of the most important areas of fuel consumption is the industry scope. In this area, reducing fuel consumption has important benefits such as reducing the total costs of finished products and increasing its competitiveness capability. One the other hand, focusing on the reduction of fuel consumption, could make disruptions in transportation of production scheduling. The present study introduces a model for reducing fuel consumption in manufacturing of finished goods, considering production and transportation scheduling. The proposed model consist of components such as comprehensive decision-making in suppliers production scheduling, shared transportation and integration of production and transportation scheduling. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model, it is compared with two conventional models in the manufacturing sector. To achieve a comprehensive result, comparisons have been made on a wide range of different cases. The Results show that the proposed model is superior and better than the current models in production and transportation scheduling.

Due to the necessity to achievement of heat pump manufacturing technology as an important step in the development of geothermal systems, a heat pump is designed, manufactured and analyzed in different operating conditions. The heat pump is water to water type which is extensively used for heating buildings in winter. A sample of a heat pump from a famous manufacturer is selected to dissemble and thermodynamic, heat transfer and hydraulic analysis has been done on it. By considering the indigenous capabilities in preparing components, the heat pump is designed and manufactured build a sample with a favorable performance and low power consumption. Then, the sample was tested according to valid standards and the coefficient of performance and thermal behavior of the heat pump was investigated. Test results show a favorable performance of heat pump when the condenser outlet temperature is in the range of 30-45 ̊C. Finally, the heat pump is installed in a building and its performance is evaluated in real operating conditions. In this assessment, the COP of heat pumps changes between 4 and 7 via temperature of the output water of the condenser.

Stepwise regression method (SRM) was employed in order to develop simple and accurate models for prediction of supply air temperature and pad’s pressure drop of a cellulose evaporative cooling pad system. After validation of the obtained models, influence of variation of effective performance parameters on water and electricity consumption of a cooler which supplied a specific volume of cooled air providing thermal comfort conditions was studied. Furthermore effects of variation of these parameters on resources consumptions costs (RCC) for Iran and the USA as countries in which water to electricity price ratios are low and high respectively were investigated. The results showed that RCC does not depend on the inlet air temperature variation. Additionally in low water to electricity tariffs ratio countries such as Iran, the inlet air relative humidity doesn’t have any effects on RCC too. Moreover for these two countries the best values of pad thickness, pad specific area and ‘a’ incidence angle are the minimum of them by which thermal comfort condition can be met (0.05 m, 350 m2.m-3 and 45 degrees for the investigated case). In addition, there is a threshold specific contact area in which RCC starts to increase dramatically. The values of this threshold that is dependent on the water to electricity tariffs ratio for Iran and the USA are 405 and 435 m2.m-3 respectively.