Journal of Urban Research and Planning
Year:2020 | Volume:11 | Issue:41|Papers Count:13

Today, the scattered growth of cities has led to the destruction of valuable agricultural land and the inappropriate distribution of urban services, which has also caused the instability of the urban environment. In the meantime, Encourage land development using urban vacant land and deteriorated texture can reduce urban sprawl and lead cities to sustainability. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify suitable lands for the development of the infill development and prediction of the lands that could prevent urban sprawl growth on the horizon of 1405 by applying inter development growth strategy. This research from the methodology aspect is the descriptive-analytic and categorized in the development-applied type. The required data were collected using library and documentary studies. Environmental, social and physical criteria were identified in 12 variables. Then, by preparing the layers of each criterion, we defined the weight of each layer based on its importance in the infill development analysis. In this study, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied by Expert choice software for prioritizing, the weighting of criteria and fuzzy multivariate analysis model in GIS environment for production, weighting, and fuzzy combination of layers were used. Finally, using the weights obtained from AHP Analysis, the suitability map for infill development of uremia was prepared using Fuzzy Overly extending in ArcGIS software and the exponential population growth model and land per capita are used to predict the amount of land that could be effective for preventing urban growth sprawl using infill development option. The results showed that from the total of 5502. 6 hectares of Uremia, 367. 83 (6. 69%) of the land quite suitable, 863. 55 hectares (15. 71%) of land medium suitable, 1448. 91 hectares (26. 33%) somewhat inappropriate, 1721. 25 hectares (28. 31%) inappropriate, and 11. 61% (20%) are totally inappropriate and the amount of land that can be increased by the applying of an infill development strategy for preventing of urban sprawl growth estimated at 3680000 square meters in the 1405.

Green space is one of the important components in the city's biological system and it is one of the basic demands of the urban community. Green space should fit with demands and physical volume of the city quantitatively and qualitatively and develop and expand in line with the ecological conditions of the city. This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of green space on the quality of urban life in order to improve the quality of life of citizens in Ahvaz. The method of this research descriptive and post-event type. Data collection was done by using two methods of library and field studies. The statistical population of this research includes all citizens in Ahvaz city. According to Cochran formula, the sample size was 390 people. The questionnaire was distributed randomly among citizens. In this research, five parameters of quality of life in relation to green space were studied and citizens' opinions were analyzed with t-test and spearman correlation test using by SPSS software. The findings showed that the effect of urban green space on the life satisfaction score with a mean of 3. 81 and on social and psychological dimensions was 2. 97 in the 95% confidence level in the mean and significance level. The impact of green space on public health and environment of citizens, with a mean of 3. 58, is meaningful at a high level and all parameters of quality of life with green space are directly and positively related. Green space, as part of the body structure and urban texture, has a very close relationship with people's lives. Therefore, with the increase and improvement of green space in the city, the overall quality of life can be improved.

The purpose of this study was to determine the status of residents' empowerment in marginal areas of Mashhad and the effect of organizational culture on this trend. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the population of the study consisted of 240 residents of informal accommodations as well as 120 personnel of the municipality. Data were gathered using Denison's organizational culture questionnaire and psychological empowerment. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, especially regression and Friedman test. The results showed that the level of empowerment among residents was about 2. 41. Regarding the influencing factors on the level of empowerment, the first test indicated that the level of significance was 0. 000 and the calculated t was 2. 296, therefore, the organizational culture has a decisive role in this context. The same tests showed that 55% of the empowerment was due to their engagement in work. The next question was that whether the municipality provides the inhabitants with the possibility of engagement in work or not. The results indicated that at a significant level of 0. 011 and the capabilities of the residents would become more and more. Also, Coefficient of Determination was calculated to be 0. 047, which indicates that the created empowerment is related to the adaptability. The existing information was analyzed and it was found that at the significance level of 0. 039, adaptability was effective on empowerment of residents. According to the findings, the significance level of the test was 0. 000 and showed that the mission component in organizational culture and its role on empowerment could be considered. Since the coefficient of determination was also 0. 130, it was found that the resulting empowerment was due to the mission component in the organizational culture. According to the findings, the greater the belief of municipal personnel in engagement, adaptability, compliance, and quality of mission, the greater will be their ability and capability to empower residents. As a result, if the authorities accept that residents have the power and willingness to change affairs, one could hope that the residents' empowerment would increase to an acceptable level.

Bam city as a city with background of major disaster has symptoms of depression, anxiety, post injury and anger as a Consequences of the 2003 earthquake. The problems of the lack of happiness or vitality of the citizens are exacerbated and it threatens mental health, psychological energy and individual motivation. The aim of research, is to analyze the level of happiness feeling, and explaining the root causes. This research is descriptive-analytic and Sample size is 330 units. Hypotheses are: lack of happiness, limitation in components of the happy city and, their significant relationship. Analysis Models, T Test, Anova, . chi2 the findings shows that 67% of the individuals believes that their level of happiness and vitality is very low to low. In addition, 85% of these people are dissatisfied because, their satisfactions, are: for green space, 2. 6,leisure time,2. 8,sports facilities 2. 5 and living environment, 2. 6. Thus, they are lower than average (3). Therefore, All hypotheses were confirmed at the significant level (0/00). The findings shows that 67% of the individuals believe that their level of happiness and vitality is low to very low. In addition, 85% of these people are dissatisfied of the component of happy city. Citizens' satisfaction from these components, are: for green space indicators, 2. 6,leisure time,2. 8,sports facilities 2. 5 and living environment, 2. 6, therefore, are lower than average (3).

One of the important issues in urban planning is the attention to public spaces. Since the early 1960s, many practitioners in the field of architecture and urban planning have pointed to the decline of public areas and even the death of collective spaces due to a permanent drop in quality in urban spaces. Recently, the quality of public spaces has increasingly become an important research topic in various fields related to urban development. There are a number of problems in Erfan Tourist Region in Shiraz such as the lack of facilities required for urban spaces, traffic problems, and traffic jams, the lack of the capacities required for crowded periods as problems typical of urban spaces. Through the review of valid literature in the field, 23 indicators were selected in this paper to measure the quality of urban spaces. Subsequently, these indicators were tested through a questionnaire in four areas under analysis. Using the factor analysis, the factors determining the quality of urban spaces were determined. In the next stage, the four urban spaces were ranked based on six factors related to the quality of urban spaces. According to the results, Quran Gate was ranked first in terms of urban space quality factors. Besides, the priority of intervention in urban space quality indicators was determined based on the relative importance of these indicators using regression analysis The intervention priorities for the areas under study including Qaem Square, Abu al-Klam Square, Quran Gate, and Hafezieh Footpath were satisfaction with the attractiveness, the economic efficiency of the place, and improvement of accessibility and permeability to the place, respectively. Finally, a number of strategies were suggested based on the insights from the study.

Residential satisfaction influences by a wide range of objective and subjective perceived conditions and it is often used to assess perception and feelings of the inhabitants from residential units of their neighborhood and environment. Eventually, this concept deemed to be an important sign of positive perceptions of the life quality for residents. Residential satisfaction have a great impact on issues such as,place belonging, participation, population survival especially in new towns and new housing projects (Mehr housing). Identifying effective factors in the level of residents' satisfaction and dissatisfaction can be effective in assessing the status quo of the residence, making future decisions in order to improve the quality of residential areas and prevent repetitive defects in other places. Therefore, purpose of this research is effect residential satisfactions on population survival in Mehr housing project in Behbahan. In terms of purpose, the research is an applied, in terms of research method is descriptive-Analytical and in terms of data collection is survey. Statistical population included 804 residents that 280 persons were selected as samples by using a Cochran formula. Data were collected by questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of two main variables (residential satisfaction, population survival) with 36 items. The collected data were analyzed by software SPSS21 and. Amos24. The results show the residents of the Mehr housing complex have low satisfaction of the indicators of physical and Social, economic and access. Equation analysis reveals that indicators of physical, social, economic and access that show the satisfaction variable has a positive and significant effect on population survival.

Local community development topic, in spite of a relatively long history in scientific and executive texts, are considered by the West in the late 1980s as a local development and as a major issue. However, in the Islamic cities, the topic of the community development in spite of its epistemological foundations has been considered less, and there are few written sources available, and the number of books and research published in this regard are very few. Therefore, recognizing the indices and their importance for developing the model in order to community development which is appropriate with Islamic cities condition can make this planning approach more effective than before. In this regard, the aim of this paper is to recognize the elements of the community development model and the method of this research with regards to research questions and goals is qualitative that made from two phases of systematic review of literature and survey –, unreview by elites by method of Delphi. In this research, the main dimensions of the proposed model, obtained from three rounds of the Delphi method, including four components, 13 criteria and 23 indicators. In this model, the weight of each category and order of the indicators importance in each category are shown. According to research experts, the practical policies of community development with the score of 8/31 is the most important indicators in the community development pattern in the Islamic city which has the criteria such as justice,responsibility, enabling and participation in neighborhoods affairs. The social capital factor in the second place with the score of 8/27, fiscal assets of community with score of 8/23 and institutions and influential factors with the score of 8/15 are in the nest ranks. In the final step f third round in Delphi method, Kendal consistency quotients has been calculated 0/59 for this research that can be trusted normally.

Today fast urban growth and personal vehicles in benefit of riders, causes serious drop problems of quality in urban pedestrian spaces and their injustice distribution. The main aim of paper is increasing of desirability and decrease of qualitative divide in five busy walking paths in Hamedan. Evaluated criteria were quality of form, space, function, ecosystem, sociality and traffic. The method of research is descriptive-analytical with practical kind. The data is from documental studies, field observation and completing questionnaire by 15 people of predominant experts. In order to qualitative rank of case study, It is used of ANP and VICOR model. Findings demonstrate the first rank of Down Buali walking path with point of Qj (0). Eram, Up Mahdieh, Ekbatan and Pastor pedestrian routes stay in next categories with points of 0. 2638, 0. 5247, 0. 9380 and 0. 9497 respectively. The main positive and negative reasons for obtained ranks analyzed, based on research indicators. Moreover, environmental and formal indicators with (0. 402) and (0. 038) weights have had maximum and minimum importance respectively. The total result of paper illustrate injustice spatial quality in mentioned routes, However, there is not this sequence in some of criteria. The over physical roots such as economical, social, also management and planning systems from up to down and zoning regulations and aggregation of different kinds of investment in enjoyed paths, have had a great share in obtained results. Finally, it is presented applied suggestions in fit of the need and merit of each route to increasing of quality in evaluated criteria.

Various theories and models have been proposed so far for the sustainable development of cities. Theories like healthy city and creative city can be mentioned in this regard. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the indicators of creative city and its relationship with healthy urban development management in metropolitan areas of Isfahan. This research is based on applied purpose and descriptive-analytical nature. Vikor model was used to analyze and measure the data and Shannon entropy coefficient was used in the process and finally Pearson correlation method was used. The results of this study show that Zone 3 was ranked first with a score of 1 and Area 5 with a score of 0. 781. The lowest level is also in Region 12, with Regions 5 and 6 scoring 1 as the best in terms of city indicators. The lowest scores are for areas 15 and 11. Finally, after determining each area's score based on creative and healthy city indices, the relationship between these two approaches between Isfahan city areas is analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results of statistical analysis show that there is a relationship between two main variables of the study. In fact, the level of significance is less than 0. 05 and the correlation coefficient is positive. That is, there is a direct relationship between the two approaches in Isfahan. The results of regression analysis showed that the beta coefficient is equal to 0. 614 which can be said that 60% of changes in creative city development can be predicted by healthy city indices.

Protecting historic urban landscape against the swelling high-rise construction particularly in large cities has become known as one of the urgent issues over the past two decades. The northern gate of Shiraz city (Qur'an-gate), which designed from16th century to present the most appealing view of the whole city in a glance, does not have a special protection plan. This issue not only pose threat to physical damage for Qur'an-gate landscape but also pose concern to omitting the unique identity and reminisce of this valuable viewpoint. Thus the main goal of this research is to assess visual problems faced with this historic landscape, with emphasis on two integral landmarks namely: Shah-e-Cheragh shrine and Ali-ebn-Hamzeh shrine. The research method is a combination of both quantitative and qualitative techniques. At the first step, three-dimensional analysis which known as the Visual Protection Surface (VPS) technique was implemented, using the ArcGIS and Rhino, to determined problematic zones based on current height and predicted height authorized by Shiraz’, s master plan. Then the simulated pedestrian views have been checked. The main difference between this article and the similar researches is attempted to use an accurate quantitative analysis method in landscape analysis Instead of general qualitative methods. The results show that the current condition of the Qur'an-gate landscape is less or more acceptable now. But authorized Shiraz’, s master plan height in the effective zone may strictly threated this non-renewable landscape. It means by implementing the existing heights, including construction up to 24 meters in the northern section of the Hafez-street and up to 33. 5 meters in the Ali-ibn-Hamzeh-bridge, this 600years pedestrian views will collapse completely. Applying the VPS technique indicates that by reducing authorized height in just 93 construction blocks in a range from 1 to 14 meters and also strict monitoring to prevent the increase of unauthorized density, the full conservation of this historical urban landscape simply provides for the present and future generations.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the residents 'satisfaction with the word-of-mouth advertising through the variables of destination identity, attachment to the destination, emotional attachment to the destination, social bonding, memory of the destination and expectation of the residents' destination in Masouleh and Ghaleh Rudkhan tourism areas. . The present study is a descriptive survey in terms of purpose and method of research. Inferential data analysis using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and KMO and Bartlett's Spearman's test for determining internal consistency of the instrument were used to determine sample size and factor separation accuracy and to determine causal relationship between variables using structural equation modeling method. Findings showed that tourists' satisfaction with destination has a positive and significant effect on destination identity, attachment to destination, emotional attachment to destination, social bond, memory of destination and expectation of destination,and also, destination identity, attachment to destination, attachment Destination emotions, social bonding, memory of destination and expectation of destination affect word-of-mouth advertising. According to the model path coefficients of this study, attachment to place has 518% predictive power of word-of-mouth advertising changes. Also, tourists 'satisfaction with the destination is able to predict 33% of the changes in attachment to the destination, and tourists' satisfaction with the destination can predict 168% of the changes in interaction with the place. Interaction with location has the ability to predict 422 percent of the variation in word-of-mouth advertising.

SWMM is one of the common models used in hydrologic and hydraulic simulations of surface runoff flow throughout urban drainage networks. As any comprehensive model, SWMM needs a wide range of parameters as its input data, which usually involve measurement inaccuracies and approximations leading to model output uncertainty. The degree of such uncertainty depends on model sensitivity to each input data. This article aims to study SWMM sensitivity to patterns and sub-models used in the simulations process. Therefore, alongside examining the effect of 5 different synthetic precipitation patterns, 4 time steps of rainfall data, 3 infiltration models and 2 routing methods on runoff peak discharge values,the sensitivity of SWMM to these patterns and sub-models was analyzed. Graphical and Correlation Analysis (CA) methods were used to analyze the model sensitivity. According to the results, the model was most sensitive to rainfall time-step in which a change from 15 min to 90 min, increased peak discharge values as 26. 5 and 37. 5 percent. In the next level, the model was most sensitive to infiltration methods with spearman coefficients close to 1. However, the model degree of sensitivity to rainfall different distribution patterns was variable, depending on the simulation scenarios predefined.

Identity crisis is one of fundamental problems in the visual aspect of Iran cities. Despite several constructions for civil development, still cities architectural landscape lacks a coherent, legible and with identity. Identity of architectural landscape means a series of features to have a continuous presence in defining architectural view over time and besides responding to new changes and requirements is located in line with its history. Since addressing architecture structure and urbanism of contemporary views for reading out the identity, requires a critical thought on concepts and components influential in forming the architectural elements and especially urban views, we may provide a possibility for revival of visual identity in the view of architectural landscape of contemporary views by recognition of effective and structural concepts. The aim of the present study is identifying these components for explaining the concepts which follows promotion of architectural landscape identity in views. For achieving these elements, the destructive dimensions of identity, landscape and facade have been investigated with the aim of achieving the creative criteria and quality effective on promotion of the identity of architectural landscape of contemporary facades. Research method is a combination of analytical-descriptive methods and with applied objective. The required data was collected through library studies and secondary data analysis method (documentary) and the theoretical principles and literature relating to the study has been used. The overall results of the research show,Improving the identity of architectural landscape in contemporary views in the form of aesthetic components from the semantic and visual dimension, the physical component of the place from the functional and visual dimension, the environmental feature of the place from the climatic and environmental dimension and the semantic component of the place from historical and cultural dimensions can be obtained. Each of them is presented in the form of a conceptual model. In the end, based on the research findings, suggestions for practical solutions for improving the quality of the landscape are presented.