GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Year:2016 | Volume:5 | Issue:18|Papers Count:10

1. Introduction: The Earth's crust is composed of various landforms. These forms are constantly changing. In this change, both of internal and external factors have a decisive role. The Internal factors led to the formation of the primary structure and external factors that cause erosion, deformation and destruction of these forms. …

1. Introduction: ZAKERI Gary (1750) found that earthquake is jolts of some places or significant portions of land to natural causes with big voices like thunder that is often accompanied by an eruption of water, fire, smog or wind. After the earthquake, building efficiency greatly reduces because of thenetwork’s collapse and closing of paths. …

1. Introduction: There are about 1500 active volcanoes across the world, among which only about 400 cases have erupted during last century, only one third of which have had recorded historical eruptions. …

1. Introduction: Wind erosion is a major Geomorphological force, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. It is also a major source of land degradation, evaporation, desertification, harmful airborne dust, and crop damage especially after being increased far above natural rates by human activities such as deforestation, urbanization, and agriculture. …

1. Introduction: Forest fire is considered as a natural disaster and a major potential threat in many parts of the world. It also has a huge impact on the form and compounds of different species and the spatial pattern of plant coverage. Fires in forests and pastures are one of the world's most important issues, not only environmentally, but also from an economic and social aspect. …

1. Introduction: Mountains are the main sources of turbulence and change in the shape of atmospheric flows, and they can cause airflow upward as well as clouds formation and rain through productive mechanisms such as upslope condensation and convection. …

1. Introduction: The meaning of sustainability is an effort to reach the best results in human and environmental programs which are considered to be for present and future. Zayandeh-Rud is the most important and vital river in Esfahan Area which is used in agriculture, industry, providing drinking water and all other economic sectors. ...

1. Introduction: Thunderstorms or lightning storms are kinds of storms that generally are associated with the convective clouds and usually are resulted in hailing, strong winds, and flash floods.Clouds of convective storms are observed in most regions, but a small percentage of the convective storms can produce severe weather conditions and flash floods that cause damages. …

1. Introduction: Although solar energy is one of the important renewable, free and clean energy sources, constant exposure to the sun, especially UV radiation, can lead to some problems. These problems include skin diseases, loss of pregnancy, permanent or temporary infertility, and cataracts (Strom, 2003), weak immunity system, and an increased risk of diseases especially in children (Hoyos-Bachiloglu, 2014). …