Daneshvar Medicine: Basic and Clinical Research Journal
Year:2022 | Volume:30 | Issue:159|Papers Count:8

Background and Objective: Collagen scaffolds are one of the suitable scaffolds for stem cell loading, but the viability of fibroblast cells loaded on collagen scaffolds is one of the important issues. Therefore, the present study investigated the viability of fibroblasts loaded on collagen scaffold. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro experimental study, human skin samples were obtained from neonates during circumcision surgery and bovine collagen was prepared. Fibroblast cells were counted using a hemocytometer after isolation from tissue fragments. Cell viability was evaluated using flow cytometry. Vimentin marker were used to identify fibroblast cells. Fibroblast cells were cultured on hydrogels. MTT method was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of hydrogels on cells. Data were analyzed using independent t-test. Results: The viability of fibroblast cells isolated from the foreskin was 89% on the first day after isolation. The results of immunocytochemical examination confirmed the identity of fibroblast cells. MTT results showed that collagen hydrogel had no significant toxicity on loaded fibroblasts. The results of fluorescent microscopy showed that the viability of cells loaded on hydrogel was 96%. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that collagen scaffolds are suitable for loading fibroblast cells isolated from the foreskin and can be used in tissue engineering and transfer of fibroblast cells to damaged areas.

Background and Objective: Mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) humanin (HN) and MOTS-c are involved in cell survival, suppression of apoptosis, and metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise (AT) with Spirulina supplementation (SP) on MDPs in overweight elderly men. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 40 overweight elderly men (age 57. 50±, 4. 84 years, BMI 26. 90±, 2. 85 kg/square meters) were selected from Anzali and were randomly divided into five groups Control-Normal (CN), Overweight (Obe), Overweight-Aerobic Training (ObeAT), Overweight-Spirulina (ObeSP) and OverweightAerobic Training-Spirulina (ObeATSP). Training groups participated in an aerobic exercise program for eight weeks, five sessions per week (with an intensity of 65 to 85% of maximum heart rate, 40 minutes). The groups of ObeSP and ObeATSP were provided two 500 mg SP tablets daily in the morning and evening. Data were tested using dependent t-test and analysis of covariance at a significance level of p<0. 05. Results: It was shown that AT and SP increased HM (P=0. 026 and P=0. 046) and MOTS-c (P=0. 005 and P=0. 018). Simultaneous intervention of AT and SP also had a positive and strengthening effect on increasing HM (P=0. 00001) and MOTS-c (P=0. 0001). Fat profile also improved following AT and SP consumption (p<0. 05). Conclusion: AT and SP improve mitochondrial function by improving serum HM and MOTS-c levels as well as fat profile and improve metabolic status in overweight men. Nevertheless, the effect of the combination of exercise and supplementation was greater.

Background and Objective: Many cellular and molecular factors are involved in the regulation of adipose tissue metabolism, which diabetes can lead to their functional impairment. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of endurance and high-intensity interval training on the content of mTOR, CRTC1, and CRTC2 proteins in subcutaneous adipose tissue of type 1 and 2 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 36 head of 2-month-old Sprague-Dawley male rats with a mean weight of 280±, 30 g were selected. After induction of type 1 (18 head) and 2 (18 head) diabetics through streptozotocin and nicotinamide solution, each type of diabetes was randomly divided into 3 groups: endurance training, HIIT, and control (6 heads per group). The training groups performed endurance training and HIIT program 4 days a week for 4 weeks. The content of the present study variables in subcutaneous adipose tissue was measured by in vitro Western blotting method. SPSS software version 23 and One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests were used to analyze the data. Results: Endurance training and HIIT led to a significant increase in the protein content of mTOR (P=0. 0001), CRTC1 (P=0. 0001), and CRTC2 (P=0. 0001) in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Conclusion: It seems that four weeks of endurance training and HIIT can regulate subcutaneous adipose tissue in type 1 and type 2 diabetic subjects by increasing the proteins of the present study.

Background and Objective: Diabetes is one of the most common and costly chronic disease. Diabetes can have significant psychological effects on health. The present study aimed to investigate structural model of psychological well-being based on the theory of Self transcendence mediated by social support in patients with diabetes Materials and Methods: The present study was a descriptive study that using structural equation modeling. We used available sampling for selecting 382 patients with diabetes type2 Referred to private diabetes clinics in Tehran in spring and summer 1400. Research tools included Psychological Well-being Questionnaire (PWBQ), Self-Transcendence Questionnaire (STQ) and Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ). The data were analyzed by SPSS21 and LISREL8. 5 software. Results: The proposed conceptual model approved all model fit indices (such as SRMR GFI, CFI, RMSEA) in an acceptable range to be good. Self transcendence had a strong and positive relationship with psychological well-being, social support had a positive relationship with each of the mentioned components. It had an intermediary role. In general, the research model had a good fit and the considered structural model was desirable. Conclusion: Improving the Self transcendence was associated with improving social support and promoting psychological well-being and could be used as a psychological solution alongside medical treatments.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Sprint Interval Training (SIT) on the plasma liver enzymes, liver tissue totalantioxidant-capacity (TAC) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in male rats. Materials and Methods: In an experimental trial, 16 male rats were randomly divided into two groups: control (CO, n=8) and exercise (EX, n=8). The rats after the period of adaptation to the environment and familiarization with exercise were trained 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks. Finally, after anesthesia and direct blood sampling from the heart, serum was extracted for liver enzymes and liver tissue was removed to assess tissue TAC and MDA. Independent t-test was used to analyze the data at the alpha level of 0. 05 in SPSS version 22. Results: Statistical analysis of the data showed a significantly higher liver tissue TAC in the EX group compared to the CO group (P=0. 01),but no significant intergroup difference was observed related to liver tissue MDA (P=0. 24). There was no significant difference between the groups in the ALT (P=0. 26) and GGT (P=0. 44) level,but the AST (P=0. 01) and ALP (P=0. 001) level in EX group was significantly lower than CO group. Conclusion: The results showed that SIT increases the antioxidant capacity and induces desirable changes in the liver enzymes levels and this training protocol can have a beneficial effect on the health status of the liver.

Background and Objective: Thyme supplement plays an important role in combating obesity related disorders and can enhance the positive effects of exercise training in obese individuals. Therefore, researcher in the present study investigated the changes in the serum levels of angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) and 4 (ANGPTL4), and Creactive protein (CRP) following combined training alone or in combination with thyme ingestion in the obese men. Materials and Methods: The 40 overweight and obese men in the equal 10 person groups including placebo (C), thyme (Z), training (CT) and training+thyme (CT+Z) groups participated in the present study. Each combined training session consist of resistance and endurance exercise, and thyme supplement was also consumed at 500 mg daily. Blood samples collected before and after eight weeks intervention and serum levels of ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, and CRP was measured by ELISA method. Data were analyzed by means of analysis of covariance test and bonferroni post hoc test. Results: Serum levels of ANGPTL3 in the CT and CT+Z groups decreased significantly compared to C and Z groups (p<0. 001). However, there was no significant difference between different groups for serum ANGPTL4 levels (p=0. 059). In addition, significant decrease in serum levels of CRP in the CT (p=0. 015) and CT+Z (p=0. 003) groups compared to C group were observed. Conclusion: It seems that, positive effects of combined training alone or in combination with thyme consumption in the obese men is partly due to a significant decrease in inflammatory adipokines (ANGPTL3, CRP), although consumption of thyme with combined training has no synergistic effect.

Background and Objective: Methotrexate as a chemotherapeutic drug causes damage and oxidative stress in testicular tissue. Quercetin is a flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of quercetin flavonoid on mitochondrial membrane potential and neutrophil infiltration following testicular damage due to methotrexate in rats. Materials and Methods: 40 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control, treated with quercetin, methotrexate and two groups of methotrexate treated with quercetin at doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg. Methotrexate was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 20 mg/kg. Quercetin was administered daily by gavage from one day before methotrexate injection until two weeks later. At the end of the test, the testes were isolated and myeloperoxidase activity was measured as a specific marker of neutrophil infiltration and the potential of mitochondrial membrane in testicular homogenization. One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The mitochondrial membrane potential of methotrexate group showed a significant decrease compared to the control group (p=0. 001). Quercetin at a dose of 50 mg/kg could improve the mitochondrial membrane potential compared to the methotrexate group (p=0. 081). The level of myeloperoxidase in methotrexate group showed a significant increase compared to the control group (p=0. 027) and quercetin at a dose of 50 mg/kg showed a somewhat reducing effect on the reduction of neutrophil infiltration compared to the methotrexate group (p=0. 093). Conclusion: The results of this study briefly showed that quercetin treatment reduces some of the side effects of methotrexate in testicular tissue, including adverse changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and, to some extent, neutrophilic infiltration.

Background and Objective: Elevated free radical generation in inflamed joints and impaired antioxidant system has been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Evidence suggests that exercise improves the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, although the mechanism is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of endurance training on the glutathione antioxidant system and oxidative changes induced by rheumatoid arthritis in rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 Wistar laboratory rats with an average weight of 200-250 grams were randomly assigned into three groups: healthy control group(C), arthritis control (RA+C) and arthritis and endurance training group (RA+EX)(n=10). The training groups had trained the exercise program for 8 weeks by treadmill. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test at a significance level of 0. 05. Results: The results showed, levels of malondialdehyde increased by rheumatoid arthritis significantly, and endurance training prevented this response (P<0. 05). Also, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were significantly decreased in the RA+C group compared to the RA+EX and C groups (P<0. 05). In addition, the severity of rheumatoid arthritis clinical signs in RA+EX group was significantly lower than RA+C group (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that endurance training may be useful in preventing the negative changes in glutathione antioxidant system and oxidative stress parameters related to rheumatoid arthritis.