JOURNAL OF IRANIAN SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT STUDIES (JISDS)
Year:2014 | Volume:6 | Issue:3 (23)|Papers Count:8

The views of experts in urban management, public participation in city and neighborhoods are important in their lives. The participation in the decision making process is based on the quality of life and efficiency of urban management and plays an important role. But it seems that participation by citizens at local level and arrangements require the facilitating participation. In this study, the same willingness to contribute to the default function of the sense of neighborhood dependency is at local level. The question is, what is the effect of a sense of neighborhood dependency in preparation for participation? To answer this question, the theory of McMillan and Chavis with a sense of neighborhood dependency is used and the research method is survey with the help of a questionnaire. Based on 120 samples, analysis is presented. Our findings suggest that there is a significant relationship between sense of neighborhood dependency and willingness to participate. The correlation between these two variables is in a positive direction and the more the sense of neighborhood dependency increases, the higher the level participation would be.

Family as a primary group has to care after children and aged members. This research tries to find structural causes of malfunctioned families which deny their duty about seniors and send them to nursing houses. The goal of this research is to compare two different structures of families who support their aged parents by caring after them at home with those families who deny this duty and send them to nursing houses as "Kahreezak". The method of research is descriptive-analytic, the aim is practical, the depth is wide-speared and by time, it is cross-sectional. Data were collected by two separate researcher-made questionnaires for two groups of 200 seniors living either with their families or in nursing house called "Kahreezak". The validity is checked by formal validity and the reliability of tools is checked by internal convergence (Alpha=0.8). Research findings indicate: absorbing to or repelling elders from families is depended on the quality of communication, understanding, integrity and the art of conversation in family. There is a relationship between family trust and elder status. The rate of empathy in family is a meaningful and effective factor. Socio-economic status of seniors affects their family position and finally the size of residence place has some effects on absorbing or repelling the seniors.

Today, the development of tourism has become an important tool in development of rural areas and has achieved a suitable place in rural development researches. In this research we try to study the economic, socio- cultural and environmental effects of tourist’s entrance in Kahman’s rural area. In this research mixed methods of quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (observation, interview) are used. In survey between 257 families, 166 people are selected and in part of qualitative research (interview), theoretical saturation is achieved. With using a theoretical approach of research, the findings show that tourists’ entrance has a significant and positive economic, socio-cultural an environmental effects on Kahman’s rural area. Findings also show that, with systematic planning and participation of Kahman’s people in tourism part can have positive economic, socio-cultural and environmental effects. Economic part, create new jobs, decrease unemployment and increase income, and socio-cultural part because increasing of communication and common awareness of rural people. Also In environmental part increase expectation and awareness of rural people related to environment supporting. With sewage system in this area, we can say that tourism in Kahman area could increase attractiveness to this area and in economic part could mobilize this area with none agricultural income and from the view point of socio-cultural part, create relation with other and among them with other fields of socio-cultural relations. Also in environmental part, it increases the sensitivity of local people to the environment because they know the environment as best source of themselves in future.

the sustainable urban development is one of the issues of interest to human sciences scholars and specifically urban sociologists. The aim of this study is to investigate the sustainable urban development in Shiraz in recent 10 years. A comparative-analytic method and a survey with the help of a questionnaire is used. The statistical population is above 15 year old residents of Shiraz according to the 2011 census which is selected by a cluster sampling technique. The collected Data is analyzed using SPSS and descriptive and inferential statistics. ANOVA and t tests are used to compare groups and a correlation test is also used. The results show that there is a significant relationship between mass media usage (r=0.284), amount of studying (r=0.336), amount of social skills (r=0.336), good governance (r=0.370), ecological behavior (r=0.248), participation tendency (r=0.253), amount of civic rights (r=0.46), leisure time spending (r=0.279) and sustainable urban development (r=0.206). These variables explain the variance of dependent variable at the level of 36 percent.

Social Trust as one of the dimensions of social capital has an important role in modern societies. Justice is considered as one of the features of the developed countries. The aim of this research is the study of social justice effects on social trust among Shiraz citizens. The method of research is survey and main gathering data technique in this research is questionnaire with sufficient validity and reliability and the sample is 384 Shiraz citizens which is selected by a cluster sampling method. The results of Pearson test show there is a significant relationship between social justice dimensions and social trust. Between these dimensions, procedural justice has relationship coefficient of 0.39 with trust. And distributive justice with 0.35 and information justice with 0.30 have significant relationship with trust. Finally interpersonal justices with 0.17 has the lowest relationship with trust. But results of modeling show that in justice dimensions, there is significant association between distributive justice with standard coefficient 0.697 and information justice with 0.447 and interpersonal justice with 0.259 with trust.

In most countries, health has been emphasized as one of the main indices of development of societies and global human right. One factor that has an impact on health is social capital. In the present article, the main purpose is examining the impact of social capital on health among citizens of Garmsar. Research method is a survey and field data gathering technique is a questionnaire. The sample is 381 people that are over 18 years old and selected by cluster sampling. In this article, we use Coleman and Putnam social capital theory for definition and measurement of social capital and Link and Phelan theory (1995) to measure health. The results show that, a strong social capital leads to greater health. Components of social support obtained from family and friends and social participation show a significant difference in the rate of health among respondents. Moreover, findings indicate that there is a strong relationship between poverty and health and in the same time, poverty increases the social capital among low-income households. These households have no proper diet, have unhealthy and unsafe living and working conditions and are exposed to crime, violence and drugs.

This article tries to determine the effect of playing (kind of playing, time of playing and kind of toy) on children’s mental growth (social skills and intelligence) in preschool children in 2012 in Tehran city. The statistical population consists of 630 preschool children in 2011-2012 in Tehran. With the help of Krejcie and Morgan and a simple random sampling a sample of 240 is selected. The data collection technique is checklist and questionnaire. The questionnaire reliability for the standard questionnaire of Gresham and Elliot (1990) is calculated 0.83 and for the standard questionnaire of Tehran-Stanford-Bineh (2009) is calculated 0.91. The validity of content and construct are also confirmed by related scholars. The Data analysis is done by SPSS in two parts of descriptive statistics (mean, median, variance, standard deviation, contingency tables and charts) and inferential statistics (chi-square test). The research findings show that the effect of playing kind, toy kind and time of playing is effective in intelligence more than social skills in preschool children.

This study focuses on the modeling of affective life style Indices on social identity among students of Islamic Azad University in 2010. The purpose of this study is to determine the effective life style indices on social identity, analytical and empirical patterns which is surveyed by related Pierre Bourdieu and Henri Tajfel theories and effective factors. The research is prepared by questions including what is a relationship between life style indices and social identity. What is similar between research theoretical model and empirical patterns. The method of this research is survey research and information gathered by questionnaire from 987 students of Islamic Azad University by cluster and stratified sampling. Questionnaire which is formed by researcher is based on Likert spectrum. Content validity ratio of this research is 0.82 and alpha is 0.89. In order to analyze the information and test the research theoretical model, SPSS and Lisrel are used respectively in this paper. The result of this study shows direct numerical facts of relation pattern between independent and dependent variables; In other words, there is a significant relationship between life style indices with dependent variable, social identity. Moreover, the results of structural equation modeling imply the relation between independent and dependent variable which can be claimed that presented models have pleasant fitting and there is favorite conformity between depicted model and structural model with empirical data; this means that the variables have suitable qualification to be used in the final model of research.