JOURNAL OF VETERINARY CLINICAL RESEARCH
Year:2010 | Volume:1 | Issue:4 (4)|Papers Count:8

Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis is one of the most important and dangerous zoonotic diseases that affect people and domestic dogs. It is a severe, often fatal disease spread from dog-to-dog by sand fly bite. Dogs are considered the main reservoirs for Leishmania infantum infection and they can display illness signs too. The prevalence of cutaneous lesions in dogs with symptomatic leishmaniasis ranges between 56% to 90%. In the present investigation, a total of 503 dogs were referred to the veterinary medicine hospital Islamic azad university- Karaj branch during a three-year study, 17 dogs suspected for leishmaniasis on the basis of clear clinical signs such as cutaneous lesions, epistaxis, weight loss, anorexia, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, lameness, and keratitis. In this group of dogs, presence of leishmaniasis has been confirmed by parasitological and direct agglutination test (DAT) in ten dogs. We could conclude that the presence of clinical signs and direct agglutination test are valuable diagnostic tools for practitioners when visceral leishmaniasis is suspected.

There are some reports on the incidence of mammary gland tumor in most dog breeds in the world. There is little information on its incidence and kind of mammary gland tumor in dogs in Iran. In this surgical and pathological studies the incidence and kind of mammary gland tumor had been addresses in referral afflicted dogs from 2003- 2008.130 bitches of various breeds, from 19 months to 14 years were referred to private pet clinic. Mammary tumors were observed in 93 toy-breed bitches and in 37 large-breeds. Elective ovariohystrectomy and tumor removal were carried out after the owners’ permission. Tumor mass and ovaries were sent for pathologic investigations.Tumors types that have been described in this study after pathological investigations consisted of serosal adenocarcinoma (47), squamous cell carcinoma (31), papillary adenocarcinoma (18), solid adenocarcinoma (18) and benign mix tumor (16) were.This study showed that the incidence of tumors in toy and large breeds were in agreement with the other reports.

Numerous neurotransmitters are responsible for in sensation and process of pain in the nervous system. But the role of cholinergic system has not been properly studied. Thus in order to study the cholinergic antagonistic effects in pain, the effect of atropine (10 mg/ kg/IP) on chronic pain, has been studied on male and female mice by intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin (Formalin test).The results obtained indicated that male mice treated by atropine had a higher pain threshold in comparison to the reference group. In the meantime, this test in the female reference group showed a significant increase in the threshold of pain. No Significant difference has been shown between male and female experimental groups.The findings of this research indicated that anticholinergic compounds, such as atropine can reduce chronic pain.

The objective of this study was to compare the conception rate in dairy lactating Holstein cows to fixed timed artifacial insemination among Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus CIDR protocols. One-hundred-and-eighty two Holstein cows with parity ranging from 1 to 4 and post partum period of≥ 60 days at unknown stages of estrus cycle were randomly assigned to two treatment groups. Females in the control group (Ovsynch; n=92) underwent a standard Ovsynch protocol (GnRH analogue on Day 0, PGF2alpha analogue on Day 7 and GnRH analogue on Day 9), with timed-AI on Day 10, approximately 18-20 h after the second GnRH treatment. Cows in the Ovsynch+CIDR group (n=90) received a standard Ovsynch protocol plus a CIDR for 7 days (starting on Day 0) were inseminated at the same time using frozen semen. The animals being studied were under nutritional and environmental conditions and experiment was carried out in different herds with the definite numbers. Pregnancy diagnosis of animals under experiment and insemination were performed 45 days later after insemination via rectal touching.The conception rate tended to be greater in the Ovsynch+CIDR group (64.4%, P<0.05) than in the Ovsynch group (46.7%). These results revealed that a CIDR-based protocols for timed-AI improved conception rate in early postpartum suckled cows relative to the Ovsynch protocol. Treatment with a CIDR may prevent early maturation of follicles observed in non-pregnant cows treated with the Ovsynch protocol, by maintaining elevated blood progesterone concentrations until PGF2alpha treatment.

Although numerous factors participate in pain sensation, efficient studies have never been performed on these factors yet. Among these factors modifying effects of Electro Magnetic Field (EMF) on both intensity and duration of pain sensation is undeniable.This study has been performed on ten quintet groups of mice. In fact, the role of adrenergic system on the effect of EMF on acute pain sensation has been examined treating with four drugs (yohimbine, xylazine, propranolol and salbutamol). The animals were divided into two groups, the first group were exposed to EMF (one hour in a day for 7 days), whereas the second group did not. Both groups were treated with the drugs (IP) separately.The results revealed that Yohimbin (a2 Blocker) decreased and Xylazine (a2 Agonist) increased the analgesic effect of EMF on acute pain but Propranolol (b1, b2, b3 Blocker) and Salbutamol (b2 Agonist) didn’t show any significant difference in analgesic effect of EMF on acute pain.In conclusion, the results showed that the EMF has the antinociceptive effect on the acute pain threshold via adrenergic system.

As ketamine hydrochloride and acepromazine is commonly used in anaesthesia of hamster and hypothermia is the most dangerous side effect of this type of anaesthesia, it seems necessary to find a preventive method. Today application of thermal pad as a physical method to increase body temperature is recommended in many references references. Thermal pad as a physical intermediate in increasing the body temperature has problems and complications, hyperthermia induced by continuous monitoring of the body temperature during anaesthesia, increasing the chance of bleeding from the surgical region and inability to sterilize thermal pads are among these side effects.In this study the effect of injection of dexamethasone was compared with thermal pad. So we provided 18 golden male hamster 6 month age with average weight of 150±30 grams and They were randomly divided into 3 groups.1st group (control): body temperature without using dexamethasone and thermal pad was recorded after anaesthesia.2nd group (thermal pad): during induction of anaesthesia hamsters was placed on thermal pad.3rd group (dexamethasone): simultaneously with injection of anaesthetic drugs dexamethasone was administered and body temperature was recorded after 10 minuets of induction of anaesthesia.Statistical study of data showed that the hypothermia diminished in the 3rd group slightly, but there is clear difference between body temperature before and after anaesthesia. In the 3rd group there was not a cleared difference between body temperature before and after the anaesthesia.

From February to March 2010, 4 lambs with GI tract disorders and sudden death were reffered to Mardabad Hospital of veterinary faculty, University of Tehran. In necropsy, macroscopic findings were valvular and epicardial petechiae and ecchymoses, myocardial paleness, mucosal gastritis, petechiae and ecchymoses with heavy milk clots in abomasum, hydrothorax, hemopricardium and yellow fibrinus clots in abdominal cavity. Cysticercosis, cerebral and renal lesions, pericardial vegetative red masses, pulmonary atelectasis, hepatic scirrosis and fibrosis with parasitic migration lines were other observations. In Bacteriological tests, in abomasum, spleen and kidney E-coli was isolated and so in intestinal contents, E-coli and c.perfringens wre isolated.