JOURNAL OF VETERINARY CLINICAL RESEARCH
Year:2011 | Volume:2 | Issue:3 (7)|Papers Count:8

In this experiment, the effect of oral administration of cabergoline, an anti-prolactin drug on induction of fertile estrus in bitches was investigated. For this purpose, fourteen bitches from terrier breeds were used in the study at their already determined periods of anestrous. Four dogs formed the control group, while 10 bitches were treatment group. All treatment females were administered with recommended doses (5 mg/day) of cabergoline formulation marketed for use in women. An aqueous solution of cabergoline (casber, Pharmacia, Italy) was orally administered until 2 days after the onset of proestrus or for a maximum of 41 days. The dogs with signs of proestrus (8/10) following the treatment were assigned into two subgroups. Five hundred IU of HCG was intramuscularly administered to four of these dogs on days 1 and 3 of estrus. The remaining 4 dogs were not treated with HCG.Blood samples were taken once from all females during the first days of treatment and then every other day during the beginning the behavioral estrus to measure progesterone concentrations. Induced estrus rates and mean treatment and proestrus durations of dogs in treatment were compared. In the treatment proestrus was induced between days 21-41 (mean: 29±6.5 days), in the ratio of 80.0 (p<0.05). The duration. Of proestrus and oestrus was found to be 8.1±1.9 (range, 6 to 11).The duration of estrus in the HCG (+) and HCG (-) subgroups were found to be 10.1±1.8 (range 9 to 11) and 14±2.5 (range, 8 to 12) days, respectively. The conception rate in relation to the number of bitches responding to the estrus induction treatment was similar, 50% (2 out of 4) and mean number of offspring in the HCG (+) and HCG (-) subgroups were found to be 3.5±0.6 and 4±1.4, respectively (p>0.05). In control group, all the animals did not show estrus behavior or pregnancy at the same period.It has been concluded from this study that normal and fertile estrus can be induced more economically in bitches during different stages of anestrous using cabergoline formulation marketed for use in women, and HCG injections on days 1 and 3 of the estrus induced by this method had no positive effects on the pregnancy rates.

This survey was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) infection through commercial layer farms in Alborz and Qazvin provinces. A total of 2050 serum samples from 21 commercial layer flocks (50 samples from each farm), mostly over 40- week- old were collected during winter and spring seasons randomly. The sera were experimented for detecting the antibody against Ms by Serum Plate Agglutination (SPA) Test using commercial M. Synoviae antigen (Soleil Co., France). Positive reactions retested by SPA on 1/8 dilution and the flocks with more than 10% of positive reactions were considered positive serologically.The results showed that in Alborz province: 10 out of 20 (50%) farms were positive and 10 out of 20 (50%) farms were negative. Also, 170 out of 1000 (17%) serum samples were positive, 6 out of 1000 (0.6%) were suspect and 824 out of 1000 (82.4%) were negative. In Qazvin province: 7 out of 21 flocks (33.3%) were positive and 14 out of 21 flocks (66.7%) were negative. Also, 201 out of 1050 sera (19.14%) were positive, 6 sera (0.57%) were suspect and 843 sera (80.28%) were negative. Statistical analysis showed significant positive correlation between positive flocks and strain (LSLs train serologically showed higher positive reaction rate compared to Hy-Line strain), capacity of flocks and the number of houses in the farms (P<0.05).It seems that the seroprevalence of Ms in layer flocks is high. However using MS live vaccine as intervention strategy requires more detailed studies.

Abortion and fetal loss are the most important problems in industrial dairy cattle, which causing a lot of economic losses to dairy herds. Abortion causes are classified into two major classes. Infectious and non-infectious classes, Bacterial, viral, fungal and protozoal agents are in infectious causes of abortion and nutritional factors, chemicals, drugs, poisons, are in non-infectious class, poisonous plants and hormonal factors are in non-infectious causes of abortion. Many infectious agents cause changes in fetus and placenta which some of them are specific and some are shared with other agents. Many aborted fetuses can be detected by careful review of pathological findings and can be solved in order to be tried in the herd. Pathological changes in aborted fetuses can be investigated by macroscopic and microscopic survey. On the basis of existing studies, some of the pathological lesions are completely specific and can be detected by microscopic observation. To determine the causes of abortion in Tehran province dairy herds and their macroscopic and microscopic lesions, 200 aborted fetuses were collected in four consecutive seasons. After necropsy, the macroscopic lesions in their various organs were observed and tissue samples obtained from the brain, cerebellum, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, lung and skeletal muscle were fixed in neutral buffered 10% formalin, routinely embedded in paraffin and stained with H&E. The results of this study showed that most abortions in dairy herds of the west region of Tehran province are due to 4 diseases: Neosporosis, BVD, Leptospirosis and IBR. On the basis of these results, each one had its specific histopathological characteristics which can be used for the purpose of diagnosis.

Subclinical and clinical hypocalcaemia (milk fever) are two major causes of economic loss in dairy cattle.At the onset of lactation, cows demand is 2.3gr calcium per kg of colostrum which is about nine times as much calcium as it is present in the entire plasma which could result in milk fever. The economic losses of milk fever include: milk fever relapses, downer cow, dystocia and reproductive disease.In this study effect of oral administration of calcium lactate bolus evaluated in a dairy farm. Twenty four out of 48 pregnant cows randomly selected and treated with calcium bolus at calving or 12 hours after calving, the rest was considered as control group. Blood samples were collected from cows at 24 and 48 hours after calving and analyzed for serum total calcium level in both control and treatment group. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between control and treatment groups (p<0.05).

Varoasis is one of the most important diseases of honey bee which caused by Varroa mites. This parasitic disease can destroy bee hives colonies at short time period. Varroa might cause weakness in bee colonies because feeding via bee larves and decrease bee hive production. So, chemical treatments were used in apiaries around the world for controlling of this disease. In this study, the effects of Gabon PA92 and Bayvarol were evaluated. 30 bee hives in Nazar abad of Karaj Province in 3 experimental groups were examined. In each bee hive, we took 50 adult bees and 50 honey bee pupa and their mites were separated so primary infestation was determined. After using Gabon and Bayvarol, rate of infestation was determined again. In control group because of unusing drug, rate of infestation was higher but in groups of Bayvarol and Gabon, rate of infestation was decreased from 7.2% to 0.3 and 7 to 0.1 in adult bees and 5.7% to 0.2 and 5.4 % to 0.1 in pupa respectively. Effectiveness of drugs was 95.8 % and 98.5 % in adult bees and 96.4 % and 98.1 % in pupa for Bayvarol and Gabon respectively. Although, the treatment effect of Gabon was a little more than Bayvarol but this difference was not significant (P>0.05).

Parasitic infestations are the most current diseases in animals, it not only has direct effect on animal's health but also makes them vulnerable to catch other bacterial and viral diseases and even in most animals it even can cause death. This study was conducted to evaluate sheep abomasums infestations in Khoy slaughterhouse from winter of 1388 to the end of spring of 1389, and about 76 abomasums were assessed. During the study samples were gathered in several times abomasums were separated from the rest of the Animal's body and parasites were separated by sedimentation method.This study was carried out to evaluate parasitic infestations of the abomasums of sheep in Khoy slaughterhouse during a 12 months period, in 131 samples taken from sheep 26 samples (19/84 %) Ostertagia (16 Ostertagia Ostertagi and 10 Ostertagia Circumsincta), 12 samples (9/16 %) marshalagia marshali and 22 samples (16/79 %) were infested to hemoncos contortos In this study, 6 of the abomasums hadjointiy Ostertagia Ostertagi, Ostertagia Circumsincta and Marshalagia marshali and in 3 infested. cases causative agents were diagnosed as Marshalagia marshali and hemoncos contortos, and finally 71 (54/19 %) abomasums had no parasitic infes.tion of any kind and totally 60 sample (45/81) from 131 samples was positive.

A 1 year male English bulldog, 20 kg body weight had been referred to the small animal clinic with refractory hematuria. History taking showed that two operations were carried out for umbilical herniation within 2 months.Owner claimed that hematuria was relapsed after second operation on recurrent umbilical herniation and has lasted for two weeks. In clinical examination fever, venerial tumor, and urethral prolapsed was noticed. Diagnostic imaging studies showed no caliculi on upper and lower urinary tract both on radiographical and ultrasonographical investigations, but sediment in urinary bladder was detected ultrasonographically. Exploratory operation was recommended. Surgery was performed through celiotomy. Vesicourachal diverticulum was found incidentally and diverticulectomy was performed. Postoperative care was consisted of antibiotic administration. Hematuria was stopped 24 hours postoperatively. This case study showed that a rare anomaly as vesicourachal diverticulum could be coincident with other anomaly as umbilical herniation. Therefore clinicians must take the anomalies into considerations and have meticulous caution for treatment in congenitally disordered patients.

Cloacal prolapse can be seen in all bird species, including ostriches, at any age or gender but occurs most frequently under the age of three months and in male chicks. Its etiology is not so definite and clear, but management factors, infectious, nutritional, and some viral tumors might be involved in the event. Treatment methods are relatively varied; several non-surgical and surgical procedures can be performed such as some suture pattern around the vent, percutaneouscloacopexy, rib cloacopexy, abdominal cloacopexy and pubic cloacopexy. Two 2-month-old male ostrich chicks with cloacal prolapse underwent noninvasive surgery with purse string stitches around the vent, were treated successfully and there was no sign of recurrence in them.