JOURNAL OF VETERINARY CLINICAL RESEARCH
Year:2010 | Volume:1 | Issue:2 (2)|Papers Count:8

Hip joint insufficiency (loss of function as a joint to transfer force) follows some causes as in congenital and traumatic conditions. Clinical signs depend on severity of joint involvement and degenerative changes. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine and compare success rate of hip arthroplasty in referral toy and large breed dogs for 4 years.Eighty-four dogs with toy and large breed dogs less than one year old have been referred to small animal clinic with lameness, pain and loss of function on hind limb. Radiograph survey was prformed and revealed various changes in hip joint. Conservative and surgical treatments were carried out and followed up during two years period.All dogs tolerated head and neck resection of femur. In congenital cases, weight was not a determinant factor and there was not significant difference between DJD and outcome statistically, but in all congenital and traumatic cases less than one year old there was not a significant difference between DJD and outcome in less than 10 Kg and was statistically significant in dogs more than 10 kg.In our study we found that, weight and etiology were not effective factors on success rate.

There is no data on the effect of maximum and minimum premedication dose of atropine on work performance of heart and amount of Fractional Shortening (FS) in rabbit echocardiography, so this study was designed for evaluation of probability of the above effect.24 White New Zealand rabbits, clinically healthy with no consideration in sex and age, weighting 1.5±0.3 kg in four groups consisting six animals for access to the purpose of study were evaluated.Injection of atropine with maximum and minimum dosage for first and second groups and injection of distilled water for third and fourth groups were observed. Calculations of FS for left ventricles in statutory times were done by echocardiography with no knowledge about injection solution.Determinations for Mean, Standard Deviation, Minimum and Maximum amount for FS were 37.29, 3.355, 30 and 43 respectively. Determinations for Mean and Standard Deviation for FS in group one, before injection and in minutes 2, 5, 15 and 30 after injection were 36.33±3.011, 35.33±2.944, 36.17±4.119, 36.83±3.251 and 37.00±2.449 respectively. Determinations for Mean and Standard Deviation for FS in group two, before injection and in minutes 2, 5, 15 and 30 after injection were 39.17±2.994, 39.00±3.347, 36.50±3.017, 35.50±6.025 and 36.83±5.811 respectively. Determinations for Mean and Standard Deviation for FS in group three, before injection and in minutes 2, 5, 15 and 30 after injection were 36.17±2.483, 33.83±3.061, 34.33±2.805, 35.00±2.828 and 33.67±4.885 respectively. Determinations for Mean and Standard Deviation for FS in group four, before injection and in minutes 2, 5, 15 and 30 after injection were 37.50±4.550, 34.17±4.622, 37.17±3.125, 36.50±1.225 and 37.50±2.811 respectively.As a conclusion, Stability of heart performance was observed after using maximum dose of atropine.

Chicken Infectious Anemia (CIA), a disease of young chickens, can be prevented by immunization of breeding flocks with live vaccines. The objective of the present work was to perform the efficacy of one attenuated live vaccine Nobilis CAV P4 (Intervet Co., Netherland) based on induction of persistent antibodies in broiler breeder and their progenies compared to unvaccinated broiler breeder flock. The vaccine administrated to Ross 308 broiler breeder flocks at 6-week old via S.C. rout. A total of 352 serum samples were collected from vaccinated and unvaccinated breeder flocks from 6 to 33 week old (5, 12, 16, 20 and 28 weeks after vaccination) and twice in their progeny flocks at one- day old. Sera were analyzed by indirect ELISA (Synbiotics Corporation, USA) and data were compared statistically between the two groups by t-test. The results showed natural infection of CIA virus in unvaccinated breeder flock and not only the mean titer was higher but also thecoefficient variant (CV%) was lower than vaccinated breeder flock significantly (P<0.05). But the CV% in progeny of vaccinated breeder flock was lower than the CV% in progeny of unvaccinated breeder flock. Also, there was anti-CAV antibody negative in hens and progenies in unvaccinated breeder flock, so these hens potentially can transmit the virus vertically. All breeders from vaccinated flock were positive serologically. It seemed that vaccination could be an efficient rout for eliminating susceptible birds, decreasing variation in anti-CAV antibodies titers and induction persistent antibody titer. However more experiments need to be carried out to define if vaccination really is desirable.

The objective of this study was to describe endometrial cytology to determine the prevalence of subclinical endometritis (SCE) and its impacts on fertility in Repeat breeder dairy cows.Dairy cows parity 1 to 5 which were inseminated 3 or more times (the average number of AI in selected cows was 3.8) were examined in 190±40 days in milk. Clinically normal cows (n=77) were selected based on the absence of abnormal discharges on external inspection and also absence of abnormal findings on transrectal palpation and ultrasonographic examination.Endometrial samples were collected from the uterus using the lavage technique in the luteal phase of estrus cycle. Collected solution centrifuged and a drop of sediment was streaked on to a clean microscopic slide and stained with Giemsa. The percentage of polymorphonuclear cells (neutrophils) was counted for each specimen.Analyzed data showed that in the selected cows, the mean amount of neutrophils was 3.1% (0-9) and the prevalence of cytologically diagnosed SCE (based on more than 2% neutrophils) was 52.7% (n=38).Cytologically diagnosed SCE was significantly associated with impaired reproductive performance.In this study, 25% of cows (n=18) became pregnant in the next service. Conception rate (in the next AI) was 5% for cows (n=38) with SCE (more than 2% neutrophils), and 47% for cows (n=34) without SCE (less than 3% neutrophils) (p=0.009).In conclusion, subclinical endometritis in repeat breeder cows which diagnosed by endometrial cytology was associated with reduced reproductive performance such as relative conception rate and increased risk of involuntary or premature culling.

Lameness is one of the most important bovine diseases which after mastitis cause great economical impact on animal husberdary. In this investigation, 4800 hooves were studed in Urmia’s Industrial slaughter house. 3071 of them were involved with diseases of hoof which majority of it was heel erosion (%28.69) and the minorities were because of infections pododermatitis (%7.42) and the rest of hooves had no defects. Involvement ratio of each claw to each disease of the hoof of animals during spring season was higher in comparison to other seasons, although in winter it was the lowest. Lameness and other diseases which involve hoof of the animals are high in Urmia and early diagnosis of such cases seems to be very important.

This study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone on clinical healing and serum concentration of some biochemical parameters in dairy cows with LDA.20 dairy cows with LDA were diagnosed and they were divided into control (10 cows) and treatment groups (10 cows). Operation was carried out and antibiotic was used in two groups and, in treatment group dexamethasone 0.5 mg.kg was injected once. All cows were examined and their blood samples were drawn before and five days after operation. The level of BHBA, ALT, AST, GGTand calcium in serum samples were measured. After operation, the appetite and defecation returned to normal. In both groups, rumen movement increased that was significant in treatment group (P<0.05). In treatment group, before and after the operation mean serum level of BHBA were 1.24±0.07 and 0.88±0.06 mmol/l, glucose 29.22±2.66 and 32.84±2.63 mg/dl, AST 127.57±7.1 and 97.09±7.46 U/L, ALT 39.68=1.88.7.1 and 22.15±1.82. There was a significant difference between means (p=0.001, p=0.005, p=0.002, p=0.000, respectively). There was no significant difference between GGT and Ca means. In control group there was no significant difference between means. In conclusion, Injection of dexamothasone after the operation in cows with LDA increases serum level of glucose and decrease BHBA and liver enzymes.

Marek disease is one of the common viral neoplastic and lymphoproliferative diseases in poultry that involved the varied internal viscera. The cause of Marek disease is a Lymphotropic herpes virus, which cause pathological lesions in broiler and commercial laying herds around the world.In this report, the focal form of Marek disease has been detected in jejunum of a commercial laying, on the basis of histopathological findings.

Trichothecium is well know as soil saprophytes or plant pathogenic fungi and contaminates cereals specially wheat and barley in the diets. Tricothecium, fusarium and stachybotrys. Can produce trichothecenes mycotoxine. This mycotoxin has very potent toxic effects on human and animal bodies.Clinical signs of trichothecene mycotoxicosis includes lower feeding rate, vomiting. Diarrhea, disorders in reproductive system, hematological changes like leucopenia trombocyto penia, and pathologic defects like Epithelionecrosis and gastroentritis also would be observed.In a dairy cattle herd in shahriar province, many cases of abortion, diarrhea and blood in the feces were observed. After mycological investigations for other purposes, 30 samples of their ration and vaginal samples which were contaminated with trichothecium samples were cultured in SDA and PDA.There is possibility of trichothecium mycotoxicosis in this herd because the clinical signs disappeared with replacing the contaminated diet with a clean diet. The result suggests that trichthecium contamination should be considered in dary cattles.