JOSTARHA-YE SIYASI-YE MOASER
Year:2016 | Volume:7 | Issue:3 |Papers Count:6

Two governmental patterns, religious democracy (as the form of Islamic republic) and deliberative democracy are the new proposed patterns at the beyond of thought and political action, although their roots and history have been old. The comparative study as an old approach in social science while it’s applied between two theories could lead to solve the theoretical problem and conceptual ambiguities of those theories, and contributes to quantitative and qualitative expansion as a scientific method.Through this viewpoint, this article has tried to study the epistemological aspect of two mentioned theories as one of the cognition pillars of one theory. To reach this goal firstly the epistemology position of one theory and then a brief explanation of those patterns should be stated, furthermore the segregation and similarities of the both theories will be compared in short.The most prominent beginning point of comparison which generally leads to segregation of two theories with regards to epistemology, is monotheism in religious democracy and humanism in deliberative democracy.It has to be mentioned since the most distinctive persons in these two theories are Imam Khomeini and Jürgen Habermas in turn, this article has emphasized on their opinions.

Among the thinkers that research on civilization, with two different expression, Ibn Khaldun and Doctor Sayyed Javad Tabatabai believe in decline of civilization, including Islamic civilization. Ibn Khaldun says urbanization, loss cooperation and tribal relations are factors that leads to fall of civilization. Also doctor Tabatabai says emptiness Islamic philosophy from education ancient Greek philosophy, predominance of mythological religion over Greek wisdom, promotion of mysticism and propound Arabism are causes that collapse Islamic civilization and lead to deterioration of political thought. There are a lot of internal contradictions that Ibn Khaldun considered as principles and this case is our main criticism to this thinker. Also lack of knowledge from foundations civilization of Islam and Islamic philosophy, confusing between true religion with mythological religions and belief in the superiority of Greek thought,  are our important criticism to refusal theory. In this article we are opposed to opinion of these thinkers and we prove that reconstruction of new Islamic civilization is possible.

Foundations for linking between ideals and realities in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran (I.R.I) in the light of two macro approaches to international relations - idealism and realism - with emphasis on the political thought of Imam Khomeini was studied and by using descriptive method and analytical data library was answered to the this question: what are the foundations and principles of linkage between ideals and realities in I.R.I foreign policy? The findings suggest that ideal and realistic components of foreign policy of I.R.I are based and disciplined on the principles of Shiite jurisprudence, including discretion, wisdom, vacuum region, government mandates, interests, sense of time and place, and maintain the system. Foreign policy of I.R.I is not pure idealism or realism but combination of them that is realistic idealism which is based on the principles of Shiite jurisprudence and in the light of this the ideals and realities are linked institutional.

The victory of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad in the ninth presidential election in 1384 marked a turning point in the history of contemporary political and social developments in Iran. Despite the promotion of economic and political development during Rafsanjani and Khatami eras, a candidate was elected who represented different political values. This article intends to analyze the political implications of development programs during the presidency of Khatami, Rafsanjani to examine how Ahmadinejad won the election of 2005 based on the Asef Bayat Deprived leading theory. The results showed that during the economic modernization of Hashemi era, a new middle class was created which established second of Khordad. But, they faced many challenges in the reform era and turned into passivity. This passivity of middle class, on the one side, and lower social class tendency to counter aristocratic promises of Ahmadinejad in the election of 2005, on the other hand, shaped the outcome of the election.