Journal of Prose Studies in Persian Literature
Year:2022 | Volume:24 | Issue:50|Papers Count:10

1. Introduction: Dore Nadereh is one of the most difficult texts in the history of Persian literature. Its author, Mirza Mahdi Khan Astarabadi, has provided an artificial narrative of the history of Nader Shah's era. Although a group of contemporary critics have called the difficult text of this book perverted and misguided, it should be noted that interest in this text, like any other book, is relative and variable,however, this historical-literary work is a special and excellent text in the history of Persian prose in terms of vocabulary and variety of literary techniques. Mirza Mehdi has recorded the history of Nader Shah in another book called "Jahangshay Naderi", the language of which is much simpler than the language of Nadereh. The historical events of Nader Shah's era can be considered as the raw material for the narrative (Fabiola). "Jahangshay Naderi" and "Doreh Nadereh" are two constructs of events (plot),in the former text, the author conveys historical data in simple language, but in the latter text, by using measures such as creating balance in the levels of speech, he introduces it as a prelude to artificial prose. . .

1. Introduction: Maqama was widely used in classical Arabic literature, and several writers experimented with this genre, to the extent that it spread to other languages, including Hebrew and Syriac, and influenced the emergence of the Picaresque. Persian language was not excluded as well,Hamid al-Din Balkhi (d. 559 AH/ 1164 CE), the Supreme Judge of Balkh, completed his Maqamat in 551 AH/1156 CE. The reputation of Hamidi's Maqamat was remarkable. Nezami Aroozi regarded it as a model for writing maqama (Nezami Aroozi, 2010: 21),Sa'd al-Din Varavini praised the rhyme-making (Saj') of Hamid al-Din (Varavini, 1909: 2),Awfi considered his style very gentle and rhythmic at the same time (Awfi, 1906: 1/1999). It would be strange if a work with such a reputation did not continue in literary history. The main object of this study is to search for the continuation of maqama genre in the history of Persian literature and to verify the validity of the famous statement demonstrated that "maqama genre was not continued in Persian literature as opposed to Arabic literature, just it was continued in some indirect method by Saadi and his followers"...

1. Introduction: One of the important literary figures of speech in Marzbannameh is equivoque, which, in contemporary literary theories, is related to semiotics. Semiotics deals with anything that is considered a sign (Eco, 2020: 97) and many Semiologists explore rhetorical techniques with implicit implications in the realm of this science. According to Eco, rhetorical techniques operate beyond figures of speech and are considered as tools that shape discourse in a general sense (Sojudi, 2003: 116-131). This study mainly aims at explaining and analyzing Varavini's goals in using equivoque in Marzbannameh and how it is processed. This reveals the art of Varavini in writing and helps to better understand the text of Marzbannameh and its semantic meanings. The sub-purpose of this research is to review the definitions of Equivoque and to reveal its place in technical proses. Because this figure of speech has not been given the attention it deserves in rhetorical texts, this research reveals objectively and tangibly its types, functions, and aesthetic value. . . .

1. Introduction: In this article, we have examined the function of theatrical elements in the story of the soul belonging to the body in Mersad-ol-Ebad. Mersad-ol-ebad Men-al-Mabda-e El-al-Maad by Najm Razi in the seventh century is one of the valuable texts of Persian mystical prose. This book has written in five chapters. The most important topics have been expressed from the second to the fourth chapter,detailed information are provided about the creation of man, the nature of the soul and body, the origin and resurrection, the principles of religious beliefs, love and knowledge, closeness to God, stages of the existing world and mystical and Sufi wayfaring. The text of this book is an eloquent example of mursal and technical rhythmic prose maaking effective use of the poetic elements. The presentation of concepts in the forms of story and allegory is another significant dimension of this work,this feature, along with the visual effects, makes several parts of the work remarkable from the perspective of research related to narrative and theatrical values. One of these parts is the story of the soul. ..

1. Introduction: Understanding, recreating, and recognizing the authorial semantic field of Golestan is one of the controversial approaches of Sa'adi researchers because its commentators do not agree on its meanings unanimously. Contradictory opinions about the general structure of Golestan and inconsistent interpretations of its tales are so widespread that some researchers have accused Sa'adi of “, self-contradiction”,and have criticized him (cf. Kamyar Abedi, 2012, p. 370-87). Terms like “, quarrel with Sa'adi”, , “, Sa'adi phobia”, , and “, killing Sa'adi”,(cf. Homā, youn Kā, touzī, an, 2017, p. 116-139) and many reckless insults to Sa'adi show the inconsistency of the proposed interpretations about his works particularly Golestan. . .

1. Introduction: Persian literature is one of the most prolific literatures in the world, in such a way that Persian poets and writers have left amazing works for the future. One of these outstanding works is the valuable book Nafsat al-Masdour. Its author is "Shahab al-Din Mohammad Ibn Ahmad Monshy Khorandzi Zaidari Nesawi, the secretary of Soltan Jalal alDin Kharazmshah" (Safa, 1986: 3/246). Zaidari Nesawi, the owner of Kharazmshah's essay, has witnessed many events and atrocities of the Mongols at first hand. On the other hand, his existence is full of poetic feelings,for this reason, he has left such a legacy that not only those who are interested in history, but also scholars of Persian literature, have benefited from reading it. . .

1. Introduction: Ā, dā, b al-Harb w'al-Š, ajā, ’, a is written by Muhammad-ibn Mansour-ibn Sa'ī, d, nicknamed Mobā, rakš, ā, h and known as Faḵ, r Modabber, one of the early 7 th century A. H. writers. Fakhr Modabber authored this book in forty chapters on the subject of governance, hippology, and militarism and dedicated it to Soltā, n Iltutmuš, , King of India (d. 607633). Ā, dā, b al-Harb w'al-Š, ajā, ’, a was published in 1976 by Ahmad Sohaylī,Ḵ, ā, nsā, rī,based on six manuscripts. In 1976, Moḥ, ammad Sarvar Molā, ʾ, ī,in a treatise entitled "Ā, eī, n-e Keš, vardâ, rī, " published six new chapters of the text, which were not published by Sohaylī,Khā, nsā, rī, . He has arranged these six chapters from the manuscripts of the Indian court having a different name Ā, dā, b al-Molū, k wa Kefā, yat al-Mamlū, k. . .

1. Introduction: The wonder books, which contain a collection of teachings of past ages regarding various fields such as the creation of creatures, the sky and constellations, geography, zoology, botany, mineralogy and anthropology, etc., are mainly among the foremost scientific sources. That is why it is important to be familiar with them in order to study the subjects of creation, ontology, history of science, and the schools that influence the formation of topics. In the history of Islamic philosophy, Corben mentions the authors of the Wonder Books as "encyclopedists" and considers some of them to be representatives of the "universal phenomenon" of philosophers. Of course, he believes that these writers, by delving into the details, reflect views "that philosophers could not address in their natural and divine treatises" (Corben, 2001: 392). . .

1. Introduction Samak-e Ayyar by Faramarz ibn Khodadad Arrajani is a Persian folk tale. The exact date of writing this story is unknown,Mohammad Jafar Mahjoub introduces this story as “, the oldest Iranian myth that emerged in the sixth century”,(Mahjoub, 2007: 593). Only one manuscript of this oldest legend has survived and is kept in Bodleian Library, Oxford University. Based on this manuscript, Parviz NatelKhanlari wrote a textual criticism of Samak-e Ayyar and published it in five volumes. In a separate volume entitled The City of Samak, he discusses the cultural and social issues of the book. Finally, the meanings of many words and combinations of this story are recorded under the “, Glossary”,in the final part of The City of Samak. In the only manuscript of this story, there are slips in recording some words. The book’, s textual critic has corrected some of these slips and included the face in the footnotes. However, several errors remain in the textually criticized text that has not been addressed in any article. In this article, these errors are corrected. In addition, the meaning of some words that have been missed from The City of Samak is presented...

1. Introduction Tabashir Al-Hikma is one of the remarkable literary works of the Qajar period, which was written with an approach toward simplification and literary return. One of the crucial topics of Tabashir al-Hikma is the narration of the concept of Noor-e-Mohammadi (Light of Muhammad), and all the miraculous events about it. Seemingly the author has been particularly attentive to the event of the birth of Mohammad Mustafa (PBUH) from the book “, History of Sistan”, . Analyzing the History of Sistan as one of the pioneer texts of Farsi prose that has narrated Noor-e-Mohammadi, along with examining Tabashir al-Hikma which is one of the latest books to deal with this matter, and comparing these two works is clearly of great importance. Such comparison can relate and integrate a thousand years of Persian literature from the perspective of narrating extraordinary phenomena. Using narrative perspectives, this study intends to review the linguistic potentialities and narrative techniques of these two books. This article can help to promote historiography, mysticism and the creation of magical realism stories in Farsi. Hence, doing so seems necessary...