JOURNAL OF CRITICAL LITERATURE AND HUMANITIES
Year:2019 | Volume:18 | Issue:11 (63) |Papers Count:10

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the weaknesses and strengths of the book entitled "Teaching Methods of Arabic Language" by Ali Aḥ mad Madkour based on the quality indicators of educational books. The research method is descriptive and the focus is on the content analysis. The main research tool is the "check list" of content analysis, the main components of which are the quality indicators of educational books. The results of this research demonstrated that this book lacks some general quality indicators such as proper page layout, introduction, purpose explanation, summary of chapters, results and suggestions, and some content quality indicators such as explaining theoretical and practical principles, accuracy in expressing opinions, and referring. However, some of the indicators, such as clarity and coordination between the main and the subtitle, the coordination between the chapters, the critical approach in expressing the issues, the accuracy of the use of specialized terminology and methodology are the most important points of the book.

Using a series of criteria, literary criticism is concerned with the study of literary works from the start explaining the works, their elements and concepts, and clarifying their weaknesses and strengths; ultimately, it helps to improve the quality of the work. These attempts of division of critical theories under literary doctrines can be considered as good examples, and the book "Approach of Realism in Literary Creativity" by Salah Fadl fits the critique in this model. This research attempts to answer a fundamental dilemma: To what extent did this book succeed in completing the explanation of status and criticism of the realist doctrine? The analytical methodological method shows that the book has had great success in explaining the reality theories, whether in form or content, although there are some shortcomings such as the lack of concrete and tangible evidence in the literary texts.

Critical analysis increases the efficiency of considered text in different aspects. They reveal positive and negative features of the text. Rhetoric books are no exception from this evaluation. Evaluating rhetoric books is important due to two points: Enhancing/Improving quality of educational rhetoric books and finding modern rhetoric viewpoints and comparing them with other rhetoric results. The purpose of this article is to evaluate lessons of Arabic rhetoric toward a new idea from two perspectives: Efficiency level in rhetoric as well academic education. The method of analysis is analytic and descriptive. The paper aims to analyze the positive and negative aspects of the book by first reporting the context of the book. In addition, it aims to show AlAzhar’ s book view for academic tuition all over the world. The results of this research show the book "Lessons of Arabic Rhetoric toward a New Idea", has compounded classic rhetoric with modern masterful rhetoric discovery. However, the frame of the book turns around classic rhetoric. This book can be taught in basic levels (BA) as a main source and in high levels (MA) as a derivative source. Although the writer has done his best, he has not paid attention to some classic rhetoric discussions.

The translation critique has its place in the scientific community in our contemporary world, since the correct criticism corrects and revises the translation and makes a clear mirror for the translator to see the pros and cons of his work, Because of this place, the present paper seeks to provide a critical analysis of Sayyed Hosein Sayyedis translation Entitled “ “ Contemporary Arabic Poetry, Its Issues and Its Artistic and Moral Phenomena” that is compiled by “ Ezzoddin Ismaeil” . This critical analysis is based on the descriptive analytical approach, divided into two parts, a section dealing with content, and we are concerned in this section with the original text because the translation did not benefit us, and the other section deals with how to translate in terms of meaning and structure. The results of this research show that the issues of the book are both comprehensive and fresh book although it was published years ago. Besides, it has some flaws in the research methodology. Additionally, in terms of translation, the book is full of translation errors and semantic errors, especially in the translation of poems.

Over the last century, Contemporary Arabic prose has changed widely, so studying its formation and evolution requires careful and comprehensive research because of the geographic extent and the subject. The book entitled “ Studies in Modern Arabic Literature (Prose)” by Mohammad Ahmed Rabea and Salem Ahmed Hamdaniis is an example of the various works that have been written in this field. This study, in addition to the historical approach which introduces some selective examples of Arabic prose in contemporary era, tries to introduce its analysis to the readers. in order to find an answer to see whether this book can be introduced as a teaching text for the course of contemporary prose texts for bachelor degree in Arabic Language and Literature or not, it must be said that in order to not to follow the regular approach in analyzing texts, and because of its non-comprehensive examples, it cannotbe introduced as a comprehensive reference book in the field, and it does not meet the needs of students. This article tried to analyze the form and content of the book, and some content weaknesses were found.

During the recent years, many studies have been conducted on the reformist attempts, and some scientists have played a key role in this field. One of these scientists is Tammam Hassan who has presented his reformist opinion in his popular book named “ Meaning and Basis of Arabic Words” . In the fifth chapter of this book, Tammam Hassan has explained about vocabulary and spiritual symbols and role in understanding the meaning. Moreover, he considers eight vocabulary symbols and nine spiritual symbols and explains the effect of each of them in understanding the meaning. Introducing correlation of symbols’ theory, this article aims to investigate the dimensions of this theory and review the effect of this theory in understanding the meaning. Results of research show that this theory is capable to review different texts and allow researchers to have comprehensive view toward text and get the meaning of that by vocabulary and spiritual symbols.

One of the most importing factors in teaching Arabic Language for non-Arabic speakers; is choosing a text book. Actually, a textbook is considered as a book that involves academic contents. Hence, authors and experts believe that the selected textbook should involve the features of a good quality book. On the other hand, most organizations and institutes demand the necessity of compiling a good Arabic textbook due to the lack of appropriate textbook in teaching Arabic language in academic levels for non-Arabic speakers and a significant difference between composing textbooks in (Arabic) as a first language and as a language for non-Arabic speakers. This study seeks to identify appropriate indicators and standards for composing appropriate textbook by analyzing the series of (Alkilabi in learning Arabic) as one of the first and most famous books in this field in other countries. The study shows that Alketab series contain many features of a good book, but it is not inappropriate to be adopted as the main resource at universities or institutes due to Islamic cultural conflicts.

The poetry forms of Stanzas and Zajal and the topics that Andalusian poets address to them are among the issues that are still of interest to the researchers. In this article, we review Mohammad Abbasa's book, which is one of the last studies on this subject. In addition to providing comprehensive information on the Arabic poetry in Andalusia, especially the poetry of Stanzas and Zajal, he presents a new theory in which these two types of poetry are part of the poetry initiatives of the region and its emergence, not influenced by Arabic poetry in the East or European poetry in the West. According to this theory, contrary to the opinion of many scholars, Stanzas and Zajal have been influenced by part of European poetry called Troubadour; conversely, they are not correct. The descriptive content analysis method was used for criticism and reviewing the effect of this topic. According to the review, Mohammad Abbasa's theory is largely acceptable, but still parts of it need more indicia.

The book of “ Literary Studies Theory and Implications for Quranic Texts” is a group of lectures which have been taught by Alraghib in Aleppo University where he put them in an independent book in 2005 for many purposes like a. readers’ awareness by statement miracle, b. understanding the expressions of Quran's secrets and getting up its statement. This article discussed, explained and searched in the characters, describing, and analyzing the book. He tried to find the places of seriousness and simulation then put proposals for modification to be a useful way in the Iranian University Curriculums which are as follows: giving a curriculum and originality for study, interesting in documentation and employing the margins, reconsidering in the rules regulation, Prevention the dominance of sub studies up on the basic ones, or the religion style up on the technical one, investigation of seriousness by providing logical and objective answers which can fight learners, and Providing the book with exercises and supplements. The Research methodology is descriptive, and the analysis tends to have extrapolation.

Comparative literature does not have the same and specific meaning. Actually, as a result of extensive alteration of meanings (eloquence) and development in the region of research, it can be said that nowadays just the mentality of accosting by literature and different cultures are dominant. Arab’ s researchers are increasing and their approaches are varied. As a matter of fact, they are interested in searching a specific identity for Arab’ s comparative literature, an identity that does not have any dependence on west and its matters. However, talking about Arab’ s comparative literature is still new. This paper makes an attempt to study Ahmad Abdolaziz’ s book entitled Nahva Nazariyya Jadida Leladab Almogharan by using descriptive and analytical and comparative ways; it also aims to review the positive points, difficulties, and content issues. This book is published in two copies and the author invited the readers to a new comparative literature bravely. But, the result shows that his attempt is an approach between France classicism and American unbridle and free ideology. He refers to France theory in the comparative part, and it is not an exaggeration if he said we cannot find anyspecific book’ s idea in the world of comparative literature as well as Arab comparative literature.