MARIFAT I FARHANGI AND EJTEMAII
Year:2011 | Volume:2 | Issue:3 (7)|Papers Count:7

Epistemologists and philosophers of science try to get familiar with and make explicit the nature of science by adopting a logical philosophical approach. As for the sociologists of science and knowledge, they try to investigate why and how sciences have taken form in a scientist's mind and consciousness and in the culture and collective consciousness of society.Mass media, like any other social phenomena, influence the process of science production. It is necessary to deal with three issues before discussing how mass media influence the production of religious sciences: 1- selecting a satisfactory definition of religious science; 2- adopting an explanation of how religious science is produced by a scientist and accepting it as a science by society; 3- noticing the theories which are discussed in terms of mass media's effects on society and individual. The present paper concentrates on media's role in the process of the production of Islamic human sciences by reviewing the cognitive and non-cognitive factors involved in the process of production of religious science and some of the theories on "media's effects".

 doubt, it is impossible, or perhaps very difficult, to have an exact and correct understanding of the theme of social theories without knowing their intellectual and philosophical principles. The theory of feminism is a trend-social theory whose thoughts depend on its intellectual and philosophical principles. The present paper tries to analyze feministic methodology by focusing on the radical and post-modern feminists and the challenges facing this theory. Using a descriptive- explanatory method, this paper answers the following questions: What is feministic methodology? What are its epistemological, ontological, and anthropological principles? What, according to the realism of Sadraian philosophy, are the defects of feministic methodology? The research findings show that wisdom and rationality are human indexes and that the gender of knowing agent does not have any role in human knowledge. Due to their negligence of man's rational identity, feminists consider knowledge as a gender-related phenomenon ensnared in relativism, which leads to skepticism.

Today, man has to be concerned about the nature and man's environment, although deceptive technology tries to decorate the suffocating ugliness which the culture of modernization has brought to replace virgin nature's harmony, beauty, and quiescence. The present paper tries to study this issue by making a comparison between the Quranic perspective and the view adopted by some of the scholars of modern sciences. Unrestrained technology, population surplus, consuming goods surplus and capitalist system have brought to man this crisis, the solution of which requires controlling this situation. According to the Quranic perspective, this problem is an outcome of the new worldview and changes in man's attitude towards himself and towards nature; an attitude which is rooted in the foundations of modern science and modernistic thought, and which has led man to be separated from the heavenly and spiritual view on nature and the aggressive and selfish use of nature.

One of the classic theories in the field of sociology is functionalism. The methodological framework of this theory was established by Emil Durkheim and it developed in France and spread to Europe and America. This paper does not seek to analyze the nature of Durkheim's functionalism; rather, it is a kind of analysis meta-theoretical subjects which investigate the epistemological and ontological principles of scientific by adopting following fundamental methodology. The ontological, anthropological and epistemological principles of Durkheim's theory are made clear by analyzing it by fundamental methodology and this prepares the grounds for criticizing it. It can be said that in the view of ontology, epistemology and anthropology, Durkheim's theory of functionalism has fallen into reductionism which made this theory open to serious criticisms.

The present paper deals with one of the methods of qualitative research called "discourse analysis method". There is no clear consensus on what the nature of discourse is or what its different dimensions are. The way these discourses function and how to analyze them differ according to the different definitions and the way scientists analyze them. A discourse is simply defined as "particular way of talking about the world and understanding it". This paper deals with discourse analysis in the view of Michel Foucault a contemporary scientist, Foucault's theory about discourse analysis has undergone some changes and it is now known as Fukuyama's genealogy. This paper touches on Foucault's thoughts about discourse analysis and sheds light on the constituent elements of his discourse analysis. Also, an instance of the research in which this method is used is acted in order to show its application.

Family represents the solid pillar of society. This institution has undergone different structural changes throughout the ages. Every society needs to set down typical indexes for itself in order to be able to choose the proper way, and organize its own social conditions in the changing circumstances. Religious-Islamic texts are replete with the information, through which one can have access to these indexes. This paper tries to have a probing look into the ideal family model. So, attempts have been made to find the rational and traditional evidence concerning this topic. All traditional and rational evidence urges us to follow the third family model although it is more or less similar to a nuclear family.

SMS news is considered a new phenomenon in the sphere of the flow of information. This phenomenon, which is broadly used media and public organizations in our country, has serious problems, some of which are related to the processes of the flow of information and some are related to its effects on society. The present paper tries to provide practical mechanisms for solving these problems by reviewing the history of this technology in the world and in Iran and making a list of the main problems. The major part of these discussions is related to the mechanisms used by the media unit which sends SMS.