IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING (IJPN)
Year:2017 | Volume:5 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

Introduction: General health is one of the important psychological characteristics. The most important variables related to nurses' general health include social capital and organizational citizenship behavior. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between social capital and organizational citizenship behavior with nurses' general health.Methods: This descriptive, analytical and correlational study was conducted on all nurses of governmental hospitals in west Mazandaran in 2016. Two hundred nurses were selected by the stratified random sampling method and completed the questionnaires of general health, social capital and organizational citizenship behavior. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression models with a step by step model by the SPSS 19 software.Results: The results showed a negative significant relationship between social capital and organizational citizenship behavior with the nurses' general health. The high score in the general health questionnaire was meant as low in general health. Thus, by increasing social capital and organizational citizenship behavior, the general health of nurses will increase. Also, the variables were able to predict 33.7% of changes in general health of nurses. The share of organizational citizenship behavior was greater than social capital (P<0.01).Conclusions: It is suggested that planners, counselors, and therapists take care about the signs of the variables of organizational citizenship behavior and social capital, and then design and implement appropriate programs to improve the general health of nurses.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the inhibition/activation behavioral systems, positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies and cognitive failures in patients with schizophrenia disorder, depression disorder and normal individuals.Methods: The method was a descriptive and causal-comparative study and the statistical population included all male patients (n=65) with schizophrenia and depression in Isar and Fatemi Hospitals in Ardabil city in 2016. Thirty schizophrenic patients and 30 depressed patients were sampled by the census method and were compared with 30 normal subjects. Data were collected using the Carver and White’s behavioral inhibition and activation questionnaire (BIS/BAS), Garnefski’s cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ) and cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ). Then, the data were analyzed using chi-square, multivariate analysis of variance and LSD by the SPSS18 software.Results: The results showed that normal subjects had more sensitivity than depressed and schizophrenic patients in a behavioral activation system and also both depressed and schizophrenic patients had more sensitivity than normal people in a behavioral inhibition system (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was found between depressed and schizophrenic patients in a behavioral activation system and behavioral inhibition system sensitivity (P>0.05). In the emotion regulation strategy, normal people used adaptive emotion regulation, and depressed and schizophrenic patients used maladaptive emotion regulation styles. Finally, schizophrenia patients had cognitive failures more than depressed patients, and depressed patients had deficits more than normal people (P<0.05).Conclusions: These findings show that brain/behavioral systems, emotion regulation and cognitive failures play an important role in pathology of schizophrenia and depression disorders and can be an important therapeutic target in the treatment and rehabilitation.

Introduction: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders among children. Three to five percent of children suffer from this disorder. The behavioral problems of children with ADHD affect the sense of competence of mothers. Sense of competence is an important factor to perceive the parent role and satisfaction of parent role to support the child and establishing good order and discipline. The present study aimed to examine the effect of education on sense of competence of the mothers of the children with ADHD.Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted in Tehran in 2015. The study population was 100 literate mothers of children with ADHD. The mean age of the children was 7-11 years. The study methodology is convenience and random sampling method of clinical centers. Then, using the random method, it was shown which center was control and which center was experimental group. Children were selected from two educational medical centers of Tehran Psychiatric Institute (experimental group, n = 50) and Ali Asghar Medical Center (control group, n = 50). Data were collected using demographic questionnaire and the questionnaire of Parenting Sense of Competence. This program was held during 8 sessions (60 min, one session per week) for the experiment groups (groups of 5-12 mothers). The control groups received no intervention. Three months after the completion of the questionnaires, pre-test, and post-test were performed for the control groups. One month after the last session, post-test was performed by the completion of questionnaires in the experiment groups. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software.Results: The mean values of sense of competence of mothers were compared before and after the intervention. The result of independent t-test showed that there was no significant difference between the score of sense of competence after the intervention in two groups. Thus, two groups are homogenous in terms of the sense of competence after the intervention (P = 0.256). There was no significant difference in other items.Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the sense of competence of mothers after the intervention and this sense can be affected by different factors Also, short-term training cannot have a significant effect on it. Further studies are suggested to perform regarding the sense of competence and the effect of other educational approaches on this sense.

Introduction: Frequent relapse and hospitalization of schizophrenic patients could impose large financial burdens on families and healthcare systems. This study aimed at tracking the nine-month effect of psychoeducation based on the Atkinson-Coia model on the recurrence and severity of the symptoms of schizophrenia.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 100 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia, during year 2016 in the city of Qazvin. The patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups (50 patients per group). In the experimental group, family training, attended by the primary caregiver, was held in 8 sessions. In order to evaluate the relapse and severity of the symptoms, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used. For data analysis, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Chi-square, paired t test, and independent t test were performed, using SPSS version 23.Results: The greatest impact in reducing the severity of symptoms in the test group occurred during the fifth month, so on average, the symptoms were reduced by 8.16 points and this relationship was significant (P = 0.001). In the sixth month, the severity of symptoms in the test (experimental) group, compared to a month earlier was increased by one point, on average, while, up to the eighth month, the severity of symptoms was almost constant and increased by 36 points in the ninth month. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between psycho-education and relapse of schizophrenia, except for the first month.Conclusions: According to the nine-month follow-up trend, psychoeducation could effectively reducing the severity of symptoms and recurrence of schizophrenia. According to the findings of this study, it is better to repeat the training every six months.

Introduction: Psychological distress and lack of medication adherence is an important problem in patients with coronary artery disease. The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on psychological distress and medication adherence of patients with coronary artery disease in Isfahan.Methods: The research design was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test, control group, and a 1-month follow-up. For this purpose, among patients with coronary artery disease, who were referred to cardiovascular clinics of Isfahan in the first 6 months of 2015, 2 clinics were selected and 30 patients were selected by available sampling and distributed in 2 groups of experiment and control, randomly (15 individuals in each group). Participants completed psychological distress and medication adherence scale before and after the intervention and one month later, during follow up. The experimental group participated in 8 sessions (90-minute each) of acceptance and commitment therapy (Hayes, 2010), yet no intervention was carried out for the control group.Results: Repeated measures analysis showed a significant difference between the 2 groups in psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress) and medication adherence (P < 0.05).Conclusions: According to the results, using acceptance and commitment therapy is useful to improve psychological distress and medication adherence of coronary artery disease patients in Isfahan.

Introduction: Perception of god is a major and fundamental basis for formation of relationships between people and social community. In fact, a more conversant and deeper perception of god could enhance one’s quality of daily interactions and behavior. The aim of this study was to determine the dimensions of perception of God on hemodialysis patients of Qazvin city.Methods: The current study employed an analytic-descriptive method on 100 hemodialysis patients visiting Avicenna Healthcare Training Center. Samples were selected randomly. For gathering information about perception of god, Lawrence’s questionnaire of perception of god was employed. Analyzing the data was conducted via IBM SPSS Statistics v. 22 and its descriptive tools.Results: Findings from the current study indicated that among subscales of perception of god, “providence” with a mean and standard deviation of 33.6±3.2 was at the highest level and “influence” with a mean and standard deviation of 31.2±34 was at the lowest level. Moreover, the ratings of perception of god in female samples, with a mean and standard deviation of 195.6±10.3, was higher than male counterparts.Conclusions: According to the findings derived from this study and sexual differences, with holding training courses on topics like familiarization with concept of perception of god and its subconscious effects on daily life interactions, self-care capacity, and quality of life in hemodialysis patients could be improved.

Introduction: In the psychiatric wards, numerous and diverse safety events occur for patients, leading to adverse physical and psychological consequences. The present study aimed at investigating nurses’ experience of patient safety in these wards.Methods: This was a qualitative research based on conventional content analysis and inductive method. Thus, 19 nurses were selected from Razi psychiatric center, Shafa, and Atieh center using purposive sampling. Data were collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews.Results: According to continuous analysis and comparison of data, nurses’ perceptions of patient safety were identified and they included a theme of ‘‘inconvenient patients-potential risk creators’’ and three categories: patient high-risk behaviors, unsafe space, and unwanted risks. Each category had several different sub-categories.Conclusions: Given the nature of mental illness and taking into account the role of patients in safety events, care for patient safety in psychiatric wards is a diverse and multi-faceted topic. Applying an appropriate and adequate number of nursing staff, creating knowledge and readiness for nurses, and using appropriate facilities for improving patient safety in these wards is essential.

Introduction: Besides traditional methods of pharmacotherapy, the effectiveness of the third wave of cognitive and behavioral approaches, especially in the field of depression, has been the subject of considerable debate in the recent years. Thus, this study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment group therapy (ACT) and pharmacotherapy on the improvement of patients with major depressive disorder.Methods: This study was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and a control group and two experimental groups. The statistical population consisted of all patients on maintenance therapy with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder at welfare centers of Shahrekord city (Chaharmahal-o-Bakhtiari Province, Iran) in 2015. Forty-five patients were selected using the convenient sampling method and randomly allocated into three groups of ACT therapy, pharmacotherapy, and a control group. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used for data collection and the data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and the Scheffe tests by the SPSS software.Results: The mean scores of the post-test for the ACT therapy, pharmacotherapy, and the control group were 12.40, 23.13, and 36.27, respectively. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the two experimental groups (ACT therapy, and pharmacotherapy) and that of the control group (F = 110.33, P < 0.001). Also, both treatments had a significant effect on reducing the symptoms of the major depressive disorder, although the ACT therapy was more effective than the pharmacotherapy.Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, the ACT therapy can be suggested as an effective method and as a beneficial clinical intervention, along with pharmacotherapy, to improve depression.