Journal of Iranian Regional Languages and Literature
Year:2020 | Volume:5 (New) | Issue:4 (26)|Papers Count:6

Oral and folk literature is a good platform for understanding the customs of each region. In most parts of our land, there are many local songs. One of these types of songs is poems about marriage rituals which are popular among people and are sung in different cities. Among these poems, various customs and rituals of the people can be found out. In Jahrom city of Fars province, most of the local poems are dedicated to songs about wedding and marriage. The purpose of this field and library research is to express the characteristics of the wedding poems and to classify them in terms of contents and matters. The findings of this study show that wedding poems in Jahrom city can be divided into two main parts: (A) Poems describing the bride and groom,(b) Poems that illustrate the customs and habits of the people of this city with various parts, such as banquets, taking furniture, bathing, and bridegroom dressing, the bride's farewell, and preparing the bride and groom's room.

Before the advent of Zoroastrians, the Iranians believed in two groups of gods (Ahuras and demons). The publication of Zoroastrian’, s doctrines is the cause of the sanctification of demons in Iran. Folk legends are an important treasure for identifying cultural characteristics and finding how many beliefs and attitudes develop in societies. The purpose of the present study is to answer the question whether the collected folk legends from Khorasan of Iran and its partner countries Afghanistan and Tajikistan can show the evolution of Iranian society's attitude towards demons? In some folk legends, demons have a moral character,for example, they have a grateful personality, help the protagonist, they are good and kind, and they do specialized work. In some folk tales, human being oppresses the demons and even kills them for no reason, while the demons refuse to kill anyone. In many stories, by the influence of religion, negative role has been attributed to the demons, but the stories in which the demons play a positive role show the triumph of the worship of demons over the teachings of Zoroastrians.

The rich literature of this land is bound up with history and culture, and local and native games as a part of the culture of the community have interwoven with this valuable literature which has inherited this treasure in the literary genre and it is recorded for their land. On the other hand, popular culture can be the source of great works of art and literature, just as the foundation of the largest and most enduring work of art by Muhammad Hussein Shahriar. He, because of his childhood in the pristine nature of the village of Khshenbab, has placed the local games of Azerbaijan which he had enjoyed as a child in his Turkish poetry. The present article analyzes and reviews 9 games of Azerbaijani play based on the poet's sayings by descriptive-analytical method regarding the library studies and oral research among the people. Accuracy in these exciting games created by the demands of life in nature and tribal culture shows that all of these games are tailored to be simple, group-based according to the culture of the countryside, often following the styles of simple people's lives and being influenced by nature. They did not need any special tools, or their used tools were part of the nature.

One of the places of articulation which most languages do not tend to produce consonant is the position of uvular. In some of the limited languages which have consonants in this place, they only have a stop consonant. In Persian, most grammarians and linguists agree to Standard Persian in which there is only one uvular stop. This uvular stop phoneme is a voiced uvular stop consonant has produced different allophones in different context. Nevertheless, this situation in standard Persian of some of the Persian dialects seems there are two uvular consonants. The present study tries to assess this important issue by studying the acoustic characteristics of this uvular stop consonant in Neyriz dialect. The data available in this research is dialogue speech which has been analyzed using the PRAAT software. The present study shows that in this dialect, there are two phonemes /G/ and /q/ which have been noticed in some periods of Persian language development.

During the Mashroteh era and thereafter, many poets in the land of Bakhtiari have participated in the field of poetry and literature, many of them have mastered Persian language and literature and they have written works in the Persian dialect and they have also presented the works in the Bakhtiari dialect. Meanwhile, a number of Bakhtiari poets have particularly devoted their poems to the Bakhtiari dialect. One of the most prominent forerunners of Bakhtiari poetry in this era is Molla Zolfali Bakhtiari, whose work marks the beginning of a major revolution in contemporary Bakhtiari dialectic poetry. Molla Zolfali Bakhtiari is one of the pioneers of Bakhtiari dialect poetry before DarabAfsar. His poems in the original words of Bakhtiari indicate he was proficient in the Bakhtiari dialect. Molla Zolfali has two important works and some scattered poems-"Mearajnameh" and "Hadith of Kasa" which show the poet's authority and ability in the Bakhtiari dialect. He has written "Mearajnameh" in ascension of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and in favor of Bakhtiari’, s Lore people and "Hadith of Kasa" in praise and greatness of the Prophet's family and Imams. Considering Molla's important role in writing poetry (Bakhtiari) and showing his position in this field, this article introduces the poet and it deals with the poet's opinions and his major thoughts on poetry. This research is descriptive-analytical and it is based on library resources.

The dialect of Ardakan in Fars is one of the western-south dialects of Iran spoken in some of parts of Sepidan and especially in its center, Ardakan, in Fars province. This study examines the verb system of this dialect precisely by analyzing the data gathered through questionnaires and interviews with informants who are above 35 years old. In this research, topics such as infinitives, verb stems, verb endings, different tenses, moods, causative verbs, and passive voice are analyzed. In order to show how this dialect keeps the ergative structure, transitive and intransitive verbs in simple past, present perfect, past imperfective, past continuous, past perfect, and past subjunctive tenses and the use of them in sentences are compared. Then, different moods in this dialect such as indicative, subjunctive, and imperative moods are studied. At the end, it is analyzed the way causative verbs and passive voice are made.