Research in Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences
Year:2012 | Volume:2 | Issue:1 (2)|Papers Count:7

The aim of this research was to determine the psychometric properties of Novaco Anger Questionnaire (short form) in Isfahan city. In this research 100 university students were selected through simple random sampling. And answered the Novaco Anger Questionnaire. To obtain the questionnaire validity, the correlation between scores of Novaco Questionnaire and Buss and Perry Questionnaire, was obtained. For reliability, test-retest method and Chronbach Alpha were used.Findings indicated that, reliability of the questionnaire by Chronbach alpha was 0.86 and by test-retest was 0.73.The correlation between Buss and Berry and Novaco scores was 0.78. Test content validity was confirmed by 5 psychologist, counselors, and sociologists and verified by factor analysis. It was concluded that Novaco Anger Questionnaire can be used for assessing anger.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between adolescents’ extraversion-introversion and information processing of schematic happy and angry emotional faces.51 male and female students (11-15 years of age) including 24 extroverted and 27 introverted were selected as the sample based on their scores in extraversion-introversion dimension of Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (JEPQ).After a semi-structured clinical interview a computerized pictorial version of the modified dot-probe task was carried out on them. Data were analyzed by regression analysis and t test. The results indicated that extraversion-introversion is a predictor of attentional bias to happy emotional faces so that with increasing extroversion in adolescents their attentional vigilance to happy faces will also increase (p<.05). The findings show that personality may systematically influence the way people perceive facial expressions of other people and the extroversion trait is associated with pleasant emotional information processing.

The aim of this research was to examine the relationship between hearing and deaf students’ temperament and their perception of their fathers’ acceptance and rejection and aggressive behaviors.60 deaf students (30 girls and 30 boys) and 100 hearing students (50 girls and 50 boys) from the first, second, and third grades of two formal and two special junior high schools were selected by simple random sampling. Buss and Warren Aggression Questionnaire, Child Acceptance- Rejection Questionnaire, and Middle Childhood Temperament Questionnaire were used. At first the relation between temperamental traits and aggression was investigated. Findings showed that from among the seven factors of temperament, four factors (approach, intensity, distractibility and activity) were predictors of aggression (verbal aggression, anger, and hostility) in hearing students independent of their perceptions of their fathers’ acceptance – rejection (p<.01). Finally the interaction between students’ perception of their fathers’ acceptance –rejection and students’ temperamental traits in predicting aggression was investigated. The interaction between deaf students’ distractibility and their perception of their fathers’ acceptance-rejection predicted was significant and hostility and indirect aggression. In general, the results of this study indicated that in hearing students difficult temperamental traits both in relation and independent of students’ perception of fathers’ acceptance- rejection predict aggression. But, in deaf students’ temperamental traits, only perception of fathers’ acceptance- rejection predict aggression.

In this research the effectiveness of group logo - therapy on loneliness in retired men of the retirement center of Mamasani was investigated. The subjects were all the retired men who were registered as the members of this center. The sample included 40 persons who were randomly selected from among the volunteers whose scores were one standard deviation lower than the mean.They were divided into two groups: The control group and the experimental group. The instrument which was used in this study was the Revised Loneliness Scale (UCLA). The research design was an experimental design which had a pretest, post test and follow up with a control group. After random assignment of the subjects to the control and experimental groups, the experimental treatment (group logo - therapy) was conducted for ten sessions (each session ninety minutes and once a week). After treatment post tests were given to both groups. In order to analyze the data the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used. The results showed that logo therapy decreased loneliness of the experimental group in comparison to the control group (P<.05)

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship of religious orientation (intrinsic, extrinsic) and gender with death anxiety among university students. The sample consisted of 400 university students (200 mal, 200 female), who were randomly selected. All 400 participants filled out All port’s Religious Orientation Scale and Death Anxiety Scale. The gathered data were analyzed through two-way analysis of variance.The results showed that there was a significant relationship between gender and death anxiety (p<01). Also, a two-way analysis of variance showed no interaction effect between religious orientation and gender on death anxiety. But, the main effects of religious orientation on death anxiety were significant (p<0.001), the individuals with intrinsic religious orientation significantly reported lower levels of death anxiety than individuals with extrinsic religious orientation and death anxiety in the females was higher than in the males. Internal religious orientation seems to decrease death anxiety and is an important factor in mental health.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of typographic parameters like interline spacing, font size and word shape on recall of electronic educational content and reading rate on VDTs. A total of 70 undergraduate students were randomly selected and divided into two groups. In experiment 1, one group read one chapter of an e-book with interline spacing of 1.5, and the other group read the same chapter with the interline spacing of 2.0. The reading time was recorded and the participants completed pre and post tests. Experiment 2 was conducted as the experiment 1, with Tahoma Persian 10, and Tahoma Persian 12. Experiment 3 was conducted as the experiment 1, with Tahoma Persian (sans serif), and with Times New Roman Persian (serif). The differences between the means of the test scores, and the means of reading speeds in three experiments were not statistically significant. Developers of the educational content can change the mentioned typographical parameters in the above range without observing any detrimental effect on recall and reading speed.

Abbreviated self-efficacy form of Personal Globe Inventory is a shorter measure that is based on the most comprehensive model of career self-efficacy, and can be very useful for use in research and interventions of career counseling. In order to standardize and determine its reliability and validity, 320 university students of University of Isfahan (137male, 183female) were randomly selected and responded to activity preference form and abbreviated self-efficacy form of Personal Globe Inventory.Alpha coefficients showed good internal consistency of 0.8 in its subscales and test-retest coefficients showed good reliability in all its subscales (min=0.71, max=0.87). In relation to vocational interest, all subscales showed good convergent construct and predictive criteria validity. Randomization test supported the structural validity for this measure (CI>0.55, sig=0.02 for Holland’s Model and CI>0.50, sig<0.001 for Tracey’s Model). Normative table of standard T scores was presented. In general, results supported the efficacy of this measure and the validity of Holland’s 6-type, Tracey 8-type, and spherical models in assessment of career self-efficacy. Other findings were discussed.