JOURNAL OF WOMAN AND FAMILY STUDIES
Year:2019 | Volume:7 | Issue:1 (13) |Papers Count:10

The purpose of the current study was to predict marital instability based on the variables of emotional and spiritual intelligence. The research method was descriptive correlational and the statistical population consisted of married female kindergarten trainers in District 3 of Tehran where 93 persons were selected by convenient sampling method. In order to measure the variables of the research, Bar-on Emotional intelligence questionnaire, King Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (2008); and Edwards et al. (1987), marital instability indices were used. Pearson correlation and regression analysis were used to analyze the data using SPSS software. The findings of the research showed that there is a significant and inverse relationship between dimensions of emotional intelligence and marital instability, and there is a significant and inverse relationship between the dimensions of spiritual intelligence and marital instability (p <0. 05). Also, the results of regression analysis showed that emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence can predict marital instability significantly (p <0. 05). The findings of this research support the importance of emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence variables in predicting marital instability.

Dress as a natural and universal phenomenon, although in the pre-modern period was not a social concern, has undergone many changes in the postmodern period and has become a social problem. Accordingly, the sociological study of university student dress is the main purpose of this research. The theoretical framework of this research is based on the theories of Giddens, Goffman and Veblen, and the theories of social pathology. The statistical population of this research consists of students from different universities of Dehloran city with a population of 2524. The sample size is 320. The method of random sampling was used and the correlation test, regression analysis and path analysis were used to test the hypothesis. Findings show that there is a significant relationship between the independent variables including internal values, religious beliefs, media, relationship disruption in family, social commitment, reference groups and girls’ dress (dependent variable). Also, there was no significant relationship between socio-economic variables and education level with girls’ dress. In regression analysis, variables of religious beliefs (0. 26%), social control (0. 21%) and media (0. 18%) had the highest effect coefficient of standardized regression on dependent variables, respectively. In the path analysis, variables such as religious beliefs and social control had direct and indirect effects, and the variance of relationship disruption in the family had only indirect effects.

The current study was conducted with the aim of exploring the role of selfemotional support and self-determination to predict marital relationship in marital conflicts of married women. The research method was descriptive and correlational. For this purpose, 150 married women from Qods city were selected through convenient sampling and voluntar participation. They completed a revised form of Marital Conflict Questionnaire, family scale of Social Support Questionnaire, and the scale of Satisfaction of Essential Needs in Relationships. Data were analyzed using correlation and regression test by SPSS. V. 20 software. The results showed a significant correlation between family emotional support and self-determination in marital relationship with marital conflicts. Also, the results showed family emotional support, autonomy, competence and communication (the dimensions of self-determination) can predict 34% of variance of marital conflicts in married women. Strengthening spouse support for women and satisfying the needs of self-determination in couples can provide a condition for positive interactions and reduce marital conflict.

Implications of the current Iranian society requires informed, active, and hardworking women who with their presence in various arenas can become eligible petitioners to claim their rights and actively display citizenship with knowledge, rational commitment, civil behavior, participation, and sense of national belonging and identity. Meanwhile, factors such as social capital and lifestyle can influence the nature and type of social demands of women, and recognition of this relationship is significant both in theory and practice. According to this necessity, the present study reviewed the social demands of women within three economic, legal and cultural approaches by conducting surveys among 386 women aged 20-55 in Qazvin city. The findings showed that the level of social capital among the studied women is low and the dominant lifestyle among them is modern. Meanwhile, demands within the economic approach were most prevalent and demands within the legal approach were the least prevalent among women. While social capital is more influential on women's social demands than lifestyle, these two variables have been able to explain 14. 5% of the variance of women's social demands.

The proper functioning of family is an influential factor in the flourishing and progress of family members which ultimately results in the growth of society. Family educational interventions in all fields, especially in the field of performance, promote the mental, social and moral health of its members. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching the indigenous model of happiness-based family on the function of family by using the semi-experimental pre-test post-test design with a control group (waiting list group) and a three-month follow-up. Among married volunteer teachers of Qom province, 30 teachers were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control group (waiting list group). The experimental group was then trained for nine ninety minute sessions in nine consecutive weeks under a training of the indigenous model of happiness-oriented family. In order to gather the research data, the Oxford Happiness Inventory (HOI), Family Assessment Device (FAD) and Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL90) were used. The results of mixed method MANOVA analysis with repeated measurements showed a significant difference between the mean scores of the pre-test and post-test of the experimental group and the waiting group (control group). Also scores in the follow-up phase had a relative stability that indicated the effectiveness of the mentioned intervention program. Based on this, it is concluded that the training program based on the indigenous model of happiness-based family may be used to make progress in the family's positive performance.

Emotional divorce is a hidden phenomenon in the lives of couples, which can lead to disastrous consequences for the family. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore some external factors affecting emotional divorce in Iranian women. For this purpose, 120 women, who were referred to Hamedan Counseling Centers for marital conflicts, were selected through accessible sampling method. The women also responded to a researcher-made questionnaire on emotional divorce and the effective factors related to it. Data were analyzed by hierarchical regression analysis. The reliability of the questionnaire used in the research was calculated to 0. 95 using Cronbach's alpha. Results showed that prevalence of divorce as a social factor has positive effect on Emotional divorce. Also, tediousness of life and effort for having equal rights, respectively, have positive and negative effect on Emotional divorce. The findings also indicated positive effect of family level differences on emotional divorce. From the results of this study, it may be inferred that, in recent years, because of the pervasiveness of divorce among young people, a family epidemic fragmentation has caused instability and a divide in the emotional bonds between couples. On the one hand, consumption, formalities and luxury trends among families has led to differences between the rich and poor families and these differences have been manifested as one of the factors of separation between men and women.

The purpose of this study was to test the model of health in the main family and the marital satisfaction with the mediation of lovemaking styles. The method of research was correlational. The population were all women married with marital problems who were referred to counseling centers in Isfahan in winter 1395. Three hundred women were selected through multistage random sampling. The instruments were the health of main family questionnaire (1985), triangular inventory of love Sterenberg (1986), marital satisfaction questionnaire ENRICH (1989). Data analysis was conducted by Structural Equation Modeling using the software AMOS / 16. Results showed that the direct effect of health of main family and lovemaking styles on marital satisfaction was significant. Also, lovemaking styles (desire, commitment, intimacy) had the role of mediator in the relationship between health of main family and the marital satisfaction. So, given the significant role of health of main family and lovemaking styles in marital satisfaction, it is suggested that therapists explore the health of main family and lovemaking styles in the survey and treatment of marital problems.

The aim of this research was to compare durable vulnerables. That is, the relationship beliefs of couples; original family function; and neuroticism in divorce among men and women. The statistical population of this study were all men and women divorce applicants in Ardabil. For this reason, in a crosssectional and retrospective study, 200 men and women were selected (100 men and 100 women). The instruments used were Neuroticism Subscale of NEO-FFI, Family of Origin Scale (FOS) and Relationship Beliefs Inventory (RBI). Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. The findings show that in the men's group, the pathway of original family function with relationship beliefs (β =-0. 21), pathway of the original family with neuroticism (β =-0. 29) and neuroticism with relationship beliefs (0. 32) = β ) are significant. In the female group, the pathway of the original family with neuroticism (β =-0. 24) and neuroticism with relationship beliefs (β = 0. 29) are significant. Also, the results of the bootstrap test indicate that in both groups, neuroticism has a mediocre role between the original family function and the couples' relationship beliefs. Based on the findings of this research, it may be concluded that the hypothesized model has good fitness in both groups and the original family function and neuroticism are important determinants of couples' relationship beliefs.

The purpose of this research is to study the social capital of housewives living in an informal residence (Shahid Ghorbani neighborhood located in the District 4 of Mashhad). The survey population consisted of housewives living in this neighborhood of which 300 were selected as the research sample using cluster sampling method. Cognitive and structural dimensions of social capital were measured. The cognitive dimension includes interpersonal trust or trust in familiar individuals, social or generalized trust that is trusting strangers, and finally civil trust or trusting public organizations and agencies. The structural dimension involves women's formal and informal participation and their social relationship network (frequency, mode, and intensity). The results suggest that the status of women's trust in the three types of interpersonal, generalized and institutional trust is not considerable. Comparison participation in public and private spheres suggests that more than two thirds of women significantly participate in the public realm, while the majority of respondents have experienced private participation to a small extent. Women suffer a weak social relationship network and, respectively, interpersonal trust and informal participation are the most important variables explaining the women's social relations.

The present study considers the social genealogy of body among Iranian women. In this regard, efforts have been made with an emphasis on genealogical methods of Foucault. New developments in the field of manipulating the body and the appearance of the layout from past to present, highlights the need for such a study. In the field of culture, a search of historical sources, as well as in new research, we see footprints of signs and symbols in which, the human being, from ancient times until present, has created for him/herself ways to convey meaning and exchange messages with different practices and mechanisms, through his/her body. This analysis shows that the bodies of women, have historically been influenced by discourses and powers in the context of social, cultural, political and religious contexts, and have been read and manipulated in this regard. There are changes in the realm of meanings and symbols of the body. In this study, we have tried to explore the manipulation of the body in three different historical periods (Imperial, Constitutional, Modernity), and in this regard, the focus is on the discovery of the body discourses, power analysis, strength analysis and accident analysis in Foucault's methodology. The results show that women's bodies in the discourse of the imperial and in the modern era, is interpreted around the central slab of discipline and change. This is while, in religious discourse, the body, under the affection of religion, has been moved toward twin thoughts and pluralism; and during the reform era, it has moved more to the side of consumerism, individuality, and tends towards plastic surgery.