JOURNAL OF WOMAN AND FAMILY STUDIES
Year:2019 | Volume:6 | Issue:2 (12) |Papers Count:10

The aim of the present study was to examine the structural model of the relationship between child maltreatment, interpersonal skills, and features of borderline personality in the women population. Plan of the current research was correlation and based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population consisted of all age 20-40 women living in Najafabad, Isfahan of whom 400 women were selected through voluntary sampling. Applied tools were Child abuse and Neglect Questionnaire, Interpersonal Skills Test, and Borderline Personality Scale. To analyze the data, path analysis was used. Results of the fitness indexes confirmed the theoretical causal model of the study and indicated that in addition to a direct relation between child abuse experiences and neglect, and features of borderline personality, there was an indirect relationship between these two variables through interpersonal skills (P≤ 0/01). These findings suggest that through the disturbing of interpersonal skills, child maltreatment can increase the vulnerability of women to develop borderline personality traits. Thus, interpersonal skills training can be considered as an effective intervention to improve life quality of this clinical population.

Giddens explains recent changes in the field of intimate relations as a process of transformation of intimacy into pure relationships and considers it a global process; an interpretation taken into account in many analyses of marital relationships in Iran, and some researchers in this area have spoken of the transformation of marital relationships into pure relationships. Accordingly, in the present article, which is based on the findings of a survey study with a sample size of 482 people in Tehran, we seek to answer the question “ Given the reality of marital relationships in today's society in Iran, can we defend the hypothesis of the formation of Giddensian pure relationships in this society? ” For this purpose, in the present article we create a conceptual model of the different aspects of pure relationships as intended by Giddens, composed of the five main indicators "marital roles", "marital logic", "marital trust", "marital stability" and "marital significance", and exposed the model to respondent’ s votes via the said survey. The results of this study indicate that the Giddensian pure relationship with an average percentage of nearly 32% (versus the traditional relationship with an average percentage of more than 68%) does not provide a satisfactory explanation for the status of marital relationships in our society. Considering the imbalance of the scores obtained for the different aspects of marital relations in the sample, we can acknowledge that the main characteristic of this society regarding marriage should be summarized in unbalanced marital attitudes.

During the process of legislation changes regarding work demands of the wife, the conditions for demanding adequate payment as well as the possibility of its aggregation or disaggregation with other financial rights of the wife which in particular arise during divorce (monthly allowance, the condition of halving of assets and Nehle), has been controversial. Especially taking into account the latest legal developments related to this issue (reverting adequate payment of the wife's activities to the principle of conversion, abrogation of the single article of divorce regulatory reform, and the retaining of paragraph (b) of its 6th Note, and no abrogation of the Family Protection Law of 1974), the need for new and independent research in this area becomes apparent. The present study was carried out with descriptive-analytic method and using library data. In this study, in addition to reviewing the new conditions of adequate payment and the difficulty in its calculation, it has become clear that, despite the abrogation of the Single Article, the right to adequate payment and Nehle are not mutually compatible according to the survival of paragraph (b) and the philosophy of its status, but about the condition of halving of asset, considering its distinct nature and its different basis from the right of adequate payment as well as the abrogation of mentioned single act (despite the survival of paragraph (b) of its 6th Note), it is possible to aggregate these two rights. In the case of the monthly allowance, the viewpoint on its disabrogation is yet tenable in the legal perspective.

The age of marriage can be examined from two viewpoints. On the one hand, the issue is the minimum age for marriage and on the other hand, the increase in the age of marriage. The present study aims to investigate the causes of increase in the age of marriage from the perspective of single young women using a sociological approach and to analyze their views. The research process is qualitative content analysis and is a ground-based analysis, based on the respondents' responses. The sample population is students at Tehran state universities in different educational levels which is stopped by reaching the theoretical saturation. The credibility of the findings is obtained through the receipt of comments from some respondents and their approval. The results show that participants divide single life into "damaging" and "enjoyable" types. The reasons for delaying single women can be limited to the two main concepts of "inner occasion" and "external occasion". Respondents consider "simplicity in marriage, the power of mutual understanding in marriage, the courage to practice marriage, the ability to manage independent living, family support and not family interference, and marital intercourse and cultural integration" as being effective in well-timed marriage. Few studies acknowledge the importance of the individual, along with the importance of macro factors as does the present study and consider the phenomenon of delaying of the age of marriage not a matter of personal conduct, but as a social affair.

Study of the issue of divorce and factors affecting this subject are of those issues that have drawn the intellectual community and especially sociologists’ attention into this field in recent decades. There are few social phenomena as complicated as divorce. Divorce has an increasing impact on different aspects of human life. In this paper, 19 studies conducted on divorce over a time span of 15 years during 2002 to 2016 are Meta-analyzed by using systematic review method. This paper is divided into two main parts. In the first part, the methodology, content and structure of the studies are investigated. In the second part, the most significant causes of divorce and its solutions are considered. On a theoretical level, the results show that the studies mostly use micro-theories such as exchange and homogamy. Furthermore, in regards to factors affecting divorce, social factors such as interference of relatives and acquaintances, addiction, value incompatibilities, lack of mutual understanding and economic factors including unemployment and subsistence are statistically more prominent. The proposed solutions are classified into four categories; Socio-cultural institutions, educational institutions, economical and supportive institutions and legislature and regulatory institutions. Most solutions were devoted to the educational and domestic aspects. Decreasing the rate of divorce could be achieved by increasing the skill and knowledge of communication between men and women, detailed and expert elucidation of psychological, social, cultural and economic consequences of this social phenomenon to prevent rushed decision-making, and reducing patriarchy.

The present study was done with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of schema-based couple therapy and couple therapy based on acceptance and commitment on family resiliences of couples. The study was experimental, with three group pre-test-post-test. The statistical population was conflicting couples referred to counseling centers, of which 120 couples were randomly selected and after the primary screening exam, 48 couple with the least level of family resilience were chosen and randomly assigned into three groups (two experimental groups and one control group). The research instrument was Sixbey questionnaire on family resiliency and data was analyzed by analysis of covariance. The results showed that couple therapy based on schema therapy (p<0. 05) and couples therapy based on acceptance and commitment (p<0. 05) significantly increased the family resilience of couples. Also, in comparing the effectiveness of schema-based couple therapy and couples therapy based on acceptance and commitment, couple therapy based on schema therapy was more effective than couples therapy based on acceptance and commitment in family resilience of couples (p<0. 05). Generally, the results showed that both couple therapies are effective on family resilience, although showing schema-based couple therapy as being more effective.

Nowadays, with the spread of information technology in the world and its rapid entry into everyday life, new issues and new necessities such as online shopping have been created. In this regard, the present study in view of the role of women as one of the main decision makers regarding purchases in the family seeks to present online shopping models in women. This study was carried out within the qualitative approach framework and using the research database (Strauss Corbin's approach). The data-gathering tool was a thorough interview. In order to collect the data, using a targeted sampling method, 15 women in Tehran who were knowledgeable in the field of online shopping were interviewed. Data analysis was performed in three stages: open coding, axial coding and selective coding using MAXQDA10 software. The results of this study led to the identification of 28 sub categories and 9 main categories which fit in a paradigm model including the intention to use online shopping as a central issue and the causal conditions (perception of the purchasing system and customer characteristics), underlying factors (aids and facilities), interventional conditions (success in purchasing, social acceptance and adoption), strategies (web properties and product mix and promotion) and outcomes (online shopping).

The purpose of the current study was to examine the effectiveness of spouse treating based compassion training on improving family relation, marital conflicts, forgiveness and intimacy among deaf and semi-deaf couples. It was a semi-experimental study, with pre-test, post-test and control groups. The experiment sample was 20 deaf or semi-deaf volunteer couples from Isfahan that were non-randomly placed in control and experimental groups (each group 10 couples). While the control group was in waiting list, the experimental group was receiving training packages in eight 120 minutes sessions. The measurements were family relations (Barons & Olson, 2004), marital conflicts questionnaire (MCQ-R), forgiveness scales (Thompson et al, 2005) and intimacy scales (Alexis J et al, 1983). Both groups were evaluated in pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistic (means and standard deviations) and inferential statistic (repeated measure variance). The results showed the training is effective on family relations, forgiveness and intimacy among couples (p<0. 01) but it is not effective on marital conflicts (p>0. 05). As the results show, the training is a proper method to improve family relations, forgiveness and intimacy among deaf couples.

The present study was done for sociological explanation of factors influential on women’ s identity conflict of Naghadeh city in 2017. The method of this study is survey correlation analysis and the population was 18-45 aged married and employed women of Naghadeh city in 2017 which were 3062 women of which 341 were chosen and studied through Cookerian formula in a random stratified way. The authors’ self-made questionnaire was used as the study’ s measurement tool. The obtained results of Pearson correlation and liner regression tests revealed that modernity and its indicators: modern socialization-modern identity elements-cultural resources and group behavior structure; also, globalization and its indexes: The Media Empire and modern living style were related to women’ s identity conflict. The results of multiple regression and path analysis showed that all the effective factors can predict 49% of women’ s identity conflict in which modern living style with = β 0/541 has the main role, media empire withβ = 0/44 and then modern socialization with β = 0/241, cultural resources withβ = 0/128, two modern identity elements with β = 0/096 and group behavior structure with β = 0/09 were the less effective indexes in explaining women’ s identity conflict.

The aim of the present study was investigating Self-compassion and religiosity as the preconditions for maintaining couples' relationships. The research method was descriptive correlational. The statistical population consisted of 420 mothers whose children were taking part in two centers of intellectual development of children and teenagers in the summer of 2016. A 200-person sample was selected randomly out of the 420 people using Cochran’ s formula. In this study, self-help questionnaire, religiosity and strategies for maintaining the relationship of couples were used as research tools. For data analysis, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regressions were used. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between self-compassion and religiosity with strategies for maintaining couples' relationships. Also, multivariate regression analysis showed that the subscales of self-kindness and mind-awareness of self-compassion and religiosity positively, and subscales self-judgment and isolation and outspokenness of their self-compassion variables negatively predicted strategies for maintaining relationships. Human coexistences were not able to predict the preservation of the relationship, and in total commonly predict 0/30 of the variance of relationships between the couples. According to the findings, it can be concluded that self-compassion and religiosity have an effect on promoting the strategies for maintaining couples' relationships.