Iran Journal of Nursing
Year:2022 | Volume:35 | Issue:138|Papers Count:8

ursing is an independent discipline and a branch of medical sciences. Its mission is to provide the necessary health, treatment and rehabilitation services at the highest level to ensure, maintain or improve the health of society. . . .

Background & Aims Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused many psychological and social problems in people around the world, especially nurses. The present study aims to investigate and compare post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), burnout, and psychological disorders in nurses with and without COVID-19. Materials & Methods This is a causal-comparative study. The study population includes all male and female nurses of non-government hospitals in Tehran from July to September 2021. Of these, 220 nurses (110 without COVID-19 infection and 110 with COVID-19) voluntarily participated in the study. The questionnaires were the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale. Finally, data analysis was performed using multivariate and univariate analysis of variance in SPSS software, version 16. Results There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of PTSD, burnout, and psychological disorders (P<0. 05). Nurses with COVID-19 had higher scores in PTSD (F=96. 38, P<0. 001), emotional exhaustion (P<0. 001, F=12. 45), depersonalization (F=15. 49, P<0. 001), depression (F=92. 97, P<0. 001), anxiety (F=37. 94, P<0. 001) and stress (F=47. 6, P<0. 001). The nurses with no COVID-19 had higher score in personal accomplishment. Conclusion Nurses who were infected with COVID-19 had lower psychological health compared to noninfected nurses. For this purpose, it is necessary to take measures to identify and provide psychological treatments to improve the mental health of vulnerable nurses.

Background & Aims The nurse’, s ability to make an effective clinical decision affects the quality of care and differentiates professional nurses from non-professional ones. Many individual and organizational factors affect clinical decision-making of nurses. This study aims to examine the relationship between participation in clinical decision-making and organizational culture of nurses in intensive care units (ICUs) of selected hospitals in Tehran, Iran Materials & Methods This is a descriptive-correlational study. Participants were 317 nurses working in the ICUs of hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences, who were selected with proportional stratified sampling and sequential sampling methods. The data collection tools were the clinical decisionmaking questionnaire of Kyalo (2008) and the organizational culture assessment instrument of Cameron and Quinn (1990). The obtained data was analyzed in SPSS statistical software, version16. Descriptive indices (Mean±, SD, frequency, percentage) were used to describe the data, and Pearson’, s correlation test, independent t-test, and chi-square test were used to examine the relationships between the study variables. Results Among nurses, 88. 5% were female, 86. 5% had a bachelor’, s level, and 39. 6% were working in the ICU general. Their mean age was 34. 65 years, and their mean nursing experience and the work experience in the ICU was 10. 38 and 7. 25 years, respectively. The mean score of clinical decision-making was 70. 16±, 11. 65, which was higher than the cutoff point (>54), indicating that the participation of nurses in clinical decision-making was high. The dominant organizational culture in the current situation was the market culture. In the preferred situation, the organizational dominant culture was the clan culture. Organizational culture in the current situation had no significant relationship with clinical decision-making (P=0. 13), but this relationship was significant in the preferred situation (P=0. 014). Clinical decision-making in nurses with clan culture was significantly higher than in those with market culture (P=0. 013). Conclusion The current organizational culture in the selected hospitals is different from their preferred organizational culture. Despite the significance of relationship between ICU nurses’,participation in clinical decision-making and organizational culture in the preferred situation, the relationship is weak. More studies are needed with a larger sample size. Considering that the clan culture is the preferred culture, planning is needed to establish the clan culture in the hospitals to increase the participation of ICU nurses in clinical decision-making.

Background & Aims Error is considered as a part of reality and an integral part of human life. Error reporting is defined as a strategic indicator for error prevention. Nursing managers use management measures and strategies to create an climate in the workplace that nurses increase the rate of reporting errors. The purpose of this study was to determine of the components of nursing errors reporting in selected hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2020. Materials & Methods This research is a descriptive study. The research population includes nurses working in selected hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The number of samples was determined using the cochran formula, 336 were determined. Samples were selected by relative stratified random sampling method in July 2020. The tools used in the present study include Made Questionnaire the components of nursing errors reporting. Content validity of both questionnaires was confirmed by content validity method based on the view of 10 faculty members in the field of nursing care and nursing management. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the components of nursing errors reporting questionnaire (0. 78) were measured. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and inferential tests such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Cramer's v and Mann-Whitney U using SPSS software, version 16. Results According to the results, the mean scores of nursing errors were 80. 3% and 32. 64% of nurses revealed errors after observing them. Despite the positive nurses’,attitudes toward nursing errors reporting, "fear" and "Managerial barriers" is the most prominent barrier contributing to underreporting. There were significant relationships between nursing errors reporting and hospital ward type, education, nursing error experience, errors reporting method and job experience(P˂, 0. 001). Conclusion Based on the results of the study, creating an anonymous, effective and efficient system for reporting and recording nursing errors, in order to prevent errors, is a necessity in nursing management. Managers have a systematic perspective to identify the factors affecting the occurrence of errors along with their positive reaction and supportive behaviors to the reported errors of nurses can create a culture of fearless learning at the department and organization level and overcome Barriers to reporting nursing errors.

Background & Aims It is essential to pay attention to the psychological complications after a heart attack in line with other physiological complications. The proximity of these patients to death has caused death anxiety, which can weaken their morale. This study aims to determine death anxiety and demoralization in patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to post-cardiac care units of the Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2021. Materials & Methods The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was performed on 206 patients with myocardial infarction admitted to the educational-medical centers of Iran University of Medical Sciences in the first half of 2021. Data collection tools included the demographic profile form, Templer death anxiety questionnaire, and Kissane demoralization. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 20 and Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t test, and analysis of variance. Results Most patients in the study were male, married, and self-employed with a mean age of 57. 97±, 12. 49 years. The mean score of death anxiety in patients with myocardial infarction was 6. 26±, 1. 62 (moderate). Most patients (43. 7%) had moderate death anxiety. The mean score of demoralization syndrome was 11. 88±, 5. 34 (severe). Most patients (60. 7%) had severe demoralization syndrome. Conclusion The death anxiety of patients after myocardial infarction was moderate and their demoralization syndrome was severe, therefore it is necessary to pay attention to them and recognize the factors affecting nurses working in intensive care units and recommend being included in the training of care for these patients.

Background & Aims Pregnancy is associated with physiological and psychological changes. Pregnancy in adolescence may affect the quality of life (QoL) of young women. This study aims to investigate the QoL of adolescent pregnant women in Arak, Iran. Materials & Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 217 adolescent pregnant women referred to comprehensive health centers in urban areas of Arak city in 2020 who were selected by a multi-stage sampling method. A demographic form and the QoL gravidarum questionnaire (QoL-GRAV) were used to collect information. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data and independent t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation test were used to examine the relationship between the study variables in SPSS software, version 22. Significance level was set at 0. 05. Results The mean age of participants was 17. 86±, 1. 42 years. Their mean total score of QoL was 1. 83±, 0. 56, which was higher than average. They had the highest score in the psychological health domain (Mean=2. 01) and the lowest score in the social functioning domain (Mean=1. 5). Mother's educational level, husband's educational level, economic status, and pregnancy status (unplanned/ planned) according to women and their husbands had a statistically significant relationship with the QoL. Conclusion The QoL of adolescent pregnant women in Arak is higher than the average. Those with higher educational level, those with husbands having higher educational level, those with better economic status, and those with planned pregnancy have better QoL.

Background & Aims Aging is associated with declined health. To maintain the health of the elderly, it is necessary to develop preventive health measures. Social well-being is an important dimension of health in the elderly. The present study aims to determine the effect of group reminiscence therapy on the social well-being of retired older men in Zahedan, Iran. Materials & Methods This is a quasi-experimental study that was conducted in 2018. Participants were 90 retired older men aged 60-75 years in Zahedan, Iran who were selected by a convenience method and were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Data collection tools were a demographic form and Keyes’,social well-being scale-short form. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS software, version 16. Results The Mean±, SD age was 68. 02±, 3. 46 in the intervention group and 68. 64±, 4. 60 years in the control group. The results of independent t-test showed that the mean score of social well-being after reminiscence intervention was significantly different between the two groups (P=0. 002). Conclusion Group reminiscence therapy has a positive effect on the social well-being of retired older men. Since the elderly are interested in sharing memories and considering that reminiscence therapy is an attractive, simple and cost-effective intervention, it can be used to improve their social well-being.

Background & Aims Heart failure is one of the important cardiovascular diseases, affecting 1% of people in their 50s and 10% of people in their 80s. People with heart failure, in addition to physical pain, often experience stress, anxiety, depression, and poor quality of life (QoL). Considering the importance of illness-related worries and spiritual intelligence (SI) in these people, this study aims to determine the relationship between SI and illness-related worries in people with heart failure in Mazandaran, Iran. Materials & Methods This is a descriptive-correlational study. Participants were 247 patients with heart failure admitted to Fatemeh Al-Zahra Hospital affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. To measure the variables, a demographic form, the spiritual intelligence scale of King & Decicco (2009), and the illness-related worries questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (No. [%], Mean±, SD) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation test, independent t-test) were used to analyze the data in SPSS software, version 16. Significance level was set at 0. 05. Results The mean total scores of SI and illness-related worries were 61. 20 ±, 16. 10 and 86. 70 ±, 19. 97, respectively. Pearson correlation test results showed a negative significant relationship between illness-related worries and SI (r=-0. 608, P=0. 001). Cognitive independence domain of illness-related worries was strongly correlated with all SI domains, including critical existential thinking, personal meaning production, transcendental awareness, and conscious state expansion. The SI had a significant relationship with gender (P=0. 001), marital status (P=0. 014), economic status (P=0. 002), employment status (P=0. 018), education status (P=0. 001), insurance coverage (P=0. 001). The illness-related worries had a significant relationship with gender (P=0. 001), history of diabetes (P=0. 04), marital status (P=0. 001), educational level (P=0. 044), and insurance coverage (P=0. 01). Conclusion To reduce the illness-related worries of people with heart failure, their SI should be improved using related interventions such as SI training programs.