SALAMAT-I IJTIMAI (Community Health)
Year:2023 | Volume:10 | Issue:1|Papers Count:5

Background and Objective: Life satisfaction is one of the most important factors of well-being and mental health, which positive psychology has paid special attention to in the last few decades. This study aimed to determine the relationship between psychological capital and communication patterns with the mediation of self-differentiation and interpersonal forgiveness with life satisfaction among married women of Tehran in 2021-2022. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-correlational and path analysis study was conducted with the participation of 798 married women in Tehran using cluster random sampling method. Data were collected using life satisfaction, psychological capital, communication patterns, individual differentiation and interpersonal forgiveness questionnaires and using Pearson correlation coefficient test and path analysis with SPSS-26 and Smart PLS software.-V2 were analyzed. Results: Psychological capitals (β, =0. 426, t=11. 43), communication patterns (β, =0. 147, t=4. 07), interpersonal forgiveness (β, =0. 09, t=2. 18), self-differentiation (β, =0. 192, t=5. 44) had a direct and significant effect on life satisfaction. Psychological capital (β, =0. 284, t=8. 26), communication patterns (β, =0. 379, t=12. 97) had a direct and significant effect on interpersonal forgiveness. Psychological capitals (β, =0. 159, t=4. 30) and communication patterns (β, =0. 194, t=5. 478) had a direct and significant effect on self-differentiation. Psychological capitals (β, =0. 026, t=2. 053) and communication patterns (β, =0. 35, t=2. 236) with the mediation of interpersonal forgiveness have an indirect and significant effect on life satisfaction. Psychological capitals (β, =-0. 035, t=3. 458) and communication patterns (β, =0. 037, t=4. 026) had an indirect effect on life satisfaction through the mediation of self-differentiation. Conclusion: The study showed that psychological capital, communication patterns, interpersonal forgiveness and self-differentiation had a direct and significant effect on life satisfaction. Psychological capital had a negative and significant indirect effect on life satisfaction through self-differentiation. Psychological capital had a positive and significant indirect effect on life satisfaction through interpersonal forgiveness. Communication patterns had a negative and significant indirect effect on life satisfaction due to self-differentiation. Communication patterns had a positive and significant indirect effect on life satisfaction through interpersonal forgiveness.

Background and Objective: One of the phenomena of adolescence is high-risk behaviors. Many biological, cognitive, social and family factors are the cause of high-risk behaviors. The aim of this study is to determine the structural relationships between family functioning and high-risk behaviors of adolescents with the mediating role of individual psychological factors. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study based on structural equation modeling was conducted with the participation of 900 second-year high school students of Qazvin province in 2021. The sampling method was cluster and random. The data were collected using the high-risk behavior scale of Iranian adolescents, the questionnaire of risk and protective factors. Data were analyzed using SPSS-20 and AMOS2-24 software, Pearson correlation coefficient tests and structural equation modeling. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient level by AMOS software and SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 22. 0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA). Results: The correlation coefficient of family functioning with the variable of individual psychological factors was 0. 65, with high-risk behaviors-0. 33. The coefficient of the direct path between family functioning with high-risk behaviors was negative and significant (P < 0. 001, β,=-0. 31),the direct path of family functioning with individual psychological factors was positive and significant (P<0. 001, β, =0. 73),Also, the direct path of individual psychological factors with high-risk behaviors was negative and significant (P<0. 001, β, =0. 53). The indirect path coefficient of family functioning with high-risk behaviors was negative and significant (P<0. 001, β, =0. 39). Finally, the total path coefficient (sum of direct and indirect path coefficients) between family functioning and high-risk behaviors was negative and significant (P<0. 001, β, =0. 70). The goodness of fit indices of the collected data showed that the model has a good fit. Conclusion: The study showed that family functioning explains the high-risk behaviors of adolescents with the mediating role of individual psychological factors. In other words, Poor family functions, along with psychological factors, become the basis for the formation of high-risk behaviors of teenagers.

Background and Objective: Patients with cardiovascular disease due to debilitating symptoms of the disease may lose their ability to adapt to the conditions of this disease and their life expectancy. The aim of this study was to aim at the effect of acceptance and commitment group therapy (ACT) on mental health of cardiac patients. Materials and Methods: The research method was semi-experimental and with the research design, the pretest was post-test with the control group. The statistical population of this study included all cardiac (coronary) patients 35-55 years old referred to health centers in Taybad city in May 2020 (130 patients). Among them, 30 patients were selected by available sampling method and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (n=15) and control group (n=15). The follow-up period was performed three months after the end of the post-test. Data were obtained using a mental health questionnaire in three periods of pretest, post-test and follow-up. The experimental group received acceptance and commitment therapy in eight 90-minute sessions, but the control group was placed on the waiting list. In line with inferentiotic analysis, repeatedly measuring variance analysis method was used which was performed by SPSS. 22 software. Results: The results showed that in the experimental group, the mean (SD) of physical problems decreased from 10. 6 (1. 9) in pretest to 7. 3 (2. 1) in post-test and 6. 5 (2. 4) in follow-up (P<0. 001). Also, in the experimental group, the mean (SD) of anxiety and sleep decreased from 14 (3. 1) in pretest to 6. 3 (2. 6) in post-test and 6. 1 (2. 3) in follow-up (P<0. 001). In the experimental group, the mean (SD) of social function increased from 8. 1 (3. 9) in pre-test to 9. 5 (4. 9) in post-test and 9. 2 (4. 4) in follow-up (P=0. 67), which was not statistically significant. In the experimental group, the mean (SD) of depression decreased from 10. 7 (5. 4) in pretest to 3. 8 (3. 7) in post-test and 4. 4 (3. 9) in follow-up (P<0. 001). However, in the control group, the mean (SD) of mental health subscales in pre-test, post-test and follow-up had no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: It can be concluded that acceptance and commitment therapy to reduce psychological symptoms and promote mental health of cardiac patients can be used as a selective psychotherapy and complementary medical treatment at the same time as receiving drug therapy.

Background and Objective: General health, resilience, emotional intelligence, marital conflict, parenting exhaustion, attachment and parent-child interaction contribute to the psychological empowerment of mothers. The aim of this study was to determine the structural relationships between general health, resilience, emotional intelligence, marital conflict, parenting burnout, attachment, and parent-child interaction with psychological empowerment among mothers with children aged 4-6 year-old. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-correlational structural equation study was conducted with the participation of 257 mothers with children aged 4 to 6 years in the winter of 2019 in Isfahan city. Available sampling method was used. Data were collected using questionnaires of general health, resilience, psychological empowerment, emotional intelligence, marital satisfaction, parenting burnout, relationships between attachment and parent-child interaction. In order to model structural equations, SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23. 0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA). and PLS3 software were used. Results: Direct coefficients of variables of emotional inte ige ce β, =0 41, t=6 9, resi ie ce β, =0 24, t=3 9, d rit s tisf cti β, =0 15, t=2 4 with psychological empowerment were significant but, direct correlation c efficie ts betwee tt ch e t β, =0 03, t=0 39, p re ti g bur ut β, =0 08, t=1 2, ge er he th β, =-0. 02, t=0. 24), parent-chi d i ter cti with ps ch gic e p wer e t β, =0 05, t=0 62 w s t sig ific t I direct c efficie ts f relationships between attachment through parent-chi d i ter cti d resi ie ce β, =-0. 04, t=2. 7), general health and resi ie ce β, =-0 03, t=2 5, ge er he th d rit s tisf cti β,=-0. 02, t = 2. 2), parent-child interaction and e ti i te ige ce β, =-0. 08, t=3. 6), parent-chi d i ter cti d rit s tisf cti β, =-0. 02, t=2. 01), general health, d e ti i te ige ce β, =-0. 04, t=2. 5) with psychological empowerment were significant. Also, the indirect coefficients of relationships between parenting burnout through parent-chi d i ter cti d resi ie ce β, =-0. 01, t=1. 99), general health and resi ie ce β, =-0. 05, t=3. 1, ge er he th d rit s tisf cti β, =-0. 04, t=2. 3), parentchi d i ter cti d e ti i te ige ce β, =-0. 02, t=2. 603), and general health and intelligence emotion on ps ch gic e p wer e t β, =0 07, t=3 52 were significant. Conclusion: The study showed that emotional intelligence, resilience and marital satisfaction are among the variables that have a direct effect on psychological empowerment, and the relationship between attachment and parenting exhaustion is one of the variables that have an indirect effect on psychological empowerment.

Background and Objective: Dissatisfaction with body shape and fear of negative evaluation by others can have psychological consequences such as anxiety and unhealthy eating patterns. On the other hand, the problem in the cognitive emotion regulation can also be the basis of such disorders. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between emotion regulation and body dysmorphic disorder with social anxiety and eating disorder in young women applying for weight loss procedures. Materials and Methods: beauty clinics for weight loss procedures in the fall of 2021 in Tehran. Data through available sampling were collected online using the emotion regulation of Gross (2004), social anxiety of Connor (2000), eating habits of Dutch (1997), and body image concern of Littleton et al. (2005) questionnaires. The collected Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient test and multiple regression, and SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 26. 0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA). Results: The mean (SD) age of the participants in the study was 34. 1 (3. 5) years. Correlation test showed that between eating disorder with emotion regulation (r=0. 133, P<0. 001), eating disorder with social anxiety (r=0. 347, P<0. 001) and eating disorder with obsessive-compulsive disorder (r=0. 382, P>0. 001). There is a positive and significant relationship. That is, the higher the score of emotion regulation, social anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder, the higher the eating disorder and the opposite. The relationship between eating disorder and emotion regulation (β, =0. 042), attention deficit disorder (β, =0. 436) and social anxiety (β, =0. 187) was positive and significant. The obtained regression model had a good fit (P=0. 001 and F=34. 932). Conclusion: The study showed that eating disorder has a positive and significant relationship with emotion regulation, social anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder. That is, the higher the score of emotion regulation, social anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder, the higher the eating disorder and vice versa.