POLITICAL RESEARCH IN ISLAMIC WORLD
Year:2012 | Volume:2 | Issue:3|Papers Count:6

This article is based on structural functionalism and relying on the action theory of Talcott Parsons, and describes factors caused nonviolent action of Islamists in Egypt and Libya's Islamists violent actions during the events of 2011. The theory argues that the function of subsystems within the community is the major factors that influence the actions of individuals in society. We also agree with Parsons Theory that the conflicts in society are inevitable, however the proper function of sub-systems, and in particular the formation of civil society in communities cause nonviolent actions and greater performance of individuals and groups within civil society. Accordingly the performances of the sub-systems in both countries were assessed. Findings indicated that the functions of political, economic and cultural sub-systems led to nonviolent or violent actions of Islamism movements.

Global network, as a new social power structure, grants to the Arabic and Egyptian actors a potential action against the patriarchal structure of the Egyptian. In Egypt revolution, people more than anything else, recruited the new facilities that the process of globalization, has founded in human hands. Accordingly, in a globalized world, the main issue is to influence the public opinion, which the principal loop is mass media and global communication. Globalization has created the possibility that the network connection is transformed into a mass movement. In this way, Egypt's revolution, gains benefits of globalization. In Egypt's revolution we witnessed how young Arabs acptured the streets of Arab countries. Therefore, the role of new technologies in Egyptian revolution cannot ignore.

Theories anticipating the emergenc of new societies in industrialized west appeared during 1950s and 1960s, the flourishing era of important social movements. The importance of these theories is due to their effective role in developing Ingelhart's theoryof post-materialism which was a turning point in explaining generational changes in post industerial societies.Having utilized a descriptive-analytic method, the researchers examine the in clination of post-industrial society to post-materialism values based on Ingle hart theory. Findings show that generational change, high education and etc, especially when economy is booming, have had great effect on people' stendency for post-materialism values such as human rights, life style, protecting enviroment and etc.

This research with regards to the theory of constructivism sought to answer the question if the Egyptian revolution and oust the secular totalitarian regime of Hosni Mubarak has effect on the position of the Zionist regime.Findings indicated that after the revolution, the identity of Egypt transformed to the anti-Zionist Identity, and providing context for the growth of the Islamic movement, led to the isolation of the Zionist regime in the region.Indeed, the destruction of the barrier between Egypt and the Palestinian Authority, as security for the Zionist regime, the demand of Egyptian people to revisions in the Camp David agreement, and Egypt agreement to passing Iranian military ships of the Suez Canal and the security challenges of Egypt after the reconciliation deal of Fatah and Hamas in the West Bank, caused the Zionist regime to encounter with the loss of an important partner on security issues, and prepare themselves to enter to a serious crisis of identity and security. In present study the inductive method was used to answer the questions.

In this paper by considering the importance of the independence of South Sudan in 2011 and the breakup of one of the largest African countries, and considering the influence of two main factors including internal and foreigner factors in the process of South Sudan independence, is seeking to understand the influence of these factors on the independence of South Sudan. Present paper attempts to describe several issues related to Sudan including the conflict in southern Sudan and northern Sudan since independence until the beginning of the new century, Bashir's government policy towards regional issues, and the motives and interests of America's foreign policy toward Sudan and the entire region. Findings of this study showed that since Sudan's independence in the 1950s, except for a brief period of peace during presidency of J. Alnmyry, was involved in the crisis of civil war between southern rebels and the central government. However several factors such as the pressure of America on the Sudanese government at the beginning of the current century, support of southern rebels by various countries such as US, Uganda, Kenya, Libya and Egypt, and the motivation to control the energy resources of Sudan, the financial and informational supports of southern rebels by the Zionistic regime, and lack of association between Sudan's Islamist government with regional policies of other countries resulted in accelerate the process of independence and separation of southern Sudan from the central government.

After the victory of glorious Islamic revolution that ended autarchy in Iran, the seizure of U.S espionage den in Tehran led to abolishment of colonial domination over the country's affairs. The importance and various domestic and foreign reflections of this incident forced political activists, parties and different groups across the country to take clear stances. The main question to be answered in this paper is that the impact and consequences of this event on Iranian domestic political events.In this regard different viewpoints of political parties and groups evaluated. The result showed that the seizure of U.S espionage den in Tehran cause to disclosure the real positions and attitudes of individuals and major groups linked to the Islamic Republic of Iran and also led to the refinement of domestic political system.The logical outcome of this process includes: elimination of rightist and leftist non-Islamic, eclectic thoughts, gradual control of politically sensitive posts by genuine revolutionary youths, increase of their self-esteem and self confidence and ultimately strengthen national integration and unity of the Iranian society. In fact, by seizure of U.S espionage den in Tehran, the revolutionary forces who followed the path of Imam, corrected the route of Islamic Republic and prevented its deviation.