JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ELITES
Year:2023 | Volume:8 | Issue:3|Papers Count:19

Today, due to the pollution of fossil fuels and the limitation of fossil energies, and the increase in demand, the need for alternative and clean energy is felt more than before. One of the sources of free energy supply in this regard is solar energy, which has received attention in the last few years. With the increasing use of photovoltaic systems, the needs based on technical issues and exploitation of this energy has increased. Since the electrical power supplied by solar systems depends on the insulation temperature and the amount of radiation. Solar cells have an optimal working point that is able to receive the maximum and improve the quality of the power that is needed to obtain the maximum power from the photovoltaic system. The system needs a tracking controller with maximum power. A fuzzy controller is used to control the maximum power of photovoltaic systems. Based on fuzzy sets and fuzzy algorithms, fuzzy theory prepares a general method of expressing language rules so that it is possible to process them quickly. In this research, a photovoltaic system based on fuzzy control has been designed and implemented to improve the quality of power from solar cells in the MATLAB software environment.

The topic of reducing losses and using new generation conductors in electricity distribution networks is always discussed and among the research priorities. In order to plan optimally and properly in the electricity distribution industry, it is necessary to implement the plan to use the new generation of medium pressure conductors at the level of electricity distribution, taking into account the technical parameters and the necessary conditions for using this important issue in improving the utilization. In this research, we intend to first explain the skin effect of air conductors and express its equations, then we will investigate this effect and ways to eliminate it in various articles.

The process of digitalization, also known as Industry 4. 0, is affecting industries worldwide. It involves integrating manufacturing processes both vertically and horizontally. Digital platforms (DPs) are an example of digital technology that enables information integration, supports decision-making, and provides interoperability between various software and technologies while also enhancing visibility. This study suggests that the influence of digital platforms on organizations is tied to their digital culture. The data was gathered from 194 manufacturing companies, and structural equation modeling was utilized to test the hypotheses. Furthermore, it was discovered that Big Data Analytics (BDA) can enhance supply chain performance, but its lack of transparency can have various negative impacts. The research investigated the managerial aspects of BDA and focused on organizational capabilities, rather than technical or engineering ones. The objective was to determine how BDA capabilities can strengthen supply chain resilience and innovation, thus improving supply chain performance. The findings indicate that digital platforms have a positive and significant impact on supply chain capability. In addition, supply chain capability plays a key role in connecting digital platforms with operational performance. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the importance of digital culture as a contextual factor that helps explain the varying effects of digital platforms on firm performance. The study also found that BDA capabilities enhance supply chain performance by promoting resilience and innovation within the supply chain.

Recent advances in digitalisation and information and communication technology (ICT) have not only altered the manufacturing paradigm towards the Fourth Industrial Revolution, commonly known as Industry 4. 0, but have also created chances for a smart logistics revolution. The implementation of the established model led to the selection of the scenario that strikes the optimal balance between the widespread use of Industry 4. 0 technologies and the required resources. The scenarios entail the incorporation of the most effective Industry 4. 0 technologies, including the Internet of Things, Automated guided vehicles, Autonomous Vehicles, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data and Data Mining, Blockchain, Cloud Computing, and Electronic/Mobile Markets, and their most plausible applications. Widest feasible implementation of Industry 4. 0 technology does not always guarantee the most acceptable growth scenario, and the answer should be explored in the area of shared interest among all stakeholders. Despite studies focusing on improving the smartness, connectivity, and autonomy of isolated logistics operations with a primary emphasis on the forwards channels, there is still a lack of a systematic Conceptualisation to guide the forthcoming paradigm shift of reverse logistics, such as how "Individualisation" and "service innovation" should be interpreted in a smart reverse logistics context. In order to address this void, this article defines Reverse logistics 4. 0 from a holistic standpoint in order to provide a comprehensive examination of the technical influence of Industry 4. 0 on reverse logistics. On the basis of published research and case studies, a conceptual framework for the transformation of smart reverse logistics is presented to combine Industry 4. 0 enablers, smart service and operation transformation, and targeted sustainability objectives. A smart reverse logistics architecture is also presented to permit a high level of system integration enabled by intelligent devices and smart portals, autonomous robots, and advanced analytical tools, where the value of technological innovations can be leveraged to solve various reverse logistics issues. Through conceptual development, this study contributes by establishing a clear path and research agenda for the reverse logistics transition in Industry 4. 0.

The presence of an intellectual disability child in any family can be considered an undesirable and challenging event, since usually parents do not expect an intellectual disability child before the birth of their child, This event causes parents to feel guilt and blame, failure, deprivation due to the child's unnaturalness. Parents of intellectual disability children are more prepared for marital conflicts due to many problems in their care, upbringing and education. Conflict is a phenomenon that has positive and negative effects on people's performance, and the correct and effective use of conflict improves performance and improves the level of health, and its ineffective use causes conflict and convulsions in a person and decreases the level of health. The purpose of this study is to review marital conflicts in mothers of intellectual disability children. The main results showed that parents of intellectual disability children had lower marital satisfaction and parents of intellectual disability children with a high number of children had lower marital satisfaction. The quality of marital satisfaction of parents of intellectual disability children in all four studied scales (ideal distortion, relationships, marital satisfaction, conflict resolution) is not in a favorable state, so that 90. 9% of them stated that their marital satisfaction is not favorable.

In this research, the effect of financial reporting quality on the relationship between investors' myopia and companies' performance has been investigated. For this purpose, at first, the effect of investors' myopia on the performance of companies was investigated. Then, the effect of financial reporting quality on the performance of companies was investigated. Finally, the effect of financial reporting quality on the relationship between investors' myopia and corporate performance was investigated. This research was conducted using the financial data of 145 companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange in a seven-year period from the beginning of 2015 to the end of 2021. First, the information related to the theoretical foundations and background of the research was collected from library sources. Also, to collect the research data, the financial information of the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange was used. In the statistical analysis, the EViews statistical software and multivariate regression models were used. The results of the research showed that the myopia of investors is affected by the quality of financial reporting. Therefore, the myopia of investors has a negative effect on the performance of companies. The quality of financial reporting has a positive effect on the performance of companies, and as the quality of reporting increases, the effect of investors' myopia decreases.

Due to the variety of their structural makeup, hydrogels polymer networks that are saturated with water are used in a wide range of industries, including medicine, pharmaceuticals, cell or biomolecule separation, and biosensors. Hydrogels have received a lot of attention recently because of their flexible and stable structure in transition phenomena. In comparison to traditional hydrogels, the polymer network of nanocomposite hydrogels has better elastic and rheological properties. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs can both be present in hydrogels at the same time, which is why they are used to release both types of medications. Hydrogels are used in many medical applications, including tissue engineering, contact lenses, wound dressings, and the release of therapeutic agents, because they have a structure similar to the extracellular matrix and the capacity to absorb water. Drugs with a short half-life have an extended shelf life and duration of action due to the controlled release of the drug, which helps to maintain the best therapeutic concentration of the drug in the blood. For drugs with a prolonged release, controlled drug release makes the drug release rate dependable. This article discusses the properties of hydrogel nanocomposites and how they can be used to create targeted drug delivery systems.

Given the prospect of Covid-19 outbreak, successive mutations, and the relative and temporary effectiveness of the vaccines, taking health-oriented measures with participatory and proactive approach is required. Along with the measures like vaccination, "physical precluding" should be considered as well.-The transmission capability of some new variants of SARS-CoV-2 is substantially high, and an increasing reduction in the effectiveness of solely using face masks is alarming. Wearing a face shield with a mask that covers both the mouth and the nose under the shield is an effective method of physical precluding in usual spaces, but it is not a practical method for many people. Instead, wearing a face mask that covers only the mouth under the shield can make it easier.-The most important function of the mask under the shield is to reduce the amount and also the "velocity" of the particles that come out through the mouth. By "reducing the amount and velocity of such particles (by wearing a cover on the mouth under the shield)" and considering "the function of the shield placed in front of the cover" and "the key role of larger particles in the Covid-19 transmission", it is expected any risk of the problematic particles that could come out from around the shield be decreased.-About this, performing a simulation to evaluate the effectiveness of wearing the face shield together with various disposable and washable masks (such as economical cloth covers) that only cover the mouth under the shield, as a facilitated method of physical precluding by the public, is recommended.

Plasmas are ionized gases and are described as the fourth state of matter. Atmospheric pressure plasma has been proposed as a possible new treatment in wound therapy. In recent years, the possibility of acceleration of wound healing by atmospheric pressure plasma has been the focus of attention in many studies. Plasma can produce reactive species such as Nitric oxide (NO), Hydroxyl (OH) and Atomic oxygen (O) which is an important reaction by living microorganisms. This special tissue-reactive species interaction may lead to the acceleration of tissue repair processes without adverse effects on normal tissue. In this paper, by introducing plasma medicine, the necessity of looking at plasma from the perspective of medical sciences and its applications has been discussed. Also, design and construction of atmospheric pressure plasma jet system using Helium gas is reported. The experimental setup is based on very simple and low cost electric components that generate electrical field sufficiently high at the electrodes to ionize Helium gas, which flow at atmospheric pressure.

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors have attracted enormous attention due to their applications in various fields. A novel SPR-based sensor with ZnO and BaTiO3 metal oxide layers is designed for NH3 gas detection. Gold is used as plasmonic material. Moreover, thicknesses of gold and metal oxide layers are optimized to obtain suitable performance parameters. Sensor response is analyzed in terms of minimum reflectance, sensitivity, detection accuracy and quality parameter. Applying ZnO and BaTiO3 layers lead to enhancement of quality parameter and detection accuracy in gold-based sensors. The recommended sensor structure can have potential applications in toxic gas sensing.

Holistic Medicine necessitates a holistic view and attitude and the relevant holistic measures. The only criterion to accurately distinguish true healing from various forms of untrue healing, subsequent to applying a treatment, is "the overall effect of the treatment on the vitality in its broad sense". The vitality rise means "a general increase in the fulfillment degree of biotic capabilities in the broad sense". The realization degree of biotic capabilities can be counted as the vitality indicator of living organisms. The degree of resistance (resilience) to exogenous and endogenous stresses and the fulfillment degree of other biotic capabilities can be considered in this regard.-Some symptoms & signs could vary, appear, and disappear in a nonlinear and sometimes fluctuant manner through appropriately applying holistic treatments depending on various parameters. Some short-term or long-term changes in the picture of the disorders of the living being do not necessarily indicate true healing in reality. A removal or alleviation of some symptoms & signs can come about within the framework of true healing or untrue healing depending on the case. Conversely, an exacerbation of some symptoms & signs and even appearing of new symptoms & signs, e. g. through applying a holistic treatment, do not necessarily indicate that the vitality of the living system has not rised by and large. In any case, true healing is a dynamic and holistic process in which the vitality of the living creature rises. Therefore, as long as the total effect of a treatment on the vitality of the living organism undergoing the treatment is positive overall, we can consider that treatment a truly correct treatment, for that living organism in the respective conditions, in a holistic sense.-Naturally, the degree of vitality is required to be evaluated by conducting the suitable studies with apposite test methods and appropriate indicators as the proper indices of vitality.-The lack of a comprehensive view and holistic criterion (gauge) has been one of the most important reasons for the controversial results in the studies to evaluate the effectiveness of holistic modalities in Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Considering the points mentioned above, it is also proposed that a simple and low-priced animal study with using suitable measures to evaluate the degree of vitality subsequent to applying Faradarmani, as an instance of pseudomedicine (similar to SHY or MEL), be conducted in a credible center under the rigorous supervision of relevant independent inspectors. It can put an end to many disputes about any true effectiveness of such a pseudomedicine that is claimed to be holistic.

The aim of this work is to create hydrophobic coatings on natural leather by plasma. The polymerization process is carried out through a low-pressure plasma system using a combination of Argon gas and Hexamethyldisiloxane monomer (HMDSO). In this process, the monomer is converted into plasma polymers by the formation of free radicals, and their recombination at the radical sites during film growth creates cross-linked and impermeable structures on the leather substrate. This article reports the project of the design and construction of the leather dehydrating device, which is carried out by the author of the article at the leather and footwear research center of Islamic Azad University.