Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences
Year:2022 | Volume: | Issue: |Papers Count:14

Background: Acceptance and commitment Therapy is One of the Third Wave behavioral Therapies for the treatment of anxiety disorders. The purpose of this study to investigate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Resiliency and Self-Concept in children with cancer. Methods: The Present Study was quasi-experimental with post-test pretest design with control group. The statistical population included all children with cancer admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in 1398, of which 30 children were randomly assigned to experimental and control group. Pears-Harris (1969) Self-Concept questionnaire and Connor-Davidson (2003) resilience were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. For the experimental group, Acceptance and commitment Therapy was presented in six session of 60-minutes. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance using SPSS24 software. Results: The results showed that the Treatment based on acceptance and commitment had an Effect on self-concept (p = 0. 001, F = 24. 05) and Resiliency (p = 0. 002, F = 11. 88) in children with cancer. The findings showed That Acceptance and Commitment based Therapy on the components of Behavior, Anxiety, popularity, Resiliency and selfconcept on children with cancer. Conclusion: Acceptance and commitment therapy has a positive effect on resilience and self-concept of children with cancer. Therefore the use of such treatments methods is recommended to counselors and child psychologists.

Introduction: Considering the insufficient efficacy of the medical and educational rehabilitation treatments on behavioral problems of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), novel treatments based on Mindfulness–, Based Positive Behavior support (MBPBS) therapy on mothers of these children are suggested for reducing the behavioral problems of their children. Thus, in the present study, the effect of MBPBS on mindfulness of mothers of children with ASD and the behavioral problems of children were investigated. Materials and Methods: In this study, we randomly divided 30 mothers of 8-10 year-old children with ASD into two groups of experiment and control, 15 in each group. Both groups were evaluated using Bodfish Repetitive Behavior Scale–,Revised before intervention, after 8 sessions of MBPBS education of the intervention group, and one month after the intervention. Results: Mean scores of stereotyped, self-harm, monotone, obsessive, ritualistic, and limited behavior were similar at pre-test (P>0. 05),while, immediately and one month after intervention, it was significantly lower in the intervention group, compared to the control group,mean scores of the above-mentioned behavior had no significant change by time in children with ASD in the control group, while it had significant decrease in the intervention group by time (P<0. 001). Conclusion: MBPBS education to mothers of ASD children is effective on reducing the behavioral problems of ASD children and is thus suggested to be included in the treatment protocol of these children.

Introduction: Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases and one of the main problems of health care systems in many societies around the world, including Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of immunization against stress on anxiety, perceived stress and adherence of treatment in patients with asthma. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 30 patients with asthma aged 25 to 55 years were selected and divided into experimental and control groups. Participants first completed research questionnaires. First, the participants completed the research questionnaires. Then, the stress immunization training package was implemented in 9 sessions for the experimental group. Then the research questionnaires were completed after the sessions and again after three months. The instruments of this study include Beck Anxiety Scale, Cohen Perceived Stress Questionnaire and the scale of adherence to the treatment. In order to analyze the data, repeated measures analysis of variance test was used in SPSS software version 20. Results: The results showed that the difference between groups was significant for the perceived stress variables (p = 0. 023) and treatment follow-up (p = 0. 003) but was not significant for the anxiety variable (p = 0. 360). Therefore, immunization training against stress had a significant effect on perceived stress and adherence to treatment of patients with asthma. Conclusion: Immunization against stress by reducing perceived stress in patients with asthma, in addition to reducing the risk of asthma attacks by improving adherence of treatment these patients leads to better control of their disease.

Background: One of the topics in health psychology is the reaction of people to the physical symptoms of the disease. People with anxiety have misconceptions and misinterpretations of health. The present study examines the relationship between the activity of behavioral brain systems and anxiety. The disease mediates cognitive flexibility. Materials and Methods: The study method is correlational. The study population includes students aged 18 to 35 years from Bu Ali Sina University and Payame Noor University of Hamadan. In order to conduct research, 399 students were selected by convenience sampling method. Participants were assessed using a research assessment tool including three Jackson Five-Factor Questionnaires, Disease Anxiety, and Cognitive Flexibility, then the data were analyzed using path analysis method, based on AMOS-21 software. Results: The results showed that Behavioral Activation System (BAS) has a direct effect on disease anxiety and FFFS has a direct effect on cognitive flexibility, but Behavioral Activation System (BAS) has a direct effect on cognitive flexibility and war system. And FFFS have an indirect effect on morbidity, cognitive flexibility and morbidity,Cognitive flexibility also plays a mediating role between the behavioral brain system and disease anxiety. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it can be said that the activity of Behavioral Activation System (BAS) and Fighting System (FFFS) is associated with disease anxiety and also cognitive flexibility as a mediating variable with disease anxiety.

Background: Congenital Hypothyroidism is one of the most prevalence disease of endocrinology and metabolic infant and important caused of mental deficiency. Hypothyroidism in the secondary causes represented by problem in pituitary or hypothalamus and shortage of TSH. Clinical symptom of Hypothyroidism at the first days of birth are indiscernible so only way of diagnosis and treatment of that, is screening. In this study we used the bootstrap method to evaluation the ROC curve of diagnostic screening TSH test. Materials and Methods: In this study a bootstrap method is proposed to plot ROC curve and determinate the cut point of TSH & T4 based on YOUDEN method. at the first generated subsample and estimated ROC and cut-off point for each sample. The procedure run for 500 replicate. For each replicate selected cut-off where have maximum YOUDEN. The cut-off point calculated for 500 replications from each sample and then selected mean of 500 replicate. The cut-off which have minimum misclassification selected optimal cut-off point. Results: Based ordinary method to estimate the ROC curve the optimal cut-off point for TSH variable is 10 mlU/L and for T4 variable is 100 μ, g/dL which based the bootstrap method respectively optimal cut-off point for TSH is 9. 54 and for T4 is 100. 07. Conclusion: The optimal cut-off point where obtained from bootstrap method have minimum misclassification rate versus ordinary method. Based the small sample bootstrap have minimum misclassification rate toward ordinary method with large sample.

Introduction: Even in engineered landfills in developed countries, leachate production cannot be avoided and it contains different types of heavy metals. Therefore, landfills are one of the main sources of increased concentrations of heavy metals in the soil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the severity of contamination of soils around Sabzevar landfill with heavy metals and to prepare a soil contamination map with heavy metals. Methods: Samples of surface and deep soils were collected in 18 stations according to the type of soil and distance from landfill Sabzevar. The concentrations of heavy metals Arsenic, Zinc, Lead, Chromium, Copper, Mercury and Cadmium were analyzed by ICP-OES. The intensity of soil contamination was assessed using Index Geoaccumulation Potential ecological risk index. Results: The mean concentrations of Arsenic, Zinc, Lead, Chromium and Copper in surface soil, respectively are, 6. 013, 41. 04, 6. 31, 26. 77 and 31. 45 mg/kg of Mercury and Cadmium, respectively, 60. 79 and 61. 60 μ, g/kg, respectively. But the mean concentration of Arsenic, Zinc, Lead, Chromium and Copper in depth soil, respectively are, 5. 75, 38. 33, 6. 25, 22. 68 and 31. 04 mg/kg, Mercury and Cadmium, respectively, 66. 57 and 59. 98 μ, g/kg, the value of all proportion to Natural background values are higher. Conclusion: Based on estimates of Igeo and RI indices for heavy metals Arsenic, Lead, Zinc, Chromium and Copper in the soil showed no contamination but for Mercury and Cadmium showed severe contamination.

Background: Many heroin-dependent people have defects in cognitive functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training on cognitive functions of heroin-dependent men. Materials & Methods: The research method is quasi-experimental and applied in terms of purpose, which was done by pretest-posttest with the control group. Thirty heroin addicts from the Addiction Treatment Center in Tehran participated in study as a sample and were divided into two groups: experimental and control. Participants performed semantic strop and n-back working memory test in the pre-test. The participants of the experimental group performed resistance training sessions 3 times a week for 8 weeks in a circular manner consisting of three sets of 8-12 repetitions consisting of 6 movements with rest intervals of 1-2 minutes between sets and 3-5 minutes between movements. Finally, after the intervention, the post-test was performed. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the variables of neutral semantic strop (f (1. 27) =5/53 p=0. 026), positive (f (1. 27) =14/75 p=0. 001), negative (f (1. 27) =6/18 p=0. 019) and working memory (f (1. 27) =5/29 p=0. 029). Due to the difference in means, in working memory, the performance of the experimental group was higher and also the semantic strope reaction time (neutral, positive and negative) was lower in the experimental group. Conclusion: In a general conclusion, it can be stated that a course of resistance training has a positive effect on cognitive functions (semantic strope and working memory) in heroin-dependent men.

Background: Since participation in leisure activities improves the physical and mental health of the elderly, in this study, the leisure patterns of the elderly are explained and analyzed to reveal the problems, needs and barriers of leisure for policy makers. Materials & Methods: This qualitative study was conducted by using conventional content analysis. 21 elderly people over 60 years old were selected based on purposive sampling with maximum diversity and data were collected through semi-structured interviews and continued till data saturation was occurred in 2019. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the data, four criteria of acceptability, reliability, transmission capability and the capability of the proposed approval of Goba and Lincoln were used. Results: Three main themes of the study were included of leisure activities, barriers to participation in leisure activities and factors affecting leisure. The eight main categories of "recreation", "sport", "social interaction", "rest", "artistic activity", "cultural activity", "media" and "religious beliefs" were extracted from the data analysis. The most common leisure activities for the elderly were watching television, hiking, going to parks and mosques. The most important barriers to non-participation in leisure activities were economic problems, disability and lack of access. Conclusion: Due to the most common leisure activities in the elderly and barriers to non-participation in leisure activities, the provision of recreational, educational and religious programs by responsible institutions and organizations and their availability can provide welfare and health of the elderly.

Background: Increasing antibiotic resistance of bacteria, especially Escherichia coli, is currently a global health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the drug resistance patterns of E coli strains isolated from broiler poultry of Ardabil city to common twenty antibiotics in the Iran. Materials & Methods: Five carcasses were randomly selected from 24 broiler flocks with clinical signs of colibacillosis and sampled from liver and heart using sterile swabs. After culture and isolation, colonies were identified by biochemical and serological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method based on CLSI guidelines for various groups of antibiotics. Results: From 120 samples examined, E. coli was isolated in 111 cases (92. 5%). The highest antibiotic resistance was in tetrayclin (100%), chlortetracycline (100%), nalidixic acid (100%), oxytetracycline (97. 30%), flumequine (94. 60%), tylosin (86. 47%), enrofloxacin (83. 78%), doxycycline (82. 89%), neomycin (81. 08%) and sulphadiazine+ terimethoprime (74. 77%), respectively. The most sensitivity was seen in ceftiofur (100%), cefixime (89. 19%), gentamicin (80. 19%) and lincospectin (72. 07%), respectively. Multiple antibiotic resistance was in all isolates. Conclusion: The results of this study show the highest rate of drug resistance was observed to common antibiotics in the Iranian poultry industry. This can be due to excessive use of antibiotics in poultry farms. These findings are important for public health.

Background: A hearing-impaired child often has communication problems and Communication problems can lead to social and behavioral problems therefore the purpose of the present study is Survey the effectiveness of group play therapy with cognitive-behavioral approach on anxiety and self-esteem of deaf students. Materials & Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, post-test design and control group. The statistical population of this study included all elementary deaf students in Alborz province in 1398-99. The number of students was 45, of which 30 students were selected by available sampling method and were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Spence children anxiety scale and Cooper Smith self-esteem inventory were used to collect data. Results: The Findings show that the level of anxiety in deaf children in the experimental group and after performing play therapy with cognitive-behavioral approach has decreased compared to the control group (p <0. 05). Also, the findings indicate that the self-esteem of deaf children in the experimental group compared to the control group in the post-test had a significant increase at the level of 0. 05. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, group play therapy is an effective way to reduce anxiety and increase and strengthen the self-esteem of deaf students. It seems necessary to holding group play therapy sessions in special schools for the deaf.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is an important public health problem that has farreaching effects on individual and social functioning. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and emotionoriented therapy on self-care, sexual function in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: The present study was applied in terms of purpose, with a quasi-experimental design with a two-group pre-test-post-test design and was a follow-up. From the statistical population, 45 people were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to 3 groups of 15 people (2 experimental groups and one control group). Self-care Tobert Hampson and Glasgow (2000) answered the Female Sexual Function Questionnaire (FSFI) and the Male Sexual Function Questionnaire (MSHQ). In this study, descriptive data analysis was used to describe the collected data. Spss version 24 was statistically analyzed. Results: The results showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and emotionoriented therapy were effective on self-care, sexual function in type 2 diabetic patients (p <0. 05) and no significant difference was observed in their effectiveness. Both treatments have similar effects on self-care and sexual function. (090/0> p). Conclusion: Cognitive therapies based on mindfulness and emotion-oriented therapy can be used to increase self-care and improve sexual function in type 2 diabetic patients.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. The role of IL-17A in cancer begins in the early stages of tumorigenesis and appears to play an important role in tumorigenesis by causing inflammation. The present study was conducted to investigate the expression of KI67 and P53 genes in HT-29 colon epithelial cells with IL-17A. Materials and Methods: IL-17A was purchased and 50 ng/ml was added to HT-29 culture medium and after 24 hours the cells were isolated from the culture medium and cell necrosis was examined by MTT. Then RNA was extracted and the expression levels of P53 and KI67 were analyzed using newly designed primers by Reverse transcription (RT) qPCR method and GeniX6 software. Results: The MTT test showed that a concentration of 150 ng/ml for 24 hours had maximal necrosis rate in HT-29. After 24 hours of IL-17A incubation, the expression of KI67 (P = 0. 003) and P53 (P = 0. 001) genes in HT-29 cells in the IL-17A exposed group decreased and increased, respectively. Also, compared to the control group the number of examined HT-29 cells in the IL-17A treated group showed a significant decrease (P <0. 05). Conclusion: The results showed that IL-17A could inhibit HT-29 cell proliferation in vitro by increasing P53 expression and decreasing KI67. This could be a reason for further application of IL17a as a factor for immunotherapy and pathogenesis of the CRC.

Introduction: Family performance is one of the most important indices warranting the family life quality and psychological health and shows family’, s coping skill against distresses, conflicts and problems. So the present research seeks to study the efficacy of an education based on schema therapy in married women. Materials and Methods: The present research was quasi experimental study with pre-and post-tests and control group. Statistical society was Tehran 5th district family counseling center’, s married women clients. Sample size was estimated 30 people with G*power software. Volunteers through available sampling after considering inclusion criteria were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. Family performance in both groups assisted by Mc. Master Family assessment device (FAD) (1960). The experimental group received 13 educational sessions based on schema therapy. After the training and one month later, the participants completed again the questionnaire. The data was analyzed by means of SPSS software version 24 and MANCOVA at a significant level of 0. 05. Results: The mean age of the experimental group was 40. 7 ±,4. 6 and the control group was 40. 3 ±,3. 7 which did not differ significantly. Analysis by MANCOVA showed family performance in experimental group after education was significantly different compared to control group (p<0. 05). Conclusion: The results of this research showed significant improvement in family performance in experimental group compared to beginning of the survey. So, education based on schema therapy was effective on family performance.

Background: Conflict is a phenomenon that has positive and negative effects on the performance of individuals and organizations. This study aimed to investigate the effect of implementing a conflict management program on job conflict and nurses' conflict resolution styles. Materials & Methods: This experimental-interventional and before-after study was performed on 60 nurses in the Kamyab Hospital of Mashhad, Iran, in 2020. A conflict management workshop was held for the intervention group for 6 hours. Then, one week after the workshop, two intra-departmental sessions were held. In both intervention and control groups, Dubrin Job Conflict Questionnaires and Thomas-Kilman conflict mode instrument were completed at the beginning, fifteen days, and one month after the end of the inpatient sessions. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16. Results: Fifteen days and one month after the intervention, the mean score of job conflict in the intervention group significantly decreased compared to the control group and before the intervention (p = 0. 003, p = 0. 008, and p<0. 001, respectively). Implementing a conflict management program increased the tendency to use a collaborative style compared to the control group (p = 0. 02). Tendency to this style in the intervention group increased fifteen days and one month after the workshop compared to before the course (p <0. 001). Conclusion: Findings showed that the implementation of conflict management programs for nurses leads to a reduction in job conflicts among them. Further studies are suggested to explain the role of conflict management program implementation in the functioning of the health system.