Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences
Year:2022 | Volume:29 | Issue:2|Papers Count:11

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori infection represents a key factor in the etiology of the various gastrointestinal diseases, ranging from chronic active gastritis without clinical symptoms to peptic ulceration, gastric adenocarcinoma, and gastric mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. This review concerns some of the most recent developments in diagnostic methods of H. pylori infection and it has been studied in different clinical conditions. Materials and Methods: In the present study, articles published in reputable international scientific databases such as PubMed and Scopus were used. In this study, published articles on Helicobacter pylori infection and its diagnosis were reviewed, and articles that were not open access were excluded from the study. Results: Different invasive and non-invasive diagnostic tests are available for diagnosing H. pylori, and each test has advantages and limitations in different clinical settings. Although none of the methods are considered a gold standard in clinical practice, several techniques have been developed to provide more reliable results. Only highly accurate tests should be used in clinical practice, and the sensitivity and specificity of an adequate test should exceed 90%. Conclusion: According to that, there are several diagnostic tests to detect H. pylori, the selection of the relevant test should take into account all factors including clinical conditions, the probability ratio of positive and negative tests, cost-effectiveness, relevant strategies, and their availability.

Introduction: Using novel methods of clinical evaluation is an important policy of educational institutions. Logbooks are among the most effective, novel techniques of clinical activity evaluation. The present study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate an electronic logbook to enhance the quality of evaluating operating room and anesthesiology field apprentices. Materials and Methods: This was a combined research. In the qualitlative stage, field apprenticeship logbooks were developed using the Delphi method in a purposebased manner. Following that, the web-based electronic version was designed for Android. In the quantitative stage, clinical evaluation was performed on 30 BSc students of operating room and anesthesiology at Sabzevar School of Paramedical Sciences, Iran. At the end of the semester, a satisfaction scale was completed by the students and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: In total, operating room students of the seventh semester (n=18) and anesthesiology students of the eighth semester (n=12) were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the participants was 21-22 years. The operating room and anesthesiology students had favorable and excellent satisfaction with all the items of the clinical apprenticeship evaluation using the electronic logbook. Conclusion: According to the results, using an electronic logbook by clinical professors could enhance the performance of students and motivate students to increase their clinical competence in conducting various procedures in the operating room during the apprenticeship period.

Introduction and objectives: Stuttering has multiple biological, cerebral, and psychological dimensions, all of which are necessary for better understanding of the disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate depression among people with and without stuttering. Materials and Methods: The present study was a systematic review. In order to obtain related studies, studies conducted until before 15th of Ordibehesht in 1400 (May 6, 2021) were skimmed using such key terms as: depression, mental disorder, mood disorders, speech disorder, and stuttering through international databases such as WEB OF SCIENCE, SCIENCEDIRECT, SCOPUS, SPRINGER, GOOGLESCHOLAR, and internal databases such as SID, NOORMAGS, MAGIRAN, and ISC. Finally, 321 study were skimmed and 10 study were selected to meet the objectives of this study. Results: The results showed that depression in children and adolescents with stuttering is more than children and adolescents without stuttering. Likewise, the rate of depression increases with age, which is more severe in girls with stuttering. The results for depression in adults with stuttering are somewhat contradictory, though most studies have shown an increase in stuttering in adults with stuttering compared to adults without stuttering. Conclusion: It seems that depression is more common in people with stuttering than without stuttering. Therefore, in addition to solving speech problems of these people, paying more attention to mental disorder such as depression is suggested.

Introduction: Oral health has a significant impact on the complications of pregnancy and raising the awareness of health Providers, can lead to the strengthening of preventive treatments and reduce the financial burden on society. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of medical, midwifery and nursing students of Iran University of Medical Sciences about oral health during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: During this descriptive-analytical study, which is done by a standard questionnaire, the knowledge and concern of these students in the field of oral health in pregnant women have evaluated. The questionnaire consists of two parts: demographic characteristics of the samples and their personal opinion about oral health. Results: In this study, a total of 172 students (62 nursing, 24 midwiferies and 86 medical students) participated. The knowledge score among 17 questions was minimum zero, maximum 15 and average 6. 85±, 6. 96 No significant relationship was found between knowledge score, gender and field of study. Conclusion: The level of knowledge of medical and paramedical students in the field of oral health during pregnancy is low and it is necessary to improve this awareness.

Introduction: Scientific evidences indicated that occurance of the imbalance during walking and gait disfunction profile could be related to a multiple sclerosis (MS) conditions. Otherwise, exercise activities as a non-pharmacological agent could be effectiveness for MS persons. Aim of this study, is Pilates and TRX programs intermediate on the dynam balance, functional capacities in females with a MS conditions. Materials and Methods: in this study 30 females with a MS conditions (age: 57/7 ±, 41/37 years, diseae history: 77/3 ±,31/11 years and disability grade: EDSS 84/0±,81/1) were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 people. Control group (C), TRX and Pilates groups activated for an 8 weeks periods with a 3 days interval weekly. Dynamic balance, functional capacities variables were measured by a standard styles. Statistical analysis of data performed with a ANCOVA –,ONE Way. A p value of 0. 05 was set. Results: TRX and Pilates programs were induces a significantly differentces in Berg balance, walking timing period, TUG test, and 6 min speed walking (6MWDT) in the 2 training groups and more prominently in the TRX group comparison with a C group (p<0. 05). But 2MWDT parameter in 3 groups weren't outstanding statistically. Conclusion: Findindg indicated that TRX and Pilates programs intermediates were caused an improvement in functional capacities and balance indexes in females with a MS conditions. However, it seems that TRX pattern role on the selected independents variables was obviousely than a Pilates pattern.

Introduction: Assertiveness is an essential tool in communication between nurses and other members of the hospital staff as well as patients. According to studies, more assertive nurses have higher self-esteem and if they make a mistake, they have more courage in reporting the error and as a result, take timely action and prevent the repetition of similar mistakes by others. Materials and Methods: This investigation was an experimental study, conducted on two equal groups with pre-test and post-test design. The study was performed on 70 nurses from different wards of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. The assertiveness training program in the intervention group consisted of a workshop and a Intragroup session. All subjects in the two groups before, after, completed the Rathus assertiveness scale and Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaires. Data were statistically analyzed. Results: The intervention and control groups were similar in terms of demographic characteristics (p>0. 05). Implementation of the assertiveness training program increased the level of assertiveness and self-esteem of nurses in the intervention group in all post-intervention measurements compared to before (p <0. 01). However, the increase in assertiveness and self-esteem of nurses in the intervention group was not significant in any of the post-intervention episodes compared to the control group (p> 0. 05). Conclusion: Based on our findings, the implementation of an assertiveness training program leads to improving the assertiveness and self-esteem of nurses.

Introduction: Corona epidemics are currently the most important health problem in the world. The aim of this study is to investigate some of the demographic and behavioral factors related to the observance of health principles related to Covid 19 and to study the knowledge, attitude and practice of Sabzevar residents of the principles of care of Covid 19. Materials and Methods: This study was descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study. The study sample was 1007 people of Sabzevar who were selected by random sampling method. In this study, a standard questionnaire was used which included demographic factors, attitude survey, knowledge assessment and observance of preventive behavior. The data analysis was performed using SPSS. 20, the data with Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman descriptive and analytical statistics tests. Results: Considering the mean scores obtained, there is a significant relationship between marital status and attitude and performance (p <0. 05). There is no significant relationship between gender and knowledge and attitude, but there is a significant relationship between gender and performance (p <0. 05) that women performed better than men. There is a significant relationship between age groups and knowledge and attitude (p <0. 05). There is a significant relationship between income and attitude and performance (p<0. 05). Housewives have both more knowledge and better performance than other occupations. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, most people have sufficient knowledge and attitude about the principles of health care and methods of disease transmission. It seems that due to the prevalence and prevalence of coronary heart disease, the only solution to control it is vaccination and observing hygienic principles.

Introduction: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) induced excitotoxicity leads to oxidative stress in different areas of the brain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of coenzyme Q10 (Co-Q10) on amelioration of short-term and long-term memory and oxidative stress parameters in MSG-treated rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups including control, MSG, MSG + Q10-10 and MSG + Q10-20. MSG gavage (4 mg / kg) and coenzyme Q10 injection at doses of 10 and 20 mg / kg (intraperitoneally,i. p. ) were performed for 4 weeks. Then, short-term working memory was assessed using the Y maze and long-term avoidance memory was performed with the shuttle box. Hippocampal level of catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined by ELISA method and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was determined by thiobarbituric acid method. Results: In MSG group, there was a significant decrease in alteration behavior, increased latency time to the dark room of the shuttle box, decreased CAT, TAC expression and increased MDA compared to the control group (p <0. 05). While in the Q10 treated groups, there was an increase in working and avoidance memory, an increase in CAT and TAC expression and a decrease in MDA in the hippocampus compared to the MSG group (p˂, 0. 05). Conclusion: It seems that Co-Q10 ameliorates MSG induced neurotoxicity and cognitive symptoms through preventing oxidative stress in the hippocampus.

Introduction: Body image is complex concern including biological, psychological, internal and external social factors. The purpose of this study was to comparison of the effectiveness of interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy on body image in women referred to cosmetic surgery centers. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was a post-test pre-test by control group. The statistical population of all women in Mashhad who had referred to women's cosmetic surgery centers 1398. 45 were randomly placed in three groups (interpersonal psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy and control). The data gathering tool was multidimensional body-self relations questionnaire (Cash, 1997). Content validity was used and their reliability was estimated through Cronbach’, s alpha. SPSS24 software and descriptive and analytical statistics (covariance) were used to analyze the data. Results: The analysis of covariance showed that interpersonal psychotherapy had a positive and significant effect on body image satisfaction (P <0. 05). Cognitive-behavioral therapy had a positive and significant effect on body image satisfaction (P <0. 05). Results of post hoc test indicated that both training methods interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy, there is no significant difference in post-test scores (P > 0. 05). Conclusion: Considering the significant effect of methods interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy on the body image satisfaction, it is suggested to use these two methods to increase women’, s body image satisfaction.

Introduction: Adherence to diet and medication for dialysis patients can be increased with proper training. Peers are among the social supporters to provide people with similar experiences with diet and medication strategies. Materials and Methods: The present study is a clinical trial that was conducted in 1398 with the participation of 60 dialysis patients by random sampling in two experimental and control groups. Before the intervention, information about the samples was collected through demographic questionnaires and adherence to diet and medication of dialysis patients. Then, the peer education intervention was designed for the intervention group and individually during two sessions for 2 hours before Dialysis was performed. One month after the end of the second session, the diet and medication adherence questionnaire of dialysis patients was given to both groups again and the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 19. Results: In the pre-test, independent t-test did not show a significant difference in the scores of diet and medication adherence between the control and intervention groups (p> 0. 05). While in the post-test stage, there was a significant difference in the scores of adherence to diet and medication between the experimental and control groups (p <0. 05). Paired t-test also showed a significant difference between before and after the intervention in the experimental group (p <0. 05). Conclusion: Peer education promotes adherence to the diet and medication of dialysis patients, so the use of this educational method is recommended for dialysis patients.

Background: Increasing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting fossil fuel resources to supply energy is one of the most important challenges of the last century. The electricity sector is one of the most important sources of worldwide greenhouse gas emissions and due to the irregular growth of energy consumption, the use of clean and renewable energies is essential. One of these sources is the use of solar energy. Methods: a solar trickling filter pilot was designed and studied at Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. wastewater was provided from the fish pool effluent. Results of project were analyzed using Retscreen. Results: The mean removal of BOD5, COD, TC and TSS were 90%, 69%, 92% and 53%, respectively. The removal efficiency of BOD5, COD and TSS decreased with increasing organic and hydraulic loading rate and cloudiness. According to the environmental model for the pilot, about 0. 1 tons of CO2 emissions per year are prevented. pilot was not economically feasible due to its small size. Conclusion: solar trickling filter system is associated with problems such as cloudiness, dust accumulation on the plates, sudden interruption of the electric motor due to battery drain and so on, however, the achieved efficiency was optimal and it is expected to expand in industrial scale in Iran with high sunny days.