Iranian Journal of Nursing Research
Year:2022 | Volume:17 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

Introduction: Many care and treatment approaches in the NICU are accompanied by pain as a recurrent complication during neonates’,hospitalization. The performance of a nurse as an important member of the care team can directly affect pain management. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of training on neonatal intensive care nurses’,performance regarding pain management in premature neonates. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study including two groups which was performed through a pre-post comparison. The nurses in the intervention group participated in three sessions of theoretical and two sessions of practical training. The tool for evaluating nurses’,performance regarding pain management in premature infants was completed by the nurses in both groups on three occasions including before training, one week after the training, and three weeks after it. The data was analyzed using SPSS V25 with a significance level of 0. 05. Results: The nurses’,demographic information including age, education, working shift, work experience, and the type of employment were not significantly different in the two groups. There was a significant difference in mean scores of the nurses’,performance between the intervention and the control groups one week and three weeks after the intervention(P-value < 0. 001). In addition, the mean score of the nurses’,performance in the intervention group one week and three weeks after training was significantly different (P-value<0. 001). Conclusions: Holding theoretical and practical workshops can affect nurses’,performance in regard with pain management in premature Neonates in the NICUs.

Introduction: The Covid 19 pandemic has put a lot of pressure on health systems. To improve the quality of nursing care in emergency departments, it is important to pay attention to the psychological disorders of nurses that may arise following the covid-19 outbreak. The aim of this study was to determine the status of stress, anxiety, and depression of nurses working in the emergency department of teaching hospitals affiliated to Zanjan University of Medical Sciences during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 125 nurses working in the emergency department of teaching hospitals affiliated to Zanjan University of Medical Sciences from January to May2022. Samples were selected by stratified random sampling method. The Cohen Perceived Stress Questionnaire and the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scales were used to collect data. Perceived stress questionnaire was completed self-reportedly by research samples. The Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scales were completed through an interview, with an appointment in the appropriate environment within half an hour. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including: frequency, mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics including: parametric tests such as Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance with a significance level of 0. 05 through software SPSS 22. Results: According to the results, the mean and standard deviation of age and work experience of nurses participating in the study were 29. 98±, 5. 20 and 6. 26±, 4. 49 respectively. Most nurses (72. 8%) were female. Most (76%) had a history of Covid-19 and 91. 2% of nurses reported a history of direct care for patients with Covid-19. The results showed that the mean and standard deviation of stress, anxiety and depression were 24. 78±, 6. 34, 13. 24±, 10. 5 and 12. 73±, 9. 67 respectively. Also, the mean of nurses' depression in the teaching hospitals was statistically significant (P<0. 05). The results of Pearson correlation coefficient did not show a significant relationship between stress, anxiety and depression with age, work experience and number of children. Conclusions: More than half of the emergency nurses studied had significant stress, anxiety, and depression during the Covid-19outbreak. It seems that while developing codified programs to support nurses in crises, effective and planned measures should be taken to prevent and treat the psychological disorders of emergency nurses.

Introduction: Complications of nephrotic syndrome reduce quality of life in parents. Self-care education is associated with the possibility of reducing mortality and improving disease outcome. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of self-care education on quality of life of parents of children with nephrotic syndrome. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, 60 parents of children with nephrotic syndrome, aged 7-18 years, were randomly divided into two equal groups of experimental and control. Data collection tools were demographic information form and World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire. The experimental group received 2 sessions of 60 minutes of self-care training based on Orem theory. The control group did not receive any training. The results of the intervention were analyzed after 4 weeks by SPSS 23 software. Results: The mean scores of quality of life in the experimental and control groups before the intervention were 74/3 ±,36/51 and52/4 ±,46/51, respectively (P>0. 05 ) No significant difference was observed between the two groups. One month after the intervention, it was 26/3 ±,90/99 in the experimental group and 27/9 ±,20/51 in the control group, which Significant difference was observed between the two groups (P<0. 05). Conclusions: Self care education based on Orem's theory is effective in increasing the quality of life of parents of children with nephrotic syndrome which can be used as a complementary and effective method to improve that in parents of this group of patients.

Introduction: Cancer is a chronic disease, which, despite all the advances in diagnosis and treatment, is also a reminder of pain, limitation, deformity and death. Methods: This was a descriptive-correlational study. Data were collected by questionnaires includeSpiritual Intelligence, Snyder's Life Expectancy, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem. The statistical population included cancer patients referring to the oncology department of hospitals affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2017 that 235 people were selected by available sampling method. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software, descriptive statistics (central indexes and dispersion and tables describing percentage and frequency) and analytical statistics (T test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient). Results: The mean and standard deviation of spiritual intelligence (122. 88 ±, 13. 5) and life expectancy (39. 3±,6. 41) and Self-esteem (82. 4 ±,4. 69) were respectively, which indicates that the patients under study enjoyed high spiritual intelligence, life expectancy and Self-esteem. According to Pearson correlation coefficient between spiritual intelligence and self-esteem (r= 0. 26, p= 0. 0001), between spiritual intelligence with life expectancy (r= 0. 37, p= 0. 0001) and between dignity Self-esteem with life expectancy (r= 0. 42, p= 0. 0001) was a direct and significant relationship. Conclusions: The results of this study confirm the importance of spiritual intelligence and selfesteem as influential variables on the life expectancy in cancer patients. Therefore emphasize on spiritual intelligence and self-esteem improves their self-control, physical and mental health.

Introduction: Nursing managers and leaders have a vital role in organizing and providing nursing care in medical centers. Effective managers and leaders should guide employees appropriately towards the goals of the organization, increasing the quality of care and increasing the level of society’, s health. This study was designed with the aim of explaining nurses' experiences of effective leadership characteristics. Methods: In this qualitative study which was conducted using the content analysis, purposeful sampling approach was applied on 16 participants (12 nurses, 2 head nurses, and 2 supervisors). Data collection was done using in-depth and semi-structured face-to-face interviews. After collecting the data, all the interviews were transcribed. At first, the meaning similarities were reviewed and subcategories were identified. Then, related sub-categories were grouped in one category. Results: The age range of participants in this study was 25-50 years. By analyzing the data, 8 sub-categories and 4 main categories were emerged. The emerged categories were: "Professional characteristics" with two sub-categories (creating motivation and providing support),"Communication characteristics" with two sub-categories (ability to establish proper interpersonal communication and prompting in the correct manner),"Scientific characteristics" with two sub-categories (being a scientifically and practically role model and situation management) and "Ethical characteristics" with two sub-categories (responsibility and observe justice and not make discrimination among personnel). Conclusions: The findings of this study can be used in the management improvement program and the professional planning of head nurses, as a guide for designating and selecting effective managers. The designation of effective supervisors and head nurses can bring freshness and vitality among the health care staff and consequently improve the quality of patient care.

Introduction: Sense of cohesion can affect nurses' personal and professional performance and it is important to identify the factors involved in it. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of ambiguity tolerance in the relationship between emotion management and sense of cohesion in nurses in Tehran. Methods: The present study was a descriptive-correlational modeling of structural equations. The statistical population of the present study includes nurses in Tehran, from which 189 people were selected by convenience sampling. Inclusion criteria include nurses in Tehran, no history of acute illness, willingness to participate in the study, and exclusion criteria include being under certain conditions that make it impossible to continue the study and unwillingness to continue the study. Data collection tools included a sense of cohesion questionnaire, an ambiguity tolerance questionnaire and an emotion regulation questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data using AMOS and SPSS software version 22. Results: The mean age of the participating group was 31. 36±, 6. 52. Out of 189 participants, 167 (88%) were women. Also 152 people (80%) were married. The mean score of emotion management of the participating group was 30. 88±, 7. 73, ambiguity tolerance was 48. 32±, 9. 92 and sense of cohesion was 74. 13±, 16. 65. The results showed that the correlation coefficient between emotion management and ambiguity tolerance (0. 67), ambiguity tolerance and sense of cohesion (0. 76) and emotion management and sense of cohesion (0. 68) was significant at the level of 0. 01. Also, tolerance of ambiguity in the relationship between emotion management and sense of cohesion in nurses had a mediating role. Conclusions: Accordingly, in the relationship between emotion management and sense of cohesion in nurses, ambiguity tolerance had a mediating role. Therefore, emotion management can help strengthen their sense of cohesion by increasing the level of ambiguity tolerance in nurses.

Introduction: Emotion regulation refers to strategies that are used to reduce, increase or maintain emotional experiences, Considering that accurate knowledge of emotions and their correct assessment can play an important role in reducing people's emotional problems, therefore, the purpose of this research was to qualitatively analyze the opinion of experts about the role of knowledge and cognitive evaluation effective on emotion regulation. Methods: The present study was Inductive qualitative content analysis and latent analysis method. The participants were specialists and experts working on the field of emotion regulation in Iran and were selected through purposeful sampling. After reaching the saturation point with 11 experts, semistructured interviews were conducted. Results: Qualitative analysis of the findings led to two main categories: a) knowledge and acceptance of emotions and b) inadequate emotional education and four subcategories. Subclasses include such as,Emotional assessment and acceptance, incomplete emotional knowledge, lack of accurate emotional education programs, and deficiencies in existing training. Conclusions: The results of the findings indicate that the more people know about their emotions and accept that emotions are part of them, the more easily the regulation and management of emotions happens and vice versa. The lack of evaluation and lack of emotional education leads the person towards inappropriate strategies of emotional regulation in emotional situations. Therefore, clinical therapists are advised to pay special attention to this issue in relation to clients.

Introduction: Addressing the issue of health literacy in patients undergoing hemodialysis by following the treatment regimen and using health services can be an effective tool in improving the care services system to planners and health officials. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between health literacy, adherence to treatment regimen and the use of health services utilization in hemodialysis patients referred to hemodialysis centers of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, 2019. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted in 2019 on hemodialysis patients referred to hemodialysis centers in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. A total of 162 patients undergoing hemodialysis were selected to take part in the study by convenience sampling method based on inclusion criteria. The data collection tools included demographic information questionnaire, Iranian urban population health literacy questionnaire (HELIA), treatment adherence questionnaire in hemodialysis patients (ESRD-AQ) and a researcher-made questionnaire on health services utilization. The validity and reliability of the questionnaires were reviewed and confirmed. Study data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: According to the findings, the mean score of health literacy of the samples was 112. 89 ±,26. 04 and the majority of them (30. 86%) were inadequately literate. In terms of adherence to the treatment regimen, the majority of samples (66. 67%) adhered to the treatment moderately. Regarding the use of health services utilization during the past year, the majority of samples (68. 52%) had not been going for emergency visits, and most of them (54. 32%) had not been hospitalized. Among patients who needed to be hospitalized in the past year, the people who had been hospitalized once before were at majority (26. 54%). Also, in terms of the number of days being in hospital, the majority of samples (70. 99%) had been hospitalized for less than 5 days. Data analysis by Spearman correlation coefficient showed a significant relationship between health literacy and treatment adherence (P = 0. 000). However, no significant relationship was found between health literacy and use of health services utilization and also between adherence to treatment and using health services utilization. Conclusions: Nurses 'knowledge and awareness about patients' health literacy and its promotion can lead to more effective education in these patients and consequently the rate of following more treatment and using health services in these patients is reduced and the ground for Reduce treatment costs and hospitalization rates, which are largely the responsibility of the government.