STUDIES OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS JOURNAL (POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS JOURNAL)
Year:2017 | Volume:9 | Issue:36|Papers Count:6

Today, Asia as a continent is faced with new developments and plans in order to meet the goals of different actors in different regions of the continent. China is one of the emerging players who plan to become a global power, has proposed the revival of the Silk Road initiative. Silk Road is one of China's foreign policy initiatives for expanding their influence to other areas. The plan, which almost covers an area of 4.4 billion people 65% of the world's population and 21 trillion of global GDP in total. The initiative was announced by President of China in September 2013 and the two economic belt“ New Silk Road" (One road and one belt) and "Marine silk road" has been formed. Effort and dedication of China to promote such huge projects apart from the economic and political consequences could be serious for the country in the lead, also could be the formation of China's ambitious new foreign policy to expand more and trying to play a regional role.

The strategic alliance between Iran and Syria is among those that have endured significantly in the past few decades. However, emergence of a new environment presents new challenges for the raison d' être of alliances, which in turn, increases the possibility of their disintegration. Despite significant changes in the political environment of Iran and Syria in the early part of the first decade in 21st century, strategic alliance between these two regional players in the period between 2000 and 2011 has endured. Therefore the core question of this study is: what factors have been effective in the endurance of strategic alliance between Iran and Syria in the period between 2000 until 2011? Our findings in this study show that according to the theory of defensive realism espoused by Stephen Walt, the main factors in the continuance of Iran and Syria alliance according to importance are: ideological solidarity, institutionalization of cooperation and Preserving Credibility. However, hegemonic leadership and formation of security community had no role in this regard. The methodology of this study is descriptive-analytic and the method of data collection is based on library.

Although Most of Critics of Barack Obama‘s Regional strategy believe that Obama lacking a strategy point of view. This reasoning looks completely wrong. When Obama sat on presidential seat he believed that high volume reduction of military commitments and political investment in Middle East is one of the vital and important profits of United States. Engrossing of Iraq and also widespread war against terrorism has faced United States lots of problems, particularly in time of recession. Adjusting presence of United States in this region was not only limited to reduction of its physical appearance in Middle East, but also it includes restraint policy, as Syria, Libya and Yemen has proved that. It means United States take steps back in conflicts of region and give more safety to its allies for more responsibility they take.This study show that Obamas has followed this policy, continuously and he resists strongly against efforts is made to stop this policy. Although it is not in favour of everyone in Washington, but it is a clear and comprehensive strategy which has made Obama to take serious proceedings for issues he thought they are important just as national security; the issues such as Iran nuclear program, Palestine-Israel conflicts, Iraq war and specially recent changes in Region.

Our study focuses on neo-realism has Iran Nuclear Conundrum and lack of agreement on a nuclear Marathon. Anarchic structure of the international system after the events of September eleventh causes a turning point in the international system for the world. Iran tried against the hegemonic power structure of the international system as a resistance range with respect to that coordinates ideological foreign policy spending. The balance of power created after September eleventh exorbitant fees established for Iran sanctions, aerospace, nuclear, oil, international and even took International Economic Exchanges. Nevertheless the issues of Iran’s nuclear powers were causing a disagreement with powerful countries. We tried using neo-realist theory to get the answer security Conundrum of Iran nuclear program.

2007 can be considered as the beginning of one of the deepest and most influential global crisis. The financial and economic crisis that hit keys from the States of America spread among the other member countries of the capitalist system. European Union as one of the most important actors in the international system with the liberal democratic foundation was not an exception to this. But what makes it different for prominent analysts is the impact of the crisis on the process of political and security integration of European Union. Since the beginning of formation of the crisis, the impact of that on the political and security integration was the major question for analysts. This article seeks to answer this question with the analytical methods. This article believes that given the economic foundation of European integration -despite the EU's success in managing the crisis- financial and economic crisis has hurt the political and security integration of Europe and due to the slow pace of economic recovery and the fragility of Europe's economy, its threatening shadow over the political and security integration is maintained.

Studying political parties’ roles and functions in shaping the civil institutions and their impact on the political structure of the society as well as the causes of their instability and failure is essential to understanding the political life in modern societies. Jumhurieh Islami Party is one of such all-embracing political parties which played an active role in the political life of Iran for a decade. After the establishment of the new political elite in the post-revolutionary Iran, Jumhurieh Islami Party played a major role in the formation of the Constitution, forming civil institutions and establishment of the state’s main institutions through the participation of its members within them. Moreover, within the first few years of its political life, Jumhurieh Islami Party succeeded in organizing nine important and decisive elections such as Islamic Republic Referendum, election for the final review of the Islamic Republic of Iran Assembly, three rounds of presidential elections and three rounds of Islamic Consultative Assembly, besides resolving various problems and crises the country faced after the Islamic Revolution.